| Country |
Position(s) designated to act as head of state |
Incumbent(s) |
Since |
Albania |
Speaker of the Parliament |
Niko Peleshi |
12 September 2025 |
Algeria |
President of the Council of the Nation |
Azouz Nasri |
19 May 2025 |
Armenia |
President of the National Assembly |
Alen Simonyan |
2 August 2021 |
| Prime Minister (if the above cannot exercise their duties) |
Nikol Pashinyan |
8 May 2018 |
Austria |
Presidium of the National Council |
Walter Rosenkranz (President) Peter Haubner (Second President) Doris Bures (Third President) |
24 October 2024 24 October 2024 24 October 2024 |
Barbados |
President of the Senate (for suspensions from office during impeachment proceedings) |
Reginald Farley |
15 September 2020 |
Belarus |
Prime Minister |
Alexander Turchin |
10 March 2025 |
Cameroon |
Prime Minister (for temporary absences) |
Joseph Ngute |
4 January 2019 |
| President of the Senate (for presidential vacancies) |
Marcel Niat Njifenji |
12 June 2013 |
Cape Verde |
President of the National Assembly |
Austelino Tavares Correia |
19 May 2021 |
Central African Republic |
President of the National Assembly |
Simplice Sarandji |
5 May 2021 |
Chile |
Minister of the Interior and Public Security |
Álvaro Elizalde |
4 March 2025 |
Comoros |
Governor of the island currently holding the presidency[c] |
Mhoudine Sitti Farouata (Governor of Grande Comore) |
11 November 2021 |
Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
President of the Senate |
Sama Lukonde |
12 August 2024 |
Congo, Republic of the |
President of the Senate |
Pierre Ngolo |
25 August 2011 |
| President of the National Assembly (if the above cannot exercise their duties) |
Isidore Mvouba |
19 August 2017 |
| Prime Minister (if neither of the above can exercise their duties) |
Anatole Collinet Makosso |
12 May 2021 |
Croatia |
Speaker of Parliament |
Gordan Jandroković |
5 May 2017 |
Cyprus |
President of the House of Representatives[b] |
Annita Demetriou |
10 June 2021 |
Czech Republic |
Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies Prime Minister |
Tomio Okamura Andrej Babiš |
5 November 2025 15 December 2025 |
Djibouti |
Prime Minister (for temporary absences) |
Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed |
1 April 2013 |
| President of the Supreme Court (for presidential vacancies) |
Abdourahman Cheick Mohamed |
|
East Timor |
President of National Parliament |
Maria Fernanda Lay |
22 June 2023 |
Egypt |
Prime Minister (for temporary absences)[d] |
Mostafa Madbouly |
14 June 2018 |
| Speaker of the House of Representatives (for presidential vacancies)[e] |
Hanafy El Gebaly |
12 January 2021 |
Eritrea |
Chairman of the National Assembly |
Isaias Afwerki[f] |
1 February 1994 |
Estonia |
Speaker of the Riigikogu |
Lauri Hussar |
10 April 2023 |
France |
President of the Senate |
Gérard Larcher |
1 October 2014 |
Fiji |
Chief Justice |
Salesi Temo (Acting) |
30 January 2023 |
Finland |
Prime Minister |
Petteri Orpo |
20 June 2023 |
Gabon |
President of the Senate |
Paulette Missambo |
18 September 2023 |
Georgia |
Chairperson of the Parliament |
Shalva Papuashvili |
29 December 2021 |
Germany |
President of the Bundesrat |
Andreas Bovenschulte |
1 November 2025 |
Greece |
President of the Hellenic Parliament |
Nikitas Kaklamanis |
22 January 2025 |
Guinea |
President of the National Assembly |
Dansa Kourouma |
5 February 2022 |
Guinea-Bissau |
President of the National People's Assembly |
Vacant |
4 December 2023 |
Hungary |
Speaker of the National Assembly |
Ágnes Forsthoffer |
9 May 2026 |
Iceland |
|
|
- 21 December 2024
- 4 February 2025
- 1 September 2020
|
Iraq |
Speaker of the Council of Representatives[d] |
Mahmoud al-Mashhadani |
31 October 2024 |
Ireland |
Presidential Commission |
|
- 11 October 2021
- 12 February 2025
- 18 December 2024
|
Israel |
Acting President (for temporary absences) |
Amir Ohana (Speaker of the Knesset) |
29 December 2022 |
| Interim President (for presidential vacancies) |
Italy |
President of the Senate |
Ignazio La Russa |
13 October 2022 |
Ivory Coast |
Prime Minister[g] |
Robert Beugré Mambé |
17 October 2023 |
Kazakhstan |
Chairman of the Senate |
Mäulen Äşimbaev |
4 May 2020 |
Kyrgyzstan |
Speaker of the Supreme Council |
Nurlanbek Shakiev |
5 October 2022 |
Latvia |
Speaker of the Saeima |
Daiga Mieriņa |
20 September 2023 |
Lithuania |
Speaker of the Seimas |
Juozas Olekas |
10 September 2025 |
Madagascar |
President of the Senate |
Vacant |
14 October 2025 |
Malaysia
|
Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong |
Nazrin Shah of Perak (Sultan of Perak)[h] |
13 December 2016 |
Malta |
Speaker of the House of Representatives[i] |
Angelo Farrugia |
6 April 2013 |
Mauritania |
President of the National Assembly |
Mohamed Ould Meguett |
19 June 2023 |
Mexico |
Secretary of the Interior[j] |
Rosa Icela Rodríguez |
1 October 2024 |
| President of the Senate[k] |
Laura Itzel Castillo |
1 September 2025 |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies[l] |
Kenia López Rabadán |
2 September 2025 |
Moldova |
President of the Parliament |
Igor Grosu |
29 July 2021 |
| Prime Minister (if the above cannot exercise their duties) |
Alexandru Munteanu |
1 November 2025 |
Mongolia |
Chairman of the State Great Khural |
Nyam-Osoryn Uchral |
20 November 2025 |
Montenegro |
President of the Parliament |
Andrija Mandić |
30 October 2023 |
Mozambique |
President of the Assembly of the Republic |
Margarida Talapa |
13 January 2025 |
North Macedonia |
President of the Assembly |
Afrim Gashi |
28 May 2024 |
Pakistan |
Chairman of the Senate |
Yusuf Raza Gilani |
9 April 2024 |
Peru |
President of Congress |
Fernando Rospigliosi (Acting) |
10 October 2025 |
Poland |
Marshal of the Sejm |
Szymon Hołownia |
13 November 2023 |
Portugal |
President of the Assembly of the Republic |
José Pedro Aguiar-Branco |
27 March 2024 |
Romania |
President of the Senate |
Mircea Abrudeanu |
24 June 2025 |
Russia |
Prime Minister |
Mikhail Mishustin |
16 January 2020 |
Rwanda |
President of the Senate |
François-Xavier Kalinda |
9 January 2023 |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies (if the above cannot exercise their duties) |
Gertrude Kazarwa |
14 August 2024 |
| Prime Minister (if neither of the above can exercise their duties) |
Justin Nsengiyumva |
25 July 2025 |
São Tomé and Príncipe |
President of the National Assembly |
Celmira Sacramento |
8 November 2022 |
Senegal |
President of the National Assembly |
Malick Ndiaye |
2 December 2024 |
Serbia |
President of the National Assembly |
Ana Brnabić |
20 March 2024 |
Singapore |
Chairman of the Council of Presidential Advisers |
Eddie Teo |
2 January 2019 |
| Speaker of the Parliament (if the above cannot exercise their duties) |
Seah Kian Peng |
2 August 2023 |
Slovakia |
Speaker of the National Council Prime Minister |
Richard Raši Robert Fico |
26 March 2025 25 October 2023 |
Slovenia |
Speaker of the National Assembly |
Urška Klakočar Zupančič |
13 May 2022 |
Somalia |
President of the House of the People |
Aden Madobe |
10 April 2022 |
Sri Lanka |
Prime Minister |
Harini Amarasuriya |
24 September 2024 |
Tajikistan |
Chairman of the National Assembly |
Rustam Emomali |
17 April 2020 |
Togo |
President of the National Assembly |
Kodjo Adedze |
14 June 2024 |
Trinidad and Tobago |
President of the Senate |
Wade Mark |
23 May 2025 |
Tunisia |
Prime Minister |
Sara Zaafarani |
21 March 2025 |
Turkmenistan |
Speaker of the Assembly |
Dünýägözel Gulmanowa |
6 April 2023 |
Ukraine |
Chairperson of the Verkhovna Rada |
Ruslan Stefanchuk |
8 October 2021 |
Vatican City[m]
|
Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church |
Kevin Farrell |
14 February 2019 |
Vanuatu |
Speaker of the Parliament |
Stephen Dorrick Felix |
11 February 2025 |
Venezuela |
Vice President |
Delcy Rodríguez |
4 January 2026[14][15] |