List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan
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Taiwan, officially the Republic of China, has 112 diplomatic missions across the world as of December 2024[update].[a] Due to the One-China principle held by the People's Republic of China on the Mainland China, other states are only allowed to maintain relations with one of the two countries.[3] As most countries have changed their recognition to the latter over time, only 13 of Taiwan's diplomatic missions have official status, consisting of twelve embassies and one consulate-general.[1] This makes Taiwan one of the few countries in the world that has resident embassies in all of the states with which it has formal diplomatic relations.[4]

Despite these barriers, 59 United Nations members maintain relations with Taiwan on an unofficial basis.[4] In addition, Taiwan has official relations with Order of Malta, a UN observer entity and Somaliland, a state with limited recognition.[5][6] To serve these locations and other places throughout the world, 92 semi-official representative offices are utilized for matters that would otherwise be handled by embassies or consulates. Their heads are still appointed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, making them de facto missions.[7] Owing to pressure from the People's Republic, most of these offices cannot operate under either the country's official or common name, using the name of the capital Taipei instead to avoid addressing Taiwan's political status.[8] There have recently been two notable exceptions to this; the offices in Somaliland (opened 2020) and Lithuania (2021) use "Taiwan" in their names.[9][10][7][11][12] Taiwan also maintains permanent missions to the European Union and the World Trade Organization, with the latter under the name "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kimmen and Matsu".[13]
Taiwan has also established informal representation in China's two Special Administrative Regions. In Hong Kong, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong provides services similar to a consulate,[14][15] while relations to Macau are handled by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau.[16] In addition, under a mechanism established in 2010, the Taiwanese government is directly represented in negotiations with its Hong Kong counterpart by the Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council (ECCC), with the latter operating a similar office in reciprocation.[17] Taiwan also maintains unofficial diplomatic exchanges with China using the Straits Exchange Foundation, but the organization does not have a physical presence in the mainland as of 2020.[18]
Current missions
Embassies and Consulates-general
| Host country | Reigion | Host city | Mission | Year Opened | Jurisdiction | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Americas | Belize City | Embassy | 1989 | [22] | ||
| Africa | Mbabane | Embassy | 1968 | Countries: |
[23] | |
| Americas | Guatemala City | Embassy[b] | 1935 | Countries: |
[24] | |
| Americas | Port-au-Prince | Embassy[d] | 1960 | [25] | ||
| Europe | Rome[e] | Embassy[f] | 1943 | Countries: |
[26] | |
| Oceania | Majuro | Embassy | 1998 | Countries: |
[27] | |
| Oceania | Koror | Embassy | 1999 | [28] | ||
| Americas | Asunción | Embassy | 1959 | [29] | ||
| Ciudad del Este | Consulate-general | 1988 | [29] | |||
| Americas | Basseterre | Embassy | 1984 | Countries: |
[30] | |
| Americas | Gros Islet | Embassy | 2007 | Territories: |
[31] | |
| Americas | Kingstown | Embassy | 1983 | Countries: |
[32] | |
| Oceania | Funafuti | Embassy | 1998 | [33] |
- Embassy in Basseterre
- Embassy in Belize City
- Consulate-General in Ciudad del Este
- Embassy in Guatemala City
- Embassy in Mbabane
- Embassy to the Holy See in Rome
Representative Offices
Africa
| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year Opened | Jurisdiction | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abidjan | Representative Office | 2022[h] | [35] | ||
| Lagos[i] | Trade Office | 1991 | [36] | ||
| Hargeisa | Representative Office | 2020 | [37] | ||
| Pretoria | Liaison Office | 1998 | [38] | ||
| Cape Town | Liaison Office | 1998 | Countries: |
[38] |
- Representative Office in Hargeisa
- Liaison Office in Pretoria
Americas
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Ottawa
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Montreal
- Economic and Cultural Office in Lima
- Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Washington, D.C.
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Atlanta
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Chicago
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Denver
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Tamuning, Guam
- Economic and Cultural Office in Honolulu
- Economic and Cultural Office in Houston
- Economic and Cultural Office in Los Angeles
Asia
- Building hosting the Economic and Trade Office in Jakarta
- Economic and Trade Office in Surabaya
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Tel Aviv
- Economic and Cultural Office in Amman
- Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Tokyo
- Economic and Cultural Office in Fukuoka
- Economic and Cultural Office in Yangon
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Manila
- Building hosting the Representative Office in Singapore
- Economic and Cultural Office in Ho Chi Minh City
Europe
- Building hosting the Representative Office in Helsinki
- Representative Office in Paris
- Mission in Riga
- Representative Office in The Hague
- Building hosting the Representative Office in Warsaw
- Delegation in Bern
- Representative Office in London
Oceania
| Host country | Host city | Mission | Year Opened | Jurisdiction | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canberra | Economic and Cultural Office | 1988 | [94] | ||
| Brisbane | Economic and Cultural Office | 2005 | [95] | ||
| Melbourne | Economic and Cultural Office | 1979 | [94] | ||
| Sydney | Economic and Cultural Office | 1979 | [94] | ||
| Suva | Trade Office | 1971 | Territories: |
[96] | |
| Wellington | Economic and Cultural Office | 1991 | Countries: |
[97] | |
| Auckland | Economic and Cultural Office | 1973 | Territories: |
[98] | |
| Port Moresby | Economic and Cultural Office | 1990 | Countries: |
[99] |
- Building hosting the Economic and Cultural Office in Wellington
Multilateral organizations
| Organization | Host City | Host country | Mission | Year Opened | Jurisdiction | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brussels | Belgium | Representative Office | 2001 | [100] | ||
| Geneva | Switzerland | Permanent Mission | 2002 | [101] |
- Representative Office to the European Union
- Permanent Mission to the World Trade Organization
Closed missions
| * | Mission closed due to withdrawal of official diplomatic recognition |
| ** | Same as above, but an unofficial office was set up to succeed it that is still in operation |
| Country | Region | City | Mission | Opened | Closed | Notes | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asia | Dhaka | Embassy (de facto)[al] | 2004 | 2009 | Reassigned to representative office in India | [59][102] | |
| Europe | Minsk | Embassy (de facto)[am] | 1996 | 2006 | Reassigned to representative office in Russia | [103][104] | |
| Africa | Cotonou | Embassy*[an] | 1965 | [105] | |||
| Americas | La Paz | Embassy (de facto)[ao] | 1990 | 2009 | [106][107] | ||
| Africa | Gaborone | Embassy* [ap] | 1974 | [108] | |||
| Africa | Ouagadougou | Embassy*[aq] | 2018 | [109] | |||
| Asia | Phnom Penh | "Military mission" | 1972 | 1975 | [110] | ||
| Asia | Phnom Penh | Embassy (de facto)[ar] | 1994 | 1997 | [111][112] | ||
| Africa | Bangui | Embassy*[as] | 1964 | [113] | |||
| Americas | Bogotá | Embassy** [at] | 1947 | 1980 | Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1961 | [45] | |
| Barranquilla | Consulate-general* | 1972 | 1980 | Initially consulate, promoted to consulate-general in 1979 | [45] | ||
| Consulate (de facto) | 1980 | 1991 | [45] | ||||
| Americas | San José | Embassy* | 2007 | [114] | |||
| Americas | Roseau | Embassy*[au] | 2004 | [115] | |||
| Americas | Santo Domingo | Embassy*[av] | 2018 | [116] | |||
| Americas | Guayaquil | Consulate (de facto) | 1974 | 1998 | [46] | ||
| Americas | San Salvador | Embassy*[aw] | 2018 | [117] | |||
| Africa | Libreville | Embassy*[ax] | 1974 | [118] | |||
| Africa | Banjul | Embassy*[ay] | 1974 | [119] | |||
| 1996 | 2013 | [120][121] | |||||
| Europe | Athens | Embassy** [az] | 1929 | 1972 | Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1947 | [84] | |
| Americas | Tegucigalpa | Embassy* | 1957 | 2023 | Started as legation, promoted to consulate in 1962, then embassy in 1965 | [122] | |
| San Pedro Sula | Consulate-general* | 1997 | 2023 | [123] | |||
| Asia | Taihoku | Consulate-General[ba] | 1930 | 1945 | [124] | ||
| Asia | Nagasaki | Consulate | 1912 | 1970 | Japan broke off diplomatic relations with Taiwan in 1972, when two years after the closure of the consulate in Nagasaki. | [125] | |
| Oceania | Bairiki | Embassy*[bb] | 2004 | 2019 | [126][127] | ||
| Europe | Riga | Consulate-general[bc][bd] | 1992 | 1994 | [128] | ||
| Africa | Monrovia | Embassy*[ay] | 1957 | 2003 | Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1960 | [129][130][131] | |
| Africa | Tripoli | Embassy (de facto)[be] | 1980 | 1997 | [132] | ||
| 2008 | 2011 | Closed due to the First Libyan Civil War | [133][134] | ||||
| Europe | Luxembourg | Embassy (de facto)[bf] | 1975 | 2002 | Reassigned to representative mission in Belgium/EU | [79][135] | |
| Europe | Skopje | Embassy*[bg][bh] | 1999 | 2001 | [136][137] | ||
| Asia | Macau | Embassy (de facto)[bi] | 1945 | 1966 | Special commissariat | [138][139] | |
| Africa | Antananarivo | Embassy*[ay] | 1960 | 1972 | Formerly a consulate-general before Madagascar's independence | [140] | |
| Africa | Lilongwe | Embassy*[ay] | 2008 | [141] | |||
| Oceania | Aiwo | Embassy * | 1980 | 2024 | Originally consulate-general, promoted to embassy in 1990, closed due to breaking off of relations between 2002-2005 and since 2024. | [33][1] | |
| Americas | Managua | Embassy *[au] | 1930 | 2021 | Originally consulate-general, promoted to legation in 1955 and then embassy in 1965, closed due to breaking off of relations in 1985-1990 and since 2021. | [142][143] | |
| Africa | Niamey | Embassy*[as] | 1974 | [144] | |||
| Africa | Abuja | Embassy (de facto)[bj] | 2001 | 2018 | Ultimately temporary relocation of Lagos office | [145][146] | |
| Europe | Oslo | Embassy (de facto)[bk] | 1980 | 2017 | Reassigned to representative mission in Sweden | [79][147] | |
| Americas | Panama City | Embassy*[bl] | 2017 | [148] | |||
| Colón | Consulate-general | 2009 | [149] | ||||
| Africa | Kigali | Embassy*[bm] | 1972 | [150] | |||
| Americas | Lima | Embassy** [bn] | 1911 | 1971 | Continuation of Qing embassy opened in 1875 | [151] | |
| Asia | Jeddah | Consulate (de facto) | 2017 | Reassigned to main office in Riyadh | [147] | ||
| Africa | São Tomé | Embassy*[bo] | 2016 | [152] | |||
| Oceania | Honiara | Embassy*[bb] | 2019 | [153] | |||
| Africa | Pretoria | Embassy*[bp] | 1976 | 1998 | Succeeded by unofficial representative office | [154][38] | |
| Johannesburg | Consulate* | 1912 | 1998 | Continuation of a Qing-era consulate, succeeded by unofficial representative office | [154][38] | ||
| Consulate (de facto) | 1998 | 2009 | [38][149] | ||||
| Cape Town | Consulate[bq]** | 1973 | 1998 | [155][38] | |||
| Africa | Dakar | Embassy*[br] | 1964 | [156] | |||
| Europe | Zürich | Embassy (de facto) | 1973 | 2007 | Merged with Bern office | [92] | |
| Lausanne | Consulate (de facto) | 1979 | 1994 | Moved to Bern | [92] | ||
| Africa | Lomé | Embassy*[br] | 1972 | [157] | |||
| Oceania | Nukuʻalofa | Embassy*[bs] | 1998 | [158] | |||
| Americas | Montevideo | Embassy[bt] | 1957 | 1988 | [159] | ||
| Embassy (de facto) | 1992 | 2002 | Closure in 2002 intended to be temporary, no record since Reassigned to representative mission in Argentina |
[159][160] | |||
| Americas | Washington, D.C. | Embassy[bu]** | 1912 | 1978 | Continuation of Qing legation, promoted to embassy in 1935 | [161][162][163] | |
| Chicago | Consulate** [bv] | 1930 | 1979 | [50] | |||
| Kansas City | Consulate | 1974 | 1978 | [164][165] | |||
| Consulate (de facto) | 1985 | 2015 | Moved to Denver | [51] | |||
| Americas | Caracas | Embassy (de facto)[bl] | 1974 | 2009 | [166] |
See also
Notes
- This figure includes 110 diplomatic posts and permanent missions, official and unofficial, outside of China as of December 2024,[1][2] and two offices in Hong Kong and Macau. The Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium is counted as one mission.
- Initially consulate, promoted to legation in 1954 and embassy in 1960
- Dominican Republic is served by both the Embassy in Guatemala and the representative office in Miami, United States.
- Initially legation, promoted to embassy in 1965
- Located outside Vatican territory in Rome, Italy, a country in which Taiwan is not recognized.
- Started as legation, promoted to embassy in 1959
- Served by both the Embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis and the representative office in United Kingdom.
- Previously closed in 2017
- Previously located in Abuja from 2001 to 2018
- Served by both the representative office in Nigeria and representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Burkina Faso is served by both the representative offices in France and Nigeria.
- Cameroon is served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and Nigeria.
- Served by both the representative offices in Nigeria and United Kingdom.
- Served by both the representative offices in Saudi Arabia and Somaliland.
- Served by both the representative offices in Somaliland and South Africa.
- Served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and South Africa.
- Comoros is served by both the representative offices in France and South Africa.
- served by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Arab Emirates.
- Seychelles is served by both the representative offices in South Africa and United Kingdom.
- Falkland Islands is served by both the representative offices in Chile and United Kingdom.
- Moved from Kansas City office that was originally opened in 1985
- Closed between 2017 and 2020
- Turks and Caicos Islands is served by both the representative offices in United Kingdom and Miami, United States.
- Closed between 2006 and 2007
- Pakistan is served by both the representative offices in Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia.
- Bangladesh is served by both the representative offices in India and Thailand.
- Operated by a separate organization until 2006 due to the Senkaku Islands dispute
- Libya is served by both the representative offices in France and Jordan.
- Qatar is served by both the representative offices in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
- Served by both the representative offices in Russia and Turkey.
- Gabon is served by both the representative office in Belgium and the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Although the office in Brussels was opened in 1976, it initially served only Belgium and did not start serving the European Union as an organization until 2001.
- Served by the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Romania is served by both the representative offices in Hungary and Slovakia.
- Ukraine is served by both the representative offices in Poland and Russia.
- Moved from Lausanne office
- French Polynesia is served by both the representative offices in Fiji and New Zealand.
- Served by both the representative office in Nigeria and representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Burkina Faso is served by both the representative offices in France and Nigeria.
- Resident in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Continues as a Commercial Office nowadays.
- Resident in Washington, D.C., United States
- Dominican Republic is served by both the Embassy in Guatemala and the representative office in Miami, United States.
- Resident in Guatemala City, Guatemala
- Gabon is served by both the representative office in Belgium and the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Now continues as a Taipei Representative Office in Greece.
- In 1930, the Nationalist government opened the consulate-general in Taihoku (Taipei), when Taiwan was under Japanese rule until it was closed in 1945 after the end of the war. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
- Although Latvia did not establish relations with Taiwan, it allowed the consulate to function as an official diplomatic office. It was succeeded by an unofficial representative office that is still operating.
- Although embassies were established by each country, relations only went up to ministerial level, and the Taiwanese embassy was staffed with a chargé d'affaires.
- Continues as a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Macau.
- Served by the representative offices in Belgium, France and South Africa.
- Continues as a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Peru.
- Now continues as a Taipei Liaison Office in the Republic of South Africa.
- Continues as a Taipei Liaison Office in Cape Town nowadays.
- Served by the representative offices in Paris and Aix-en-Provence, France.
- Resident in Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Continues as a Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Chicago.