List of extinct cycad genera
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Numerous genera of extinct cycads are known, dating variously to geological periods from the Permian to the Cretaceous.[1]
- Amuriella Late Jurassic, Russian Far East (leaf fragments)
- Androstrobus Triassic to Cretaceous, worldwide (leaf form genus)
- Antarcticycas Middle Triassic, Antarctica (known from the whole plant)[2]
- ?Anthrophyopsis Late Triassic, worldwide (leaf form genus, possibly a pteridospermatophyte)[3]
- Apoldia Triassic-Jurassic, Europe
- Archaeocycas Early Permian, Texas (leaf with sporophylls)
- Aricycas Late Triassic, Arizona (leaf form genus)
- Beania (=Sphaereda), Triassic to Jurassic, Europe & Central Asia (leaf form genus)
- Behuninia Late Jurassic, Colorado & Utah (fruiting structures)
- Bucklandia Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Europe and India (leaf form genus)
- Bureja Late Jurassic, Russia
- Bjuvia Late Permian to Jurassic, Europe & North America[4]
- Cavamonocolpites Early Cretaceous, Brazil (pollen)
- Crossozamia Early to Late Permian, China (leaf form genus)
- Ctenis Mesozoic-Paleogene, Worldwide (leaf form genus)
- Ctenozamites Triassic-Cretaceous, worldwide (leaf form genus)
- Cycadenia Triassic, Pennsylvania (trunks)
- Cycadinorachis Late Jurassic, India (rachis)
- Fascisvarioxylon Late Jurassic, India (petrified wood)
- Gymnovulites, Latest Cretaceous/earliest Paleocene, India (seed)
- Heilungia, Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous, Russia & Alaska (leaf form genus)
- Leptocycas Late Triassic, North Carolina & China (known from the whole plant)[5]
- Mesosingeria, Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Antarctica & Argentina (leaf form genus)
- Michelilloa, Late Triassic, Argentina (stem)
- ?Nikania, Early Cretaceous, Russia (leaf fragments)
- ?Nilssonia, Middle Permian to Late Cretaceous, worldwide (leaf form genus) (possibly not a cycad)[6]
- ?Nilssoniocladus, Early to Late Cretaceous, United States & Russia (stems, likely associated with Nilssonia, possibly deciduous)[7]
- Palaeozamia, Middle Jurassic, England
- Paracycas, Middle Jurassic to Late Jurassic, Europe and Central Asia
- ?Phasmatocycas, Late Carboniferous to Early Permian, Kansas, Texas & New Mexico (leaf with sporophylls)[8]
- Pleiotrichium, Late Cretaceous, Germany (leaf)
- Pseudoctenis, Late Permian to Late Cretaceous, worldwide (leaf form genus)
- Sarmatiella, Late Triassic, Ukraine
- Stangerites, Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, Virginia and Mexico (leaf form genus)
- Sueria, Early Cretaceous, Argentina (leaf)
- Taeniopteris, Carboniferous to Cretaceous, worldwide (polyphyletic leaf form genus, also includes bennettitales and marattialean ferns)
References
- ↑ "PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-03-16.
- ↑ Hermsen, Elizabeth J.; Taylor, Edith L.; Taylor, Thomas N. (January 2009). "Morphology and ecology of the Antarcticycas plant". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 153 (1–2): 108–123. Bibcode:2009RPaPa.153..108H. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.07.005.
- ↑ Xu, Yuanyuan; Popa, Mihai Emilian; Zhang, Tingshan; Lu, Ning; Zeng, Jianli; Zhang, Xiaoqing; Li, Liqin; Wang, Yongdong (2021-09-01). "Re-appraisal of Anthrophyopsis (Gymnospermae): New material from China and global fossil records". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 292 104475. Bibcode:2021RPaPa.29204475X. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104475.
- ↑ Flores-Barragan, Miguel Angel; Velasco-de Leon, María Patricia (September 2021). "New records of Bjuvia and Nilssonia from the Permian of Mexico" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica.
- ↑ Zhang, Jian-Wei; Yao, Jian-Xin; Chen, Jia-Rui; Li, Cheng-Sen (2010-05-25). "A new species of Leptocycas (Zamiaceae) from the Upper Triassic sediments of Liaoning Province, China". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 48 (4): 286–301. Bibcode:2010JSyEv..48..286Z. doi:10.1111/j.1759-6831.2010.00079.x.
- ↑ Vajda, Vivi; Pucetaite, Milda; McLoughlin, Stephen; Engdahl, Anders; Heimdal, Jimmy; Uvdal, Per (August 2017). "Molecular signatures of fossil leaves provide unexpected new evidence for extinct plant relationships". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 1 (8): 1093–1099. Bibcode:2017NatEE...1.1093V. doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0224-5. PMID 29046567. S2CID 3604369.
- ↑ Spicer, Robert A.; Herman, Alexey B. (1996-05-01). "Nilssoniocladus in the Cretaceous Arctic: new species and biological insights". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 92 (3): 229–243. Bibcode:1996RPaPa..92..229S. doi:10.1016/0034-6667(95)00111-5.
- ↑ Axsmith, Brian J.; Serbet, Rudolph; Krings, Michael; Taylor, Thomas N.; Taylor, Edith L.; Mamay, Sergius H. (2003). "The Enigmatic Paleozoic plants Spermopteris and Phasmatocycas reconsidered". American Journal of Botany. 90 (11): 1585–1595. Bibcode:2003AmJB...90.1585A. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.11.1585. PMID 21653333.