List of United States Army tactical truck models
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
By 1915, the US Army was using trucks tactically. When the US joined World War I in April, 1917 it began purchasing trucks in larger numbers. Early trucks were often designed for both military and commercial use, later military-specific designs were built. Since 1940 the US military has ordered over 3,000,000 tactical trucks. The US Marines have used both US Army and their own specific models, some are shown.
The "ton" (907 kg) weight ratings are the payload of a basic cargo version of the truck, not of the individual version.
The "wheel arrangement" designation is the number of wheels x the number of driven wheels. There are two wheels per axle, dual tires are counted as one wheel. Some series have both single and dual tire models.
"Total built" usually includes for US forces and any export orders.
1915
Dodge 1⁄2-ton 4x2
White 1+1⁄2-ton 4x2
Jeffery/Nash Quad 2-ton 4x4
Liberty B 3-ton 4x2
FWD B 3-ton 4x4
Ordnance standard 3-ton 4x4
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| Name and type[1][2] | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dodge M1918 1⁄2-ton 4x2 |
1918 | 1,012 | Light repair truck for vehicles |
| White 1+1⁄2-ton 4x2 | 1917–1919 | Wide range of bodies | |
| Jeffery/Nash Quad[a] 2-ton 4x4 | 1913–1928 | 11,500+ | Early models had 4-wheel steering |
| Liberty truck 3-ton 4x2 | 1917–1918 | 9,452 | built by 15 different manufacturers |
| FWD Model B[b] 3-ton 4x4 | 1912–1920 | 16,000+ | Wide range of bodies |
| Ordnance standard 3-ton 4x4 | 1918 | 150? |
1930
Marmon-Herrington 1⁄2-ton
(Model shown for Belgium)
Dodge 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
(1940 model)
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1940
In 1939–1941, the US Army Quartermaster Corps was developing a full, and largely standardized line of tactical trucks, that could all operate off-road, and in all weather. In 1941, trucks of 1⁄4-ton, 1⁄2-ton, 1+1⁄2-ton, and 3-ton load capacity, (4x4), and of 2+1⁄2-ton, 4-ton, and 7+1⁄2-tons, (6x6), were in production, and several other types had been added. These trucks were designated by chassis type, followed by their manufacturer and model. Early use of "M" numbers relate to the body and not the truck itself. During WW II, "M" numbers began to be used for new trucks as well. In 1945, all truck production halted.
Willys MB 1⁄4-ton 4x4
Dodge WC51 3⁄4-ton 4x4
Chevrolet G-506 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4
GMC CCKW 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
GMC DUKW 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
Diamond T 968 4-ton 6x6
Autocar U88144T 5-6 ton 4x4
Brockway B666 6-ton 6x6
Mack NO 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6
M1A1 10-ton 6x6 wrecker
Diamond T Model 981 12-ton 6x4
M26 12-ton 6x6
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willys MB[d] 1⁄4-ton 4x4[3] | 1941–1945 | 639,000+ | Also built by Ford as GPW First "jeep" in the current meaning of the word |
| Dodge WC 1⁄2-3⁄4 ton 4x4[4] | 1941–1945 | 255,000+ | 10+ bodies |
| Chevrolet G506 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4[5] | 1940–1945 | 168,603 | 15 bodies |
| GMC CCKW[e] 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6[6] | 1941–1945 | 562,750 | 12+ bodies "Deuce and a Half", "Jimmy". |
| GMC DUKW[e] 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6[7] | 1942–1945 | 21,147 | Amphibious version of CCKW "Duck" |
| Studebaker US6[f] 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6[8] | 1941–1945 | 219,882 | 8 bodies |
| Diamond T 968 4-ton 6x6[9] | 1940–1945 | 30,000 | Cargo, dump, wrecker and specialty bodies |
| Autocar U8144T 5-6 ton 4x4 | 1941–1945 | 2,711 | Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges |
| Mack NJU 5-6 ton 4x4 | 1941–1942 | 692 | Semi-tractor for pontoon bridges |
| Brockway B666[g] 6-ton 6x6[10] | 1941–1945 | 219,882 | Bridge, crane, cargo fire, van and others by 5 manufacturers |
| Mack NM 6-ton 6x6 | 1940–1944 | 8,400+ | Prime mover cargo truck |
| Mack NO 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6 | 1943–1945 | 2,050 | Prime mover cargo truck |
| M1 Wrecker 10-ton 6x6[11] | 1941–1945 | 5,765 | Standard heavy wrecker during WWII Built by Ward LaFrance and Kenworth. |
| Diamond T 980 12-ton 6x4[12] | 1941–1945 | 6,554 | Tractor for M19 tank transporter |
| Pacific M26 12-ton 6x6[13] | 1943–1945 | 1,372 | Semi-tractor for M25 tank transporter "Dragon Wagon" |
1950
In 1950 the next generation of tactical trucks were being developed. Sizes were rationalized, with 1⁄4 and 3⁄4-ton 4x4s and 2+1⁄2, 5, and 10-ton 6x6s. Trucks were military standard designs, 6x6 trucks used common cabs and similar fender and hood styles.[14]
M422 1⁄4-ton 4x4
M38A1 1⁄4-ton 4x4
M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4
M37 3⁄4-ton 4x4
M35 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6
M51 5-ton 6x6
M123 10-ton 6x6
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| M422 1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1959–1962 | 3,992 | USMC lightweight utility truck "Mighty Mite" |
| M38A1[15] 1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1952–1971 | Light utility truck "Jeep" | |
| M274[16] 1⁄2-ton 4x4 | 1959 | USMC Platform utility truck "Mule" | |
| M37 Series[17] 3⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1951–1968 | 136,220 | 10 bodies "Power Wagon" |
| M35 Series[18] 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6 | 1950–1988 | 173,700[h] | 8+ bodies by 6 manufactures |
| M54 Series[19] 5-ton 6x6 | 1951–1965 | 156,900[i] | Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others. |
| M123/M125[20] 10-ton 6x6 | 1955–1969 | 4,132 | semi-tractor for tank transporter prime mover cargo truck |
1960
M151 1⁄4-ton 4x4
M715 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
M561 1+1⁄4-ton 6x6
M656 5-ton 8x8
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| M151[21] 1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1960–1988 | 103,700[j] | 1⁄4-ton utility jeep |
| M715 series 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1967–1969 | 30,553 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Jeep J-series truck) |
| M561 1+1⁄4-ton 6x6 | 1968 | 14,274 | Cargo and ambulance bodies "Gamma Goat" |
| M656 Series 5-ton 8x8 | 1968–1969 | 3 bodies for Pershing Missile System |
1970
M880 1⁄4-ton 4x4
M817 5-ton 6x6
M520 8-ton 4x4
M920 20-ton 8x6
M911 heavy 8x6
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| M880 series[22] 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1975–1976 | 44,027 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Dodge W-series trucks) |
| M809 series[23] 5-ton 6x6 | 1970–1982 | 38,800 | Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others |
| M520 8-ton 4x4 | 1972[k]–1976 | 1300[l] | Cargo, tank and wrecker bodies Fully amphibious - "Goer" |
| M915 series[24] 14-ton[m] 6x4[n] | 1978–1982 | 9,505 | Tractor, dump, tank, mixer AM General/CCC models |
| M911 C-MET[o] Heavy 8x6 | 1977 | Semi-tractor for tank transporter (modified Oshkosh F2365 truck) |
1980
In the 1980s truck series began to be named from the initials of the truck type and are widely known by these names.
HMMWV 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
CUTV 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4
M929 5-ton 6x6
HEMTT 10-ton 8x8
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| CUCV[25][p] M1008 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 | 1983–1986 | 70,889 | Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies (Modified Chevrolet K-series trucks) |
| HMMWV[q] M998[26] 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4 | 1983–present | Utility, ambulance, shelter-carrier | |
| M939 Series[27] 5-ton 6x6 | 1982–1987 | 44,590[r] | Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, van, wrecker, and others |
| HEMTT[s] M977[28] 10-ton 8x8 | 1982–present | 962 | Cargo, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker |
1990
LMTV 2+1⁄2-ton 4x4
MTV 5-ton 6x6
M916A2 20-ton 6x6
HET Heavy 8x8
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| Name and type | Build years | Total built | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| LMTV[t] M1078[29] 2+1⁄2-ton 4x4 | 1991–present | Cargo, van, and chassis for specialty bodies | |
| MTV[u] M1083[30] 5-ton 6x6 | 2005–present | Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker, and others | |
| M915A2 series[31] 15-ton[v] 6x4[w] | 1990–present | Tractor, dump Freightliner models | |
| HET[x] M1070 Heavy 8x8 | 1993–present | 2,033 | Semi-tractor for tank transporter designed and built by Oshkosh |
2000
See also
Notes
- Also built by Hudson, National, and Paige-Detroit
- Also built by Mitchel, Kissel, and Preimer.
- Modified with driven front axle by Marmon-Herrington.
- Also built as Ford GPW
- Also built by Chevrolet
- Also built by REO.
- Also built by Corbitt (designer), FWD, Ward LaFrance, and White
- Includes all built by 10 manufacturers.
- Includes International Harvester, Diamond T, Kaiser Jeep, and Mack built.
- Includes Ford and Willys/Kaiser Jeep/AM General built.
- Pre-production models tested
in Germany and Vietnam from 1962 - Does not include pre-production vehicles.
- Up to 20-ton.
- Also 6x6 and 8x6
- Commercial Heavy Equipment Transporter
- Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle
- High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle
- Includes AM General and Bowen-McLaughlin-York built.
- Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck
- Light Medium Tactical Vehicle
- Medium Tactical Vehicle
- Also 18+1⁄2 and 20-ton
- Also 6x6
- Heavy Equipment Transporter
- Navistar F7400 SFA 6x6
- Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement
- Logistic Vehicle System Replacement