List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China, has 112 diplomatic missions across the world as of December 2024.[a] Due to the One-China principle held by the People's Republic of China on the Mainland China, other states are only allowed to maintain relations with one of the two countries.[3] As most countries have changed their recognition to the latter over time, only 13 of Taiwan's diplomatic missions have official status, consisting of twelve embassies and one consulate-general.[1] This makes Taiwan one of the few countries in the world that has resident embassies in all of the states with which it has formal diplomatic relations.[4]

Map of countries and territories with Taiwanese diplomatic missions
  Republic of China (Taiwan)
  Has formal embassy
  Has unofficial representative missions
  Formerly had unofficial missions

Despite these barriers, 59 United Nations members maintain relations with Taiwan on an unofficial basis.[4] In addition, Taiwan has official relations with Order of Malta, a UN observer entity and Somaliland, a state with limited recognition.[5][6] To serve these locations and other places throughout the world, 92 semi-official representative offices are utilized for matters that would otherwise be handled by embassies or consulates. Their heads are still appointed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, making them de facto missions.[7] Owing to pressure from the People's Republic, most of these offices cannot operate under either the country's official or common name, using the name of the capital Taipei instead to avoid addressing Taiwan's political status.[8] There have recently been two notable exceptions to this; the offices in Somaliland (opened 2020) and Lithuania (2021) use "Taiwan" in their names.[9][10][7][11][12] Taiwan also maintains permanent missions to the European Union and the World Trade Organization, with the latter under the name "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kimmen and Matsu".[13]

Taiwan has also established informal representation in China's two Special Administrative Regions. In Hong Kong, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong provides services similar to a consulate,[14][15] while relations to Macau are handled by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau.[16] In addition, under a mechanism established in 2010, the Taiwanese government is directly represented in negotiations with its Hong Kong counterpart by the Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council (ECCC), with the latter operating a similar office in reciprocation.[17] Taiwan also maintains unofficial diplomatic exchanges with China using the Straits Exchange Foundation, but the organization does not have a physical presence in the mainland as of 2020.[18]

Current missions

Embassies and Consulates-general

Sources:[19][20][21]

More information Host country, Reigion ...
Host country Reigion Host city Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
Belize Americas Belize City Embassy 1989 [22]
Eswatini Africa Mbabane Embassy 1968
Countries:
[23]
Guatemala Americas Guatemala City Embassy[b] 1935 [24]
Haiti Americas Port-au-Prince Embassy[d] 1960 [25]
Holy See Europe Rome[e] Embassy[f] 1943 [26]
Marshall Islands Oceania Majuro Embassy 1998 [27]
Palau Oceania Koror Embassy 1999 [28]
Paraguay Americas Asunción Embassy 1959 [29]
Ciudad del Este Consulate-general 1988 [29]
Saint Kitts and Nevis Americas Basseterre Embassy 1984
Countries:
[30]
Saint Lucia Americas Gros Islet Embassy 2007
Countries:
Territories:
[31]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Americas Kingstown Embassy 1983 [32]
Tuvalu Oceania Funafuti Embassy 1998 [33]
Close

Representative Offices

Sources:[19][20][34]

Africa

Americas

More information Host country, Host city ...
Host country Host city Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
Argentina Buenos Aires Commercial and Cultural Office 1972
Countries:
[39]
Brazil Brasília Economic and Cultural Office 1992 [40]
São Paulo Economic and Cultural Office 1975 [40]
Canada Ottawa Economic and Cultural Office 1993
Territories:
[41]
Montreal Economic and Cultural Office 2023 [42]
Toronto Economic and Cultural Office 1991 [41]
Vancouver Economic and Cultural Office 1991 [43]
Chile Santiago Economic and Cultural Office 1975
Territories:
[44]
Colombia Bogotá Commercial Office 1980
Countries:
[45]
Ecuador Quito Commercial Office 1977 [46]
Mexico Mexico City Economic and Cultural Office 1989 [47]
Peru Lima Economic and Cultural Office 1978
Countries:
[48]
United States Washington, D.C. Economic and Cultural Representative Office 1979
Atlanta Economic and Cultural Office 1979
Boston Economic and Cultural Office 1982 [49]
Chicago Economic and Cultural Office 1979 [50]
Denver[u] Economic and Cultural Office 2015 [51]
Hagåtña,
 Guam
Economic and Cultural Office 1991[v]
Territories:
[52]
Honolulu Economic and Cultural Office 1979 [53]
Houston Economic and Cultural Office 1979
Los Angeles Economic and Cultural Office 1979
Miami Economic and Cultural Office 1988 [54][55]
New York City Economic and Cultural Office 1979
San Francisco Economic and Cultural Office 1979
Seattle Economic and Cultural Office 1979
Close

Asia

More information Host country, Host city ...
Host country Host city Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
Bahrain Manama Trade Office 1977 [56]
Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Economic and Cultural Office 1978[x] [57]
China  Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Office 1990
Countries:
[58][15]
 Macau Economic and Cultural Office 1999
India New Delhi Economic and Cultural Center 1995
Countries:
[59]
Chennai Economic and Cultural Center 2012
Countries:
[60]
Mumbai Economic and Cultural Center 2024 [61]
Indonesia Jakarta Economic and Trade Office 1971
Countries:
[62]
Surabaya Economic and Trade Office 2015 [63]
Israel Tel Aviv Economic and Cultural Office 1993
Countries:
[64]
Japan Tokyo Economic and Cultural Representative Office 1972 [65]
Fukuoka Branch Office 1972 [65]
Naha Branch Office 1958[aa] [66][67]
Osaka Economic and Cultural Office 1972 [65]
Sapporo Branch Office 2009 [68]
Yokohama Branch Office 1972 [65]
Jordan Amman Economic and Cultural Office 1977
Countries:
[69]
Kuwait Kuwait City Commercial Representative Office 1986
Countries:
[70]
Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Economic and Cultural Office 1974 [62]
Mongolia Ulaanbaatar Trade and Economic Representative Office 2002 [71]
Myanmar Yangon Economic and Cultural Office 2016 [72]
Oman Muscat Economic and Cultural Office 1977 [73]
Philippines Manila Economic and Cultural Office 1975 [62]
Saudi Arabia Riyadh Economic and Cultural Representative Office 1990 [74]
Singapore Singapore Representative Office 1969
Countries:
[62]
South Korea Seoul Mission 1993 [75]
Busan Office 2004 [75]
Thailand Bangkok Economic and Cultural Office 1980
Countries:
[62]
Turkey Ankara Economic and Cultural Mission 1989 [76]
United Arab Emirates Dubai Commercial Office 1979
Countries:
[77]
Vietnam Hanoi Economic and Cultural Office 1992
Countries:
[78]
Ho Chi Minh City Economic and Cultural Office 1992
Countries:
[78]
Close

Europe

More information Host country, Host city ...
Host country Host city Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
Austria Vienna Economic and Culture Office 1972
Countries:
[79][80]
Belgium Brussels Representative Office 1976
International Organizations:
[79]
Czech Republic Prague Economic and Cultural Office 1991 [81]
Denmark Copenhagen Representative Office 1973
Countries:
Territories:
[82]
Finland Helsinki Representative Office 1990 [81]
France Paris Representative Office 1972
Territories:
[79]
Aix-en-Provence Office 2020 [83]
Germany Berlin Representative Office 1981 [81]
Frankfurt Office 1999 [79]
Hamburg Office 1964
Munich Office 1999 [81]
Greece Athens Representative Office 1973
Countries:
[84][85]
Hungary Budapest Representative Office 1990 [81]
Ireland Dublin Representative Office 1988 [81]
Italy Rome Representative Office 1990 [86]
Milan Office 2023 [87]
Latvia Riga Mission 1997
Countries:
[88][89]
Lithuania Vilnius Representative Office 2021 [12]
Netherlands The Hague Representative Office 1979
Territories:
[79]
Poland Warsaw Representative Office 1992
Countries:
[81]
Portugal Lisbon Economic and Cultural Center 1992 [81]
Russia Moscow Representative Office 1993 [90]
Slovakia Bratislava Representative Office 2003
Countries:
[91]
Spain Madrid Economic and Cultural Office 1973
Countries:
[79]
Sweden Stockholm Mission 1981
Countries:
[79]
 Switzerland Bern[aj] Cultural and Economic Delegation 1994
Countries:
[92]
Geneva Office 1997 [92]
United Kingdom London Representative Office 1963 [79]
Edinburgh Office 1998
Territories:
[93]
Close

Oceania

More information Host country, Host city ...
Host country Host city Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
Australia Canberra Economic and Cultural Office 1988 [94]
Brisbane Economic and Cultural Office 2005 [95]
Melbourne Economic and Cultural Office 1979 [94]
Sydney Economic and Cultural Office 1979 [94]
Fiji Suva Trade Office 1971
Countries:
[96]
New Zealand Wellington Economic and Cultural Office 1991
Countries:
[97]
Auckland Economic and Cultural Office 1973
Territories:
[98]
Papua New Guinea Port Moresby Economic and Cultural Office 1990
Countries:
[99]
Close

Multilateral organizations

More information Organization, Host City ...
Organization Host City Host country Mission Year Opened Jurisdiction Ref.
European Union Brussels Belgium Representative Office 2001 [100]
World Trade Organization Geneva Switzerland Permanent Mission 2002 [101]
Close

Closed missions

Key
* Mission closed due to withdrawal of official diplomatic recognition
** Same as above, but an unofficial office was set up to succeed it that is still in operation
More information Country, Region ...
List of defunct diplomatic missions as of 2021
Country Region City Mission Opened Closed Notes Ref(s)
Bangladesh Asia Dhaka Embassy (de facto)[al] 2004 2009 Reassigned to representative office in India [59][102]
Belarus Europe Minsk Embassy (de facto)[am] 1996 2006 Reassigned to representative office in Russia [103][104]
 Benin Africa Cotonou Embassy*[an] 1965 [105]
 Bolivia Americas La Paz Embassy (de facto)[ao] 1990 2009 [106][107]
 Botswana Africa Gaborone Embassy* [ap] 1974 [108]
Burkina Faso Africa Ouagadougou Embassy*[aq] 2018 [109]
Khmer Republic Asia Phnom Penh "Military mission" 1972 1975 [110]
Cambodia Asia Phnom Penh Embassy (de facto)[ar] 1994 1997 [111][112]
 Central African Republic Africa Bangui Embassy*[as] 1964 [113]
 Colombia Americas Bogotá Embassy** [at] 1947 1980 Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1961 [45]
Barranquilla Consulate-general* 1972 1980 Initially consulate, promoted to consulate-general in 1979 [45]
Consulate (de facto) 1980 1991 [45]
 Costa Rica Americas San José Embassy* 2007 [114]
 Dominica Americas Roseau Embassy*[au] 2004 [115]
Dominican Republic Americas Santo Domingo Embassy*[av] 2018 [116]
 Ecuador Americas Guayaquil Consulate (de facto) 1974 1998 [46]
 El Salvador Americas San Salvador Embassy*[aw] 2018 [117]
 Gabon Africa Libreville Embassy*[ax] 1974 [118]
Gambia Africa Banjul Embassy*[ay] 1974 [119]
1996 2013 [120][121]
 Greece Europe Athens Embassy** [az] 1929 1972 Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1947 [84]
 Honduras Americas Tegucigalpa Embassy* 1957 2023 Started as legation, promoted to consulate in 1962, then embassy in 1965 [122]
San Pedro Sula Consulate-general [ja]* 1997 2023 [123]
Empire of Japan Asia Taihoku Consulate-General[ba] 1930 1945 [124]
 Japan Asia Nagasaki Consulate 1912 1970 Japan broke off diplomatic relations with Taiwan in 1972, when two years after the closure of the consulate in Nagasaki. [125]
Kiribati Oceania Bairiki Embassy*[bb] 2004 2019 [126][127]
Latvia Europe Riga Consulate-general[bc][bd] 1992 1994 [128]
 Liberia Africa Monrovia Embassy*[ay] 1957 2003 Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1960 [129][130][131]
Libya Africa Tripoli Embassy (de facto)[be] 1980 1997 [132]
2008 2011 Closed due to the First Libyan Civil War [133][134]
 Luxembourg Europe Luxembourg Embassy (de facto)[bf] 1975 2002 Reassigned to representative mission in Belgium/EU [79][135]
North Macedonia Europe Skopje Embassy*[bg][bh] 1999 2001 [136][137]
Macau Asia Macau Embassy (de facto)[bi] 1945 1966 Special commissariat [138][139]
 Madagascar Africa Antananarivo Embassy*[ay] 1960 1972 Formerly a consulate-general before Madagascar's independence [140]
Malawi Africa Lilongwe Embassy*[ay] 2008 [141]
 Nauru Oceania Aiwo Embassy * 1980 2024 Originally consulate-general, promoted to embassy in 1990, closed due to breaking off of relations between 2002-2005 and since 2024. [33][1]
 Nicaragua Americas Managua Embassy *[au] 1930 2021 Originally consulate-general, promoted to legation in 1955 and then embassy in 1965, closed due to breaking off of relations in 1985-1990 and since 2021. [142][143]
 Niger Africa Niamey Embassy*[as] 1974 [144]
 Nigeria Africa Abuja Embassy (de facto)[bj] 2001 2018 Ultimately temporary relocation of Lagos office [145][146]
Norway Europe Oslo Embassy (de facto)[bk] 1980 2017 Reassigned to representative mission in Sweden [79][147]
 Panama Americas Panama City Embassy*[bl] 2017 [148]
Colón Consulate-general 2009 [149]
 Rwanda Africa Kigali Embassy*[bm] 1972 [150]
Peru Americas Lima Embassy** [bn] 1911 1971 Continuation of Qing embassy opened in 1875 [151]
Saudi Arabia Asia Jeddah Consulate (de facto) 2017 Reassigned to main office in Riyadh [147]
São Tomé and Príncipe Africa São Tomé Embassy*[bo] 2016 [152]
Solomon Islands Oceania Honiara Embassy*[bb] 2019 [153]
South Africa Africa Pretoria Embassy*[bp] 1976 1998 Succeeded by unofficial representative office [154][38]
Johannesburg Consulate* 1912 1998 Continuation of a Qing-era consulate, succeeded by unofficial representative office [154][38]
Consulate (de facto) 1998 2009 [38][149]
Cape Town Consulate[bq]** 1973 1998 [155][38]
 Senegal Africa Dakar Embassy*[br] 1964 [156]
 Switzerland Europe Zürich Embassy (de facto) 1973 2007 Merged with Bern office [92]
Lausanne Consulate (de facto) 1979 1994 Moved to Bern [92]
 Togo Africa Lomé Embassy*[br] 1972 [157]
 Tonga Oceania Nukuʻalofa Embassy*[bs] 1998 [158]
 Uruguay Americas Montevideo Embassy[bt] 1957 1988 [159]
Embassy (de facto) 1992 2002 Closure in 2002 intended to be temporary, no record since
Reassigned to representative mission in Argentina
[159][160]
United States Americas Washington, D.C. Embassy[bu]** 1912 1978 Continuation of Qing legation, promoted to embassy in 1935 [161][162][163]
Chicago Consulate** [bv] 1930 1979 [50]
Kansas City Consulate 1974 1978 [164][165]
Consulate (de facto) 1985 2015 Moved to Denver [51]
Venezuela Americas Caracas Embassy (de facto)[bl] 1974 2009 [166]
Close

See also

Notes

  1. This figure includes 110 diplomatic posts and permanent missions, official and unofficial, outside of China as of December 2024,[1][2] and two offices in Hong Kong and Macau. The Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium is counted as one mission.
  2. Initially consulate, promoted to legation in 1954 and embassy in 1960
  3. Dominican Republic is served by both the Embassy in Guatemala and the representative office in Miami, United States.
  4. Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1965
  5. Located outside Vatican territory in Rome, Italy, a country in which Taiwan is not recognized.
  6. Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1959
  7. Served by both the Embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis and the representative office in United Kingdom.
  8. Previously closed in 2017
  9. Previously located in Abuja from 2001 to 2018
  10. Served by both the representative office in Nigeria and representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  11. Burkina Faso is served by both the representative offices in France and Nigeria.
  12. Cameroon is served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and Nigeria.
  13. Served by both the representative offices in Nigeria and United Kingdom.
  14. Served by both the representative offices in Saudi Arabia and Somaliland.
  15. Served by both the representative offices in Somaliland and South Africa.
  16. Served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and South Africa.
  17. Comoros is served by both the representative offices in France and South Africa.
  18. served by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Arab Emirates.
  19. Seychelles is served by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Kingdom.
  20. Falkland Islands is served by both the representative offices in Chile and United Kingdom.
  21. Moved from Kansas City office that was originally opened in 1985
  22. Closed between 2017 and 2020
  23. Turks and Caicos Islands is served by both the representative offices in United Kingdom and Miami, United States.
  24. Closed between 2006 and 2007
  25. Pakistan is served by both the representative offices in Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia.
  26. Bangladesh is served by both the representative offices in India and Thailand.
  27. Operated by a separate organization until 2006 due to the Senkaku Islands dispute
  28. Libya is served by both the representative offices in France and Jordan.
  29. Qatar is served by both the representative offices in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
  30. Served by both the representative offices in Russia and Turkey.
  31. Gabon is served by both the representative office in Belgium and the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  32. Although the office in Brussels was opened in 1976, it initially served only Belgium and did not start serving the European Union as an organization until 2001.
  33. Served by the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  34. Romania is served by both the representative offices in Hungary and Slovakia.
  35. Ukraine is served by both the representative offices in Poland and Russia.
  36. Moved from Lausanne office
  37. French Polynesia is served by both the representative offices in Fiji and New Zealand.
  38. Resident in Bangkok, Thailand
  39. Resident in Moscow, Russia
  40. Served by both the representative office in Nigeria and representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  41. Resident in Lima, Peru
  42. Resident in Pretoria, Gauteng, China
  43. Burkina Faso is served by both the representative offices in France and Nigeria.
  44. Resident in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
  45. Resident in Paris, Ile-de-France, France
  46. Continues as a Commercial Office nowadays.
  47. Resident in Washington, D.C., United States
  48. Dominican Republic is served by both the Embassy in Guatemala and the representative office in Miami, United States.
  49. Resident in Guatemala City, Guatemala
  50. Gabon is served by both the representative office in Belgium and the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  51. Resident in Lagos, Nigeria
  52. In 1930, the Nationalist government opened the consulate-general in Taihoku (Taipei), when Taiwan was under Japanese rule until it was closed in 1945 after the end of the war. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
  53. Resident in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
  54. Although Latvia did not establish relations with Taiwan, it allowed the consulate to function as an official diplomatic office. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
  55. Continues as a mission nowadays.
  56. Resident in Amman, Jordan
  57. Resident in Brussels, Belgium
  58. Although embassies were established by each country, relations only went up to ministerial level, and the Taiwanese embassy was staffed with a chargé d'affaires.
  59. Resident in Rome, Lazio, Italy
  60. Relocated to Lagos.
  61. Resident in Stockholm, Sweden
  62. Resident in Bogotá, Colombia
  63. Served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and South Africa.
  64. Resident in Lisbon, Portugal
  65. Served by the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
  66. Resident in Suva, Rewa, Central, Fiji
  67. Resident in Buenos Aires, Argentina
  68. Continues as a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Chicago.

References

Related Articles

Wikiwand AI