List of cricetines
Species in mammal subfamily Cricetinae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cricetinae is a subfamily of mammals in the rodent family Cricetidae, which in turn is part of the Myomorpha suborder in the order Rodentia. Members of this subfamily are called cricetines or hamsters. They are found in Europe and Asia, primarily in shrublands, grasslands, and deserts, though some species can be found in forests and wetlands. They range in size from the Roborovski dwarf hamster, at 7 cm (3 in) plus a 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail, to the European hamster, at 32 cm (13 in) plus a 7 cm (3 in) tail. Cricetines generally eat shoots and seeds, though some also eat a variety of other vegetation, insects, and small vertebrates. No cricetines have population estimates, but the golden hamster is categorized as endangered, while the European hamster is categorized as critically endangered. Several hamster species, particularly the golden hamster, Chinese striped hamster, and dwarf hamsters, have been domesticated as pets.[1]
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The eighteen extant species of Cricetinae are divided into seven genera, ranging in size from one to six species. Several extinct prehistoric cricetine species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries, the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[2]
Conventions
| Conservation status | |
|---|---|
| EX | Extinct (0 species) |
| EW | Extinct in the wild (0 species) |
| CR | Critically endangered (1 species) |
| EN | Endangered (1 species) |
| VU | Vulnerable (1 species) |
| NT | Near threatened (1 species) |
| LC | Least concern (14 species) |
The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cricetine's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.
Classification
Cricetinae is a subfamily of the rodent family Cricetidae consisting of eighteen extant species in seven genera. These genera range in size from one to six species. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species.
Subfamily Cricetinae
- Genus Allocricetulus (Mongolian hamsters): two species
- Genus Cansumys (Gansu hamster): one species
- Genus Cricetulus (ratlike hamsters): six species
- Genus Cricetus (European hamster): one species
- Genus Mesocricetus (golden hamsters): four species
- Genus Phodopus (dwarf hamsters): three species
- Genus Tscherskia (Greater long-tailed hamster): one species
Cricetines
The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[5]
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eversmann's hamster | A. eversmanni (Brandt, 1859) |
Central Asia | Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[6] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[7] Diet: Grains, beans, lentils, roots, and plant material, as well as insects and frogs[8] |
LC
|
| Mongolian hamster | A. curtatus (Allen, 1925) |
East-central Asia | Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail[9] Habitat: Shrubland[10] Diet: Grains, beans, lentils, roots, and plant material, as well as insects and frogs[8] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gansu hamster | C. canus Allen, 1928 |
Central China | Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 9–11 cm (4 in) tail[9] Habitat: Forest[11] Diet: Leaves and grasses[11] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese striped hamster
|
C. barabensis (Pallas, 1773) |
Central and eastern Asia | Size: 7–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail[6] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[12] Diet: Shoots and seeds[13] |
LC
|
| Grey dwarf hamster
|
C. migratorius (Pallas, 1773) |
Asia and eastern Europe | Size: 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail[6] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and desert[14] Diet: Shoots, seeds, and insects[13] |
LC
|
| Kam dwarf hamster | C. kamensis Satunin, 1903 |
Central China | Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail[9] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands[15] Diet: Shoots and seeds[13] |
LC
|
| Long-tailed dwarf hamster | C. longicaudatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867) |
Central Asia |
Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[6] Habitat: Rocky areas[16] Diet: Shoots and seeds[13] |
LC
|
| Sokolov's dwarf hamster | C. sokolovi Orlov & Malygin, 1988 |
Mongolia and northern China | Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail[6] Habitat: Shrubland and desert[17] Diet: Shoots and seeds[13] |
LC
|
| Tibetan dwarf hamster | C. alticola Thomas, 1917 |
Western China | Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[9] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[18] Diet: Shoots and seeds[13] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| European hamster
|
C. cricetus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Europe and western and central Asia |
Size: 16–32 cm (6–13 in) long, plus 2–7 cm (1–3 in) tail[6] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[19] Diet: Grains, beans, lentils, roots, and plant material, as well as insects and frogs[20] |
CR
|
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| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ciscaucasian hamster | M. raddei (Nehring, 1894) |
Southwestern Russia | Size: 14–22 cm (6–9 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail[9] Habitat: Grassland[21] Diet: Omnivorous, including a variety of vegetation, seeds, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates[22] |
LC
|
| Golden hamster
|
M. auratus (Waterhouse, 1839) |
Turkey and Syria | Size: 12–17 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail[9] Habitat: Grassland[23] Diet: Omnivorous, including a variety of vegetation, seeds, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates[22] |
EN
|
| Romanian hamster
|
M. newtoni (Nehring, 1898) |
Bulgaria and Romania | Size: 13–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail[9] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[24] Diet: Omnivorous, including a variety of vegetation, seeds, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates[22] |
VU
|
| Turkish hamster
|
M. brandti (Nehring, 1898) |
Western Asia | Size: 13–20 cm (5–8 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail[9] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland[25] Diet: Omnivorous, including a variety of vegetation, seeds, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates[22] |
NT
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Campbell's dwarf hamster
|
P. campbelli (Thomas, 1905) |
East-central Asia |
Size: 7–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[9] Habitat: Shrubland and desert[26] Diet: Seeds and plant material[27] |
LC
|
| Roborovski dwarf hamster
|
P. roborovskii (Satunin, 1903) |
East-central Asia |
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[9] Habitat: Desert and shrubland[28] Diet: Seeds and plant material[27] |
LC
|
| Winter white dwarf hamster
|
P. sungorus (Pallas, 1773) |
Kazakhstan and southern Russia |
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 0.5–1.5 cm (0.2–0.6 in) tail[9] Habitat: Shrubland and desert[29] Diet: Seeds and plant material[27] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greater long-tailed hamster
|
T. triton (De Winton, 1899) |
Eastern Asia | Size: 14–22 cm (6–9 in) long, plus 6–11 cm (2–4 in) tail[9] Habitat: Inland wetlands[30] Diet: Seeds as well as shoots[13] |
LC
|
