List of Saudi rulers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of rulers of Saudi Arabia, a kingdom on the Arabian Peninsula, along with its predecessor states, all ruled by the House of Saud.
FirstmonarchSaud I
Formation1720
| King of Saudi Arabia | |
|---|---|
| ملك المملكة العربية السعودية | |
| |
| Incumbent | |
 | |
| Salman since 23 January 2015 | |
| Details | |
| Style | The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques |
| Heir presumptive | Mohammed bin Salman |
| First monarch | Saud I |
| Formation | 1720 |
| Residence | Al-Yamamah Palace (Riyadh) Al-Safa Palace (Mecca) Al-Salam Palace (Jeddah) Tayibah Palace (Medina) Al-Aziziya Palace (Dammam) |
| Website | House of Saud |
Sheikhdom of Diriyah (1446–1727)
The Sheikhdom of Diriyah was a City-state in central Arabia (Najd). It was founded by Mani' ibn Rabi'a, the earliest recorded ancestor of the House of Saud. Over the course of its history, the sheikhdom had approximately fifteen rulers.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saud bin Muhammad
| 1640–1725 | 1720 | 1725 | Eponymous ancestor of the House of Saud. | House of Mani' (Al-Muqrin Branch) | |
Zayd ibn Markhan
| 1649–1727 | 1725 | 1727 | Assassinated in Uyayna. | House of Watban | |
Muhammad bin Saud
| 1687–1765 | 1727 | 1727 | Last ruler of the Sheikhdom era; founded the First Saudi State in 1727. | House of Saud |
First Saudi State (1727–1818)
The First Saudi State, founded by Muhammad bin Saud, grew from the small Sheikhdom of Diriyah into a state that, at its peak, controlled most of the Arabian Peninsula and parts of the Levant, Qajar Iran (including Bandar Abbas), and the Ottoman Empire.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muhammad bin Saud
| 1687–1765 | 1727 | 1765 | Founder of the First Saudi State Son of Saud I | House of Saud | |
Abdulaziz bin Muhammad
| 1721–1803 | 1765 | 1803 | Son of Muhammad I | House of Saud | |
Saud bin Abdulaziz
| 1748–1814 | 1803 | 1814 | Son of Abdulaziz I, also known as Saud the Great. | House of Saud | |
Abdullah bin Saud
| 1785–1818 | 1814 | 1818 | Last ruler of the First Saudi State, executed by the Ottomans, son of Saud II. | House of Saud | .jpg) |
Second Saudi State (1824–1891)
The Second Saudi State was founded in 1824 by Turki bin Abdullah, six years after the fall of the First Saudi State in 1818. Unlike the first state, which focused on expansion, the second state was marked by internal conflict.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Turki bin Abdullah
| 1755 – 1834 | 1823 | 1834^‡ | Founder of the Second Saudi State Grandson of Muhammad I | House of Saud | |
Mishari
| 1786 – 1834 | 1834 | 1834^‡ | Son of Imam Turki I | House of Saud | |
Faisal bin Turki
| 1785 – 1865 | 1834 | 1838 (First term.) | Son of Imam Turki | House of Saud | |
Khalid I
| ؟ - 1861 | 1838 | 1841 | Son of Imam Abdulaziz I | House of Saud | |
Abdullah II
| ؟ – 1843 | 1841 | 1843 | Son of Imam Saud II | House of Saud | |
Faisal bin Turki
| 1785 – 1865 | 1843 | 1865 (Second term.) | Son of Imam Turki | House of Saud | |
Abdullah III
| 1831 – 1889 | 1865 | 1871 (First term.) | Son of Imam Faisal | House of Saud | |
Saud III
| ؟ – 1874 | 1871 | 1871 (First term.) | Son of Imam Abdullah I | House of Saud | |
Abdullah III
| 1831 – 1889 | 1871 | 1873 (Second term.) | Son of Imam Faisal | House of Saud | |
Saud III
| ؟ – 1874 | 1873 | 1875 (Second term.) | Son of Imam Abdullah I | House of Saud | |
Abdul Rahman bin Faisal
| 1850–1928 | 1875 | 1876 (First term.) | Son of Imam Faisal I | House of Saud |  |
Abdullah III
| 1831 – 1889 | 1876 | 1889 (Third term.) | Son of Imam Faisal | House of Saud | |
Abdul Rahman bin Faisal
| 1850–1928 | 1889 | 1891 (Second term.) | Son of Imam Faisal I | House of Saud | |
Third Saudi State (1902–present)
The Third Saudi State was founded by Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman, known as Ibn Saud, who recaptured Riyadh in 1902. Through 34 years of campaigns known as the Unification of Saudi Arabia, the state expanded under various names before being officially named Saudi Arabia in 1932.
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
King Abdulaziz
| 15 January 1875 – 9 November 1953 (aged 78) | 13 January 1902 | 9 November 1953 (death by natural causes) | Son of Abdulrahman bin Faisal and Sara bint Ahmed | House of Saud |  |
King Saud
| 15 January 1902 – 23 February 1969 (aged 67) | 9 November 1953 (aged 51) | 2 November 1964 (abdicated) | Son of King Abdulaziz and Wadha bint Muhammad Al-Orair | House of Saud |  |
King Faisal
| 14 April 1906 – 25 March 1975 (aged 68) | 2 November 1964 (aged 58) | 25 March 1975 (assassinated) | Son of King Abdulaziz and Tarfa bint Abdullah | House of Saud |  |
King Khalid
| 13 February 1913 – 13 June 1982 (aged 69) | 25 March 1975 (aged 62) | 13 June 1982 (death by natural causes) | Son of King Abdulaziz and Al-Jawhara bint Musaed | House of Saud |  |
King Fahd
| 16 March 1920 – 1 August 2005 (aged 85) | 13 June 1982 (aged 62) | 1 August 2005 (death by natural causes) | Son of King Abdulaziz and Hussa Al-Sudairi | House of Saud |  |
King Abdullah
| 1 August 1924 – 23 January 2015 (aged 90) | 1 August 2005 (aged 81) | 23 January 2015 (death by natural causes) | Son of King Abdulaziz and Fahda Al-Shammari | House of Saud |  |
King Salman
| 31 December 1935 | 23 January 2015 (aged 79) | Incumbent | Son of King Abdulaziz and Hussa Al-Sudairi | House of Saud | _(cropped).jpg) |
Genealogy
| Family tree of Saudi monarchs[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Timeline
Standard of the Kingdom
The Royal Standard consists of a green flag, with an Arabic inscription and a sword featured in white, and with the national emblem embroidered in gold in the lower right canton of the year 1973.
Royal Flag of the King
(Ratio: 2:3)
Royal Standard of the King
(Ratio: 1:1)
The script on the flag is written in the Thuluth script. It is the shahada or Islamic declaration of faith:
- لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله
- lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāh, muhammadun rasūlu-llāh
- There is no other god but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God.[2]
Royal Flag of the King (1938-1953)
(Ratio: 2:3)
Royal Banner of the King (1938-1953)
(Ratio: 12:25)
Royal Standard of the King (1938-1953)
(Ratio: 1:1)
Royal Flag of the King (1953-1964)
(Ratio: 2:3)
Royal Standard of the King (1953-1964)
(Ratio: 1:1)
Royal Flag of the King (1964-1973)
(Ratio: 2:3)
Royal Standard of the King (1964-1973)
(Ratio: 1:1)
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