List of historians

Classical period

• Herodotus (484 – c. 420 BCE), Halicarnassus, wrote the Histories, which established Western historiography
• Thucydides (460 – c. 400 BCE), Peloponnesian War
• Xenophon (431 – c. 360 BCE), Athenian knight and student of Socrates
• Ctesias (early 4th century BCE), Greek historian of Assyrian, Persian, and Indian history

Hellenistic period

• Ephorus of Cyme (c. 400–330 BCE), Greek history
• Theopompus (c. 380 – c. 315 BCE), Greek history
• Eudemus of Rhodes (c. 370 – c. 300 BCE), Greek historian of science
• Ptolemy I Soter (367 – c. 283 BCE), general of Alexander the Great, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty
• Duris of Samos (c. 350 – post-281 BCE), Greek history
• Berossus (early 3rd century BCE), Babylonian historian
• Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 345 BCE – c. 250 BCE), Greek history
• Manetho (3rd century BCE), Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos (ancient Egyptian: Tjebnutjer) living in the Ptolemaic era
• Quintus Fabius Pictor (born c. 254 BCE), Roman history
• Artapanus of Alexandria (late 3rd – early 2nd centuries BCE), Jewish historian of Ptolemaic Egypt
• Cato the Elder (234–149 BCE), Roman statesman and historian, author of the Origines
• Cincius Alimentus (late 2nd century BCE), Roman history
• Eupolemus, Hellenistic Jewish historian
• Gaius Acilius (fl. 155 BCE), Roman history
• Agatharchides (fl. mid–2nd century BCE), Greek history
• Polybius (203 – c. 120 BCE), early Roman history (in Greek)
• Sempronius Asellio (c. 158 – post-91 BCE), early Roman history
• Valerius Antias (1st century BCE), Roman history
• Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius (1st century BCE), Roman history
• Diodorus of Sicily (1st century BCE), Greek history
• Posidonius (c. 135 – 51 BCE), Greek and Roman history
• Theophanes of Mytilene (fl. mid 1st-century BCE), Roman history

Roman Empire

• Julius Caesar (100 – c. 44 BCE), Gallic and civil wars
• Sallust (86–34 BCE), Roman history
• Dionysius of Halicarnassus (c. 60 – post-7 BCE), Roman history
• Livy (64 BCE – 12 CE), Roman history
• Memnon of Heraclea (fl. 1st century CE), Greek and Roman history
• Strabo (63 BCE – 24 CE), geography, Greek history
• Marcus Velleius Paterculus (c. 19 BCE – c. 31 CE), Roman history
• Claudius (10 BCE – 54 CE), Roman, Etruscan and Carthaginian history
• Pamphile of Epidaurus (female historian active under Nero, r. 54–68), Greek history
• Marcus Cluvius Rufus, (fl. 41–69), Roman history
• Quintus Curtius Rufus (c. 60–70), Greek history
• Flavius Josephus (37–100), Jewish history
• Dio Chrysostom (c. 40 – c. 115 CE), history of the Getae
• Thallus (early-2nd-century CE), Roman history
• Gaius Cornelius Tacitus (c. 56–120), early Roman Empire
• Plutarch (c. 45 – 125), Parallel Lives of important Greeks and Romans
• Criton of Heraclea (fl. 100), history of the Getae and the Dacian Wars
• Suetonius (c. 69 – post-122), Roman emperors up to the Flavian dynasty
• Appian (c. 95 – c. 165), Roman history
• Arrian (c. 92–175), Greek history
• Granius Licinianus (2nd century), Roman history
• Criton of Pieria (2nd century), Greek history
• Lucius Ampelius (c. 2nd-century CE), Roman history
• Dio Cassius (c. 160 – after 229), Roman history
• Marius Maximus (c. 160 – c. 230), biography of Roman emperors
• Diogenes Laërtius (fl. c. 230), history of Greek philosophers
• Sextus Julius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240), early Christian
• Herodian (c. 170 – c. 240), Roman history
• Publius Anteius Antiochus (early 3rd c.)
• Gaius Asinius Quadratus (fl. 248), Roman history
• Dexippus (c. 210 – 273), Roman history
• Ephorus the Younger (late 3rd century), Roman history
• Acholius (late 3rd century), Roman history
• Callinicus (died 273), history of Alexandria
• Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 275 – c. 339), early Christian
• Praxagoras of Athens (fl. early 4th century), Greek and Roman history
• Festus (fl. 370), Roman history
• Aurelius Victor (c. 320 – c. 390), Roman history
• Eutropius (died 390), Roman history
• Ammianus Marcellinus (c. 325 – c. 391), Roman history
• Virius Nicomachus Flavianus (334–394), Roman history
• Sulpicius Alexander (fl. late 4th century), Roman history
• Rufinus of Aquileia (c. 340–410), early Christian
• Eunapius (346–414), biographies of philosophers and universal history
• Orosius (c. 375 – post-418), early Christian
• Philostorgius (368 – c. 439), early Christian
• Socrates of Constantinople (c. 380 – unknown date), early Christian
• Agathangelos (5th century), Armenian history
• Priscus (5th century), Byzantine history
• Sozomen (c. 400 – c. 450), early Christian
• Theodoret (c. 393 – c. 457), early Christian
• Movses Khorenatsi (13 January 410–488), Armenian history
• Hydatius (c. 400 – c. 469), chronicler of Hispania
• Salvian (c. 400/405 – c. 493), early Christian
• Faustus of Byzantium (5th century), Armenian history
• Ghazar Parpetsi (441– after 515), Armenian history
• Zosimus (fl. 491–518), late Roman history
• Jordanes (6th century), history of the Goths
• John Malalas (c. 491–578), Early Christian

Early Middle Ages

• Gildas (500–570), On the Ruin of Briain
• Gregory of Tours (538–594), A History of the Franks
• Baudonivia (fl. c. 600), Frankish nun who wrote a biography of Radegund
• Cogitosus (fl. c. 650), Irish historian
• Tírechán (fl. c. 655), Irish biographer of Saint Patrick
• Muirchu moccu Machtheni (7th c.), Irish historian
• Adamnan (625–704), Irish historian
• Bede (c. 672–735), Anglo-Saxon England
• Paul the Deacon (8th c.), Langobards
• Einhard (9th c.), biographer of Charlemagne
• Nennius (c. 9th c.), Wales
• Notker of St Gall (9th c.), anecdotal biography of champagne
• Martianus Hiberniensis (819–875), Irish teacher and historian
• Asser, Bishop of Sherborne (died 908/909), Welsh historian
• Regino of Prüm (died 915)

High Middle Ages

10th century

• Widukind of Corvey (925–973), Ottonian chronicler
• Liutprand of Cremona (922–972), Byzantine affairs
• Heriger of Lobbes (925–1007), theologian and historian
• Richerus (fl. 10th century), French monk and historian
• Hrostvitha of Gandersheim (935–978), Saxon canoness, poet and historian

11th century

• Ahimaaz ben Paltiel (1017–1060) – known as the compiler of the Chronicle of 1054, a chronicle of Jewish Byzantine Italy
• Thietmar of Merseburg (975–1018), German, Polish, and Russian affairs
• Michael Psellus (1018 – c. 1078), Greek politician and historian
• Marianus Scotus (1028–1082/1083), Irish chronicler
• Michael Attaleiates (c. 1015 – c. 1080), Byzantine historian
• Guibert of Nogent (1053–1124), Benedictine historian
• Eadmer (c. 1066 – c. 1124), post-Conquest English history
• Adam of Bremen (later 11th century), historian of Scandinavia, Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum

12th century

• Abraham ibn Daud (1110–1180), Sephardic Jewish author of Sefer ha-Qabbalah
• Albert of Aix (fl.  c. 1100), historian of the First Crusade
• Alured of Beverley (fl. 1143), English chronicler
• Ambroise (fl. 1190s), Anglo-Norman writer of verse narrative of the Third Crusade
• Anna Komnene (Anna Comnena, 1083 – post-1148), Byzantine princess and historian
• Bele Regis Notarius(late 12th century – early 13th century), Hungarian chronicler. Gesta Hungarorum.
• Eliezer ben Nathan (1090–1170), Jewish chronicler of the Rhineland massacres from Mainz
• Ephraim of Bonn (1132–1200 or 1221), Jewish chronicler
• Florence of Worcester (died 1118), English chronicler
• Galbert of Bruges (12th century), Flemish chronicler
• Gallus Anonymus (fl. 11th – 12th centuries), Polish historian
• Geoffrey Gaimar (fl. 1130s), Anglo-Norman chronicler
• Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1100 – c. 1155), churchman/historian
• Geoffroi de Villehardouin (c. 1160–1212)
• Helmold of Bosau (ca. 1120 – post-1177), German chronicler
• John of Worcester (fl. 1150s), English chronicler
• Otto of Freising (c. 1114–1158), German chronicler
• Pelagius of Oviedo (died 1153), Iberian bishop/historian
• Saxo Grammaticus (12th century), Danish chronicler
• Solomon bar Simson (1140), Jewish chronicler of the Crusades in Mainz
• Svend Aagesen (c. 1140/1150 – unknown date), Danish historian
• Symeon of Durham (died post-1129), English chronicler
• William of Malmesbury (1095–1143), English historian
• William of Newburgh (1135–1198), English historian known as "the father of historical criticism"
• William of Tyre (c. 1128–1186)

13th century

• Giraldus Cambrensis (c. 1146 – c. 1223)
• Wincenty Kadlubek (1161–1223), Polish historian
• Adam of Eynsham (died c. 1233), English hagiographer and writer, abbot of Eynsham Abbey
• Snorri Sturluson (c. 1178–1241), Icelandic historian
• Matthew Paris (died 1259), English chronicler and illuminator
• Jans der Enikel (c. 1227 – c. 1290), Viennese historian and poet
• Templar of Tyre (c. 1230–1314), end of the Crusades
• Simon of Kéza. End of 13th century. A Hungarian chronicler. (c. 1282–1285: Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum)

Late Middle Ages

Historians of the Italian Renaissance listed under "Renaissance"

• Piers Langtoft (died c. 1307)
• Jean de Joinville (1224–1319)
• Giovanni Villani (1276–1348), Italian chronicler from Florence who wrote the Nuova Cronica
• John of Küküllő (1320–1393)
• John Clyn (fl. 1333–1349), Irish historian
• Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372), Irish historian
• Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373)
• John of Fordun (died 1384), Scottish chronicler
• Ruaidhri Ó Cianáin (died 1387), Irish historian
• Jean Froissart (c. 1337 – c. 1405), chronicler
• Dietrich of Nieheim (c. 1345–1418), ecclesiastical history
• Christine de Pizan (c. 1365 – c. 1430), historian, poet and philosopher
• Álvar García de Santa María (1370–1460)
• Giolla Íosa Mór Mac Fhirbhisigh (fl. 1390–1418)
• John Capgrave (1393–1464)
• Alfonso de Cartagena (1396–1456)
• Enguerrand de Monstrelet (c. 1400–1453), French chronicler
• Georges Chastellain (c. 1405 or 1415–1475), Burgundian chronicler
• Thomas Basin (1412–1491), French historian
• Jan Długosz (1415–1480), Polish historian and chronicler
• Mathieu d'Escouchy (1420–1482), French chronicler
• Olivier de la Marche (1425–1502), Burgundian chronicler
• Antonio Bonfini(1424–1502), Italian chronicler
• Johannes de Thurocz (1435–1489), Hungarian chronicler
• Jean Molinet (1435–1507), French chronicler
• Cathal Óg Mac Maghnusa (1439–1498), compiler and annalist
• Philippe de Commines (1447–1511)

A

• Lord Acton (1834–1902), Europe
• Henry Adams (1838–1918), US 1800–1816
• Lucia H. Faxon Additon (1847–1919), Oregon
• Grace Aguilar (1816–1847), Jewish history
• Robert G. Albion (1896–1983), maritime
• Mário de Andrade (1893–1945), Brazil, history of art
• Charles McLean Andrews (1863–1943), US; US colonial history
• Marie Célestine Amélie d'Armaillé (1830–1918), France
• Alfred von Arneth (1819–1897), history of the Austrian Empire
• Mikhail Artamonov (1898–1972), founder of Khazar studies
• William Ashley (1860–1927), British economic history
• Octave Aubry (1881–1946)
• François Victor Alphonse Aulard (1849–1928), French Revolution and Napoleon I
• Zurab Avalishvili (1876–1944), history of Georgia and the Caucasus

B

• Dmytro Bahalii (1857–1932), Ukraine, Russia
• Jacques Bainville (1879–1936), France
• Meir Balaban (1877–1942), Polish-Jewish
• George Bancroft (1800–1891), U.S. to 1789
• Hubert Howe Bancroft (1832–1918), western United States
• R. Mildred Barker (1897–1990), Shakers, religion
• Salo Baron (1895–1989), Jewish history
• Harry Elmer Barnes (1889–1968), World War I; ideas
• Wilhelm Barthold (1869–1930), Muslim and Turkic studies
• Volodymyr Ivanovych Barvinok (1879–1943), Ukraine
• Charles Bean (1879–1968), Australia in World War I
• Charles A. Beard (1874–1948), US, economic interpretation, historiography
• Mary Ritter Beard (1876–1958), US, women's history
• Carl L. Becker (1873–1945), Age of Enlightenment
• Max Beer (1864–1943), imperialism
• Winthrop Pickard Bell (1884–1965), Nova Scotia
• Hilaire Belloc (1870–1953), Europe
• Walter Benjamin (1892–1940), political history, social history and philosophy of history
• Ella A. Bigelow (1849–1917), Massachusetts, U.S.
• Karl Bittel (1892–1969), Germany
• I. M. E. Blandin (1838–1912), Southern U.S.
• Ernst Bloch (1885–1977), philosophy of history, political history and social history
• Marc Bloch (1886–1944), medieval France; Annales School
• Herbert Eugene Bolton (1870–1953), Spanish–U.S. borderlands
• Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich (1873–1955), Soviet
• Amadeo Bordiga (1889–1970), political history and social history
• Octávio Brandão (1896–1980), Brazil, economic history, social history, political history
• Erich Brandenburg (1868–1946), modern Germany
• George Williams Brown (1894–1963), Canada
• Otto Brunner (1898–1982), medieval and early-modern Austria
• Geoffrey Bruun (1899–1988), Europe
• Arthur Bryant (1888–1985), Pepys; English warfare
• James Bryce, (1838–1922), Europe, America, Middle East
• Henry Thomas Buckle (1821–1862), England, History of Civilization
• Serhii Buhoslavskyi (1888–1946), Ukraine, art history
• Nikolai Bukharin (1888–1938), Russia, political history, social history, economic history
• Edvard Bull Sr. (1881–1932), Norway
• Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897), art history, Europe, Renaissance
• John Hill Burton (1809–1881), Scottish Jacobin history
• J. B. Bury (1861–1927), Anglo-Irish historian of the medieval Roman epoch, philologist

C

• Helen Cam (1885–1968), English medieval
• Pierre Caron (1875–1952), French revolution
• E. H. Carr (1892–1982), Soviet history, methodology
• Henri Raymond Casgrain (1831–1904), French Canada
• Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897), Spanish historian
• David Cassel (1818–1893), Jewish studies
• Américo Castro (1885–1972), Spanish identity
• Bruce Catton (1899–1978), American Civil War
• Cesar de Bazancourt (1810–1865), Crimean War
• Nirad C. Chaudhuri (1897–1999), India
• Boris Chicherin (1828–1904), Russian historian, history of Russian law
• Zakaria Chichinadze (1854–1931), Georgian literature
• V. Gordon Childe (1892–1957), archaeology
• Hiram M. Chittenden (1858–1917), US West, fur trade
• Giorgi Chubinashvili (1885–1973), Georgian art
• Winston Churchill (1874–1965), world wars, British Empire
• Augustin Cochin (1876–1916), French Revolution
• Stephen F. Cohen (1938–2020), Russia
• R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943), philosophy of history
• James Connolly (1868–1916), Ireland, political history
• Julian Corbett (1854–1922), British naval
• Vladimir Ćorović (1885–1941), Serbia
• Avery Craven (1885–1980), US South
• Elizabeth Crawford, British and Irish women's suffrage
• Edward Shepherd Creasy (1812–1878), warfare
• Benedetto Croce (1866–1952), historiography
• Margaret Campbell Speke Cruwys (1894–1968), Devon
• John Shelton Curtiss (1899–1983), Soviet Union

D

• Felix Dahn (1834–1912), medieval
• Christopher Dawson (1889–1970), historian and interdisciplinarian
• Angie Debo (1890–1988), Native-American and Oklahoma history
• Léopold Delisle (1826–1910), French historian and librarian
• Bernard DeVoto (1897–1955), US West
• Margarita Diez-Colunje y Pombo (1838–1919), Colombia
• Edith Dobie (1887–1975), Great Britain
• William Dodd (1869–1940), US South
• David C. Douglas (1898–1982), Norman England
• Johann Gustav Droysen (1808–1884), German history
• W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963), Africa, African-American, slavery, political history, cultural history
• Sir George Dunbar (1878–1962), India
• Hermann Duncker (1874–1960), social history, political history
• Ariel Durant (1898–1981), Europe
• Will Durant (1885–1981), Europe

E

• Norbert Elias (1897–1990), process of civilization
• Ephraim Emerton (1851–1935), medieval Europe
• Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), historical materialism

F

• Cyril Falls (1888–1971), military, world wars
• Lucien Febvre (1878–1956), France
• Keith Feiling (1884–1977), England, conservatism
• Herbert Feis (1893–1972), World War II diplomacy, international finance
• Fernando Ortiz Fernández (1881–1969), Afro-Cuban history
• Charles Harding Firth (1857–1936), 17th-century England
• Herbert A. L. Fisher (1865–1940)
• Walter L. Fleming (1874–1932), US Reconstruction
• Vilmos Fraknói (1843–1924), Hungary, Hungarian ecclesiastical history
• Edward Augustus Freeman (1823–1892), English politics
• Egon Friedell (1878–1938), cultural history of the modern age
• James Anthony Froude (1818–1894), Tudor England
• J. F. C. Fuller (1878–1966), military
• Frantz Funck-Brentano (1862–1947), France
• John Sydenham Furnivall (1878–1960), Burma, Southeast Asia
• Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (1830–1889), antiquity, France

G

• François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), medieval history
• Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829–1902), 17th-century England
• Alice Gardner (1854–1927), ancient history
• Luise Gerbing (1855–1927), history of Thuringia
• Pieter Geyl (1887–1966), Dutch
• Ghulam Muhammad Ghobar (1897–1978), Afghanistan
• Wilhelm von Giesebrecht (1814–1889), Germany, medieval history
• Lawrence Henry Gipson (1882–1970), British Empire before 1775
• Arthur Giry (1848–1899), diplomacy
• Gustave Glotz (1862–1935), ancient Greece
• George Peabody Gooch (1873–1968), modern diplomacy
• Herman Gorter (1864–1927), political history, classical
• Emma Graf (1865–1926), Swiss women
• Heinrich Graetz (1817–1891), Jewish history
• Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937), Italy, political history, social history, cultural history, history of philosophy
• Timofey Granovsky (1813–1855), medieval Germany
• Elizabeth Caroline Gray (1800–1887), Etruscan history
• John Richard Green (1837–1883), English
• Mary Anne Everett Green (1818–1895), English
• Arthur Griffiths (1838–1908), military history
• Ioseb Grishashvili (1889–1965), Georgian literature
• Lionel Groulx (1878–1967), Quebec
• René Grousset (1885–1952), Oriental history
• James Guillaume (1844–1916), labor history
• Guo Moruo (郭沫若) (1892–1978), China

H

• Élie Halévy (1870–1937), modern Britain
• Louis Halphen (1880–1950), Middle Ages
• Clarence H. Haring (1885–1960), Latin American history
• Mary Dormer Harris (1867–1936), medieval
• B. H. Liddell Hart (1895–1970), military
• Charles H. Haskins (1870–1937), medieval
• Henri Hauser (1866–1946), French historian, economist, geographer
• Julien Havet (1853–1893), Middle Ages
• Paul Hazard (1878–1944), modern France
• Eli Heckscher (1879–1954), Swedish economic historian
• John Donald Hicks (1890–1972), American politics
• Auguste Himly (1823–1906), French history and geography
• Otto Hintze (1861–1940), German
• Serafima Hopner (1880–1966), Soviet
• Max Horkheimer (1895–1973), social history, cultural history, political history
• Mihály Horváth (1809–1878), Hungary
• Henry Hoyle Howorth (1842–1923), British historian and geologist
• Mykhailo Hrushevsky (1866–1934), Ukrainian history
• Hu Sheng (1918–2000), Chinese
• Johan Huizinga (1872–1945), Dutch historian, author of Waning of the Middle Ages

I

• Ibn Zaydan (1873–1946), Moroccan historian
• Dmitry Ilovaisky (1832–1920), Russian history
• Marilla Baker Ingalls (1828–1902), Burmese missionary and historian
• Harold Innis (1894–1952), Canadian economic history

J

• Mohammed ibn Jaafar al-Kattani (1858–1927), Moroccan
• Muhammad Jaber Āl Safa (also spelled Jabir Al Safa) (1875–1945), history of the Levant and the Middle East
• William James (1780–1827), historian of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars
• Ivane Javakhishvili (1876–1940), Georgian historian
• Arthur Johnson (1845–1927), historian at the University of Oxford
• Ellen Jørgensen (1877–1948), Danish historian and historiographer

K

• Sargis Kakabadze (1886–1967), Georgia, Middle Ages
• Samuel Kamakau (1815–1876), Hawaiian historian
• Adrian Kashchenko (1858–1921), Ukrainian historian
• Konstantin Kavelin (1818–1885), Russian historian, history of Russian laws
• Hajime Kawakami (1879–1946), Japan, economic history, political history
• Eckart Kehr (1902–1933), Germany, social history, economic history
• Korneli Kekelidze (1879–1962), Georgian literature
• François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann (1802–1868), French political historian
• Hans Kelsen (1881–1973), legal
• Philip Moore Callow Kermode (1855–1932), Manx crosses and runic inscriptions
• Alexander William Kinglake (1809–1891), works on the Crimean War
• William Kingsford (1819–1898), Canadian
• Vasily Klyuchevsky (1841–1911), Russian history
• Vilhelm Knorin (1890–1939), political history
• David Knowles (1896–1974), English medieval
• Lilian Knowles (1870–1926), English economic historian
• Dudley Wright Knox (1877–1960), US naval historian
• Ludwig von Köchel (1800–1877), writer, botanist and music historian
• Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891), Romanian
• Hans Kohn (1891–1971), European nationalism
• Nikodim Kondakov (1844–1925), Byzantine art
• Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, also known as Köprülüzade Mehmed Fuad (1890–1966), Turkish historian
• Yannis Kordatos (1891–1961), ancient, Byzantine history and modern Greece
• Myron Korduba (1876–1947), Ukraine
• Karl Korsch (1886–1961), Germany, political history
• Mykola Kostomarov (1817–1885), Russian and Ukrainian history
• Peter Kropotkin (1842–1921), economics, sociology and political history
• Godefroid Kurth (1847–1916), Belgian historian
• Otto Kuusinen (1881–1964), Finland, political history, literary history

L

• Leonard Woods Labaree (1897–1980), editor of the Benjamin Franklin papers
• Harold Lamb (1892–1962), US
• Karl Lamprecht (1856–1915), German art and economic history
• William L. Langer (1896–1977), US historian, world and diplomatic history
• Johann Martin Lappenberg (1794–1865), German medieval historian
• John Knox Laughton (1830–1915), British naval historian
• Ernest Lavisse (1842–1922), French history
• William Edward Hartpole Lecky (1838–1903), England and Ireland
• Georges Lefebvre (1874–1959), French Revolution
• Elisabeth Lemke (1849–1925) German history
• Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924), labor, political history, cultural history, philosophy of history, economic history, social history, history of philosophy
• Anna Lewis (1885–1961), southwestern US
• Liang Qichao (梁啓超, 1873–1929), Chinese and Western history and historiography
• John Edward Lloyd (1861–1947), Welshness
• Ferdinand Lot (1866–1952), Middle Ages
• John Lord (1810–1894), Middle Ages, ancient history, historical survey
• Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (1873–1962), intellectual history
• Arthur R. M. Lower (1889–1988), Canadian
• Emil Ludwig (1881–1948), Germany, modern Europe
• György Lukács (1885–1971), history of literature, art history and philosophy of history
• Nikolai Lukin (1885–1940), France, Germany, economic history
• Rosa Luxemburg (1871–1919), social history, political history

M

• Thomas Macaulay (1800–1859), British
• R. B. McCallum (1898–1973) British
• J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), Scottish
• William Archibald Mackintosh (1895–1970), Canadian economic
• Alfred Thayer Mahan (1840–1914), naval
• Frederic William Maitland (1850–1906), English legal, medieval
• Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1888–1980), Indian history
• Edgar J. March (1897–1971) British maritime history
• Herbert Marcuse (1898–1979), social history, cultural history, political history
• José Carlos Mariátegui (1894–1930), Latin America, Peru, political history, economic history, history of philosophy
• J. A. R. Marriott (1859–1945), modern Britain and Europe
• Karl Marx (1818–1883), European society and economy
• Albert Mathiez (1874–1932), French Revolution
• Franz Mehring (1846–1919), political history, history of philosophy
• Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954), German intellectual and cultural
• Krste Misirkov (1874–1926), Macedonian philologist, journalist, historian, folklorist and ethnographer
• Auguste Molinier (1851–1904), Middle Ages
• Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903), Roman Empire
• Alfred Morel-Fatio (1850–1924), Spain
• Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), naval, American colonial
• John Lothrop Motley (1814–1877), the Netherlands
• Lewis Mumford (1895–1988), cities

N

• Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960), 18th-century British and 20th-century diplomatic history
• Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Nasiri (1835–1897), Moroccan
• J. E. Neale (1890–1975), Elizabethan England
• Theodor Neubauer (1890–1945), Germany, political history
• Allan Nevins (1890–1971), US political and business; Civil War; biography
• A. P. Newton (1873–1942), British Empire
• Nikolai Nikolsky, (1877–1959), Oriental studies, religious
• Stojan Novaković (1842–1915), Serbian

O

• Charles Oman (1860–1946), 19th-century military
• Herbert L. Osgood (1855–1918), American colonial

P

• K. M. Panikkar (1895–1963), Indian historian
• Anna Pankratova (1897–1957), Soviet Union
• Anton Pannekoek (1873–1960), history of astronomy
• Cesare Paoli (1840–1902), Italian history
• Gaston Paris (1839–1903), Middle Ages
• Jane Marsh Parker (1836–1913), US history
• Francis Parkman (1823–1893), colonial North America
• Herbert Paul (1853–1935), 19th-century UK
• Henry Francis Pelham (1846–1907), Roman
• Arvīds Pelše (1899–1983), political history
• Samuel W. Pennypacker (1843–1916), Pennsylvania history
• Dexter Perkins (1889–1984), US history
• David Pietrusza (1949–), US history
• Ivy Pinchbeck (1898–1982), English women and children
• Henri Pirenne (1862–1935), Belgian and medieval European history
• Sergey Platonov (1860–1933), Russian
• Mikhail Pokrovsky (1868–1932), economics and Soviet history
• Karl Polanyi (1886–1964), economic history
• Albert Pollard (1869–1948), Tudor England
• Delia Lyman Porter (1858–1933), US history
• Datto Vaman Potdar (1890–1979), Indian historian
• Eileen Power (1889–1940), Middle Ages
• F. M. Powicke (1879–1963), English medieval
• H. F. M. Prescott (1896–1972), biographer of Mary I of England and medieval history
• Adam Próchnik (1892–1942), Poland, French Revolution, social history

Q

• Jules Quicherat (1814–1882), Middle Ages

R

• Christian Rakovsky (1873–1941), political history
• David Riazanov (1893–1974), political history and history of philosophy
• William Pember Reeves (1870–1938), New Zealand
• Pierre Renouvin (1893–1974), diplomatic historian
• Herbert Richmond (1871–1946), British naval
• James Riker (1822–1889), New York
• B. H. Roberts (1857–1933), Mormon
• James Harvey Robinson (1863–1936), European
• James Rodway (1848–1926), British Guiana
• Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), US west and naval history
• John Holland Rose (1855–1942), modern Europe, Britain and France
• Arthur Rosenberg (1889–1943), Imperial Germany, German Republic, political history
• Michael Rostovtzeff (1870–1952), ancient history
• Cecil Roth (1899–1970), Jewish history
• Hans Rothfels (1891–1976), modern German
• Roman Rosdolsky, (1898–1967), Eastern Europe
• M. N. Roy (1887–1954), India, political history, social history
• Isaak Illich Rubin (1886–1937), history of economics
• Sergei Rudenko (1885–1969), Ukraine, Russian archaeology
• Simon Rutar (1851–1903), Slovenian
• Ilarion Ruvarac (1832–1905), Serbian

S

• Abram L. Sachar (1899–1993), modern European history
• Govind Sakharam Sardesai (1865–1959), Indian
• Ferenc Salamon (1825–1892), Ottoman Hungary
• Richard G. Salomon (1884–1966), medieval and church
• Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957), Italy
• Jadunath Sarkar (1870–1958), history of India
• George Sarton (1884–1956), history of science
• Gustave Schlumberger (1844–1929), French
• Otto Seeck (1850–1921), German
• John Robert Seeley (1834–1895), British Empire
• J. Salwyn Schapiro (1879–1973), fascism
• Arthur Schlesinger, Sr. (1888–1965), US social history
• Gershom Scholem (1897–1982), Jewish mysticism
• Moses Schorr (1874–1941), Polish-Jewish
• Albert Schreiner (1892–1979), Germany
• W. C. Sellar (1898–1951), co-author of 1066 and All That
• Victor Serge (1890–1947), Russia
• Ekaterina Shchepkina (1854–1938), Russia
• Andrey Shestakov, (1877–1941), Soviet history, agriculture
• Shin Chaeho (신채호, 1880–1936), Korean
• Adam Shortt (1859–1931), Canadian
• Endre Sík (1891–1978), Hungary
• Charlotte Fell Smith (1851–1937), English early modern
• Goldwin Smith (1823–1910), British and Canadian
• Justin Harvey Smith (1857–1930), Mexican–American War
• Sergey Solovyov (1820–1879), Russian historian
• Werner Sombart (1863–1941), Germany, economic history
• Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), world; The Decline of the West
• Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (1878–1953), labor, political history, economic history
• Stanoje Stanojević (1874–1937), Serbia
• Wickham Steed (1871–1956), Eastern Europe
• Moritz Steinschneider (1816–1907), Jewish studies and Jewish history
• Frank Stenton (1880–1967), English medieval
• Doris Mary Stenton (1894–1971), English medieval
• Floyd Benjamin Streeter (1888–1956), Kansas, American West
• Dirk Jan Struik (1894–2000), history of mathematics
• William Stubbs (1825–1902), English law
• Alexander Svanidze (1886–1941), Ancient
• László Szalay (1813–1864), Hungarian historian

T

• Hippolyte Taine (1828–1893), French Revolution
• Frank Bigelow Tarbell (1853–1920), ancient art history
• Yevgeny Tarle (1874–1955), Russian historian
• Angelo Tasca (1892–1960), Italy, political history
• A. Wyatt Tilby (1880–1948), Britain, The English People Overseas
• Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859), France
• Zeki Velidi Togan (1890–1970), Turkic history
• Zacharias Topelius (1818–1898)
• Dona Torr (1883–1957), political history, social history, cultural history
• Thomas Frederick Tout (1855–1929), England
• Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975), world history, A Study of History
• Heinrich Gotthard von Treitschke (1834–1896), German historian and nationalist
• George Macaulay Trevelyan (1876–1962), British
• Leon Trotsky (1879–1940), Soviet
• Mikheil Tsereteli (1878–1965), Georgian historian
• Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932), US frontier
• Renáta Tyršová (1854–1937), Czech ethnography and art history

U

• Frank Underhill (1889–1971), Canadian

V

• Alfred Vagts (1892–1986), Germany, military
• Paul Vinogradoff (1854–1925), medieval England
• Vyacheslav Volgin (1879–1962), communism

W

• Annie Russell Wall (1835–1920), English historian
• Spencer Walpole (1839–1907), English historian
• Max Weber (1864–1920), social history, history of religion, economic history
• Charles Webster (1886–1961), British diplomatic history
• Curt Weibull (1886–1991), Swedish historian
• Lauritz Weibull (1873–1960), Swedish historian
• Spenser Wilkinson (1853–1937), Britain, military historian
• Mary Wilhelmine Williams (1878–1944), Latin America
• James A. Williamson (1886–1964), Britain, maritime historian and historian of exploration
• Esmé Cecil Wingfield-Stratford (1882–1971), England
• Justin Winsor (1831–1897), America, Narrative and Critical History of America
• Carl Frederick Wittke (1892–1971), US ethnics
• Ernest Llewellyn Woodward (1890–1971), British history and international relations
• Muriel Hazel Wright (1889–1975), Oklahoma, Native Americans
• George MacKinnon Wrong (1860–1948), Canadian

Y

• Yemelyan Yaroslavsky (1878–1943), Soviet Union
• Yi Byeongdo (이병도, 1896–1989), Korea

Z

• Nicolas Zafra (1892–1979), Philippines
• Mao Zedong (1893–1976), China, labor, economic history, political history, cultural history
• Johann Kaspar Zeuss (1806–1856), Celts
• Faddei Zielinski (1859–1944), ancient Greece

A

• Raouf Abbas (1939–2008), Egyptian
• Irving Abella (1940–2022), Canadian
• Aberjhani (born 1957), African American, Harlem Renaissance, literary
• Ervand Abrahamian (born 1940), Iran
• Perseu Abramo (1929–1996), Brazil, social history
• David Abulafia (born 1949), Mediterranean
• Omar Acha (born 1971), Argentina
• Erwin Ackerknecht (1906–1988), cultural history, social history
• Ezequiel Adamovsky (born 1971), Argentina
• Donald Adamson (1939–2024), Britain
• Theodor Adorno (1903–1969), cultural history, social history
• Teodoro Agoncillo (1912–1985), Philippines
• Donald Akenson (born 1941), Irish
• Risto Alapuro (1944–2022), Finland
• Dean C. Allard (1933–2018), US naval
• Robert C. Allen (born 1947), British economy
• James S. Allen (1906–1986), America
• Gar Alperovitz (born 1936), America, Hiroshima
• Romano Alquati (1935–2010), Italy, labor history, political history
• Louis Althusser (1918–1990), history of philosophy, political history, philosophy of history
• Ida Altman (born 1950), America, colonial Spain and Latin America
• Mor Altshuler (born 1957), Hasidism, Kabbalism, and Jewish messianism
• Abbas Amanat (born 1947) Iran, America
• Stephen Ambrose (1936–2002), World War II, U.S. political
• Mahdi Amel (1936–1987), Lebanon
• Samir Amin (1931–2018), history of economics, political history, social history
• Yoshihiko Amino (1928–2004), Japan
• Henri Amouroux (1920–2007), French, Nazi occupation of France
• Atholl Anderson (born 1943), New Zealand
• Benedict Anderson (1936–2015), Southeast Asia, intellectual and political history
• Perry Anderson (born 1938), British and European
• Pavao Anđelić (1920–1985) Bosnian and Yugoslav archaeologist and historian
• Joyce Appleby (1929–2016), U.S. early national
• Herbert Aptheker (1915–2003), African-American
• Leonie Archer (born 1955), England
• Giulio Carlo Argan (1909–1992), Italian art
• Philippe Ariès (1914–1984), French medieval, childhood
• Karen Armstrong (born 1944), British religious
• Andrea Aromatico (born 1966), Italian esotericism and Hermetic iconography
• Leonard J. Arrington (1917–1999), America, Mormons
• Thomas Asbridge (born 1969), Crusades
• Maurice Ashley (1907–1994), 17th-century England
• Steven Attewell (1984–2024), public policy in 20th-century America
• Paul Avrich (1931–2006), Russian, the Anarchist movement
• Gerald Aylmer (1926–2000), 17th-century England
• Ali Azaykou (1942–2004), Moroccan
• Eiichiro Azuma (born 1966), US, Japan

B

• Alain Badiou (born 1937), history of philosophy
• Nigel Bagnall (1927–2002), Ancient Rome, Greece
• Bernard Bailyn (1922–2020), early America; Atlantic
• Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli (1900–1975), archaeology and art history
• Sergio Bagú (1911–2002), Argentina, economic history
• David E. Barclay (born 1948), German
• Juliet Barker (born 1958), late Middle Ages, literary biography
• Frank Barlow (1911–2009), medieval biography
• Linda Diane Barnes (living), US
• Geoffrey Barraclough (1908–1984), Germany, world
• G.W.S. Barrow (1924–2013), Scotland
• Walter Bartel (1904–1992), German political history
• H. Arnold Barton (1929–2016), Scandinavia
• Paul R. Bartrop (born 1955), Holocaust, genocide
• Jacques Barzun (1907–2012), cultural
• Jorge Basadre (1903–1980), Peru
• Leôncio Basbaum (1907–1969), Brazil
• Hanna Batatu (1926–2000), Palestinian, modern Iraq
• Jean Baudrillard (1929–2007), France, political history, economic history
• K. Jack Bauer (1926–1987), U.S. naval, military, and maritime
• Roland Bauer (1928–2017), Germany, political history
• Yehuda Bauer (1926–2024), Holocaust
• Angelica Bäumer (1932–2025), Art
• Stephen B. Baxter (1929–2020), late 17th – early 18th-century English
• David Bebbington (born 1949), Evangelicalism
• Antony Beevor (born 1946), World War II
• David Bell (living), Early Modern France, cultural history
• James Belich (born 1956), New Zealand
• Esther Benbassa (born 1950), Jewish history
• Abdelmajid Benjelloun (born 1944), Morocco
• Laurence Bergreen (born 1950), biography
• Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997), ideas
• Rowland Berthoff (1921–2001), American culture
• Giuseppe Berti (1901–1979), Italy, political history
• Michael Beschloss (born 1955), Cold War
• Juliette Bessis, (1925–2017), Tunisia
• Nicholas Bethell (1938–2007), Soviet
• Charles Bettelheim (1913–2006), political history, economic history
• Robert Bickers (born 1964), modern China and colonialism
• Judith Binney (1940–2011), New Zealand
• Anthony Birley (1937–2020), Ancient Rome
• Yael Bitrán (born 1965), musicology
• David Blackbourn (born 1949), German
• Robin Blackburn (born 1940), social history
• Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930), Australian
• Lesley Blanch (1904–2007), English
• Gisela Bock (born 1942), German feminist
• Sandra Boehringer (born 1972), Gender and sexuality
• Brian Bond (1936–2025), British military
• Chrystelle Trump Bond (1938–2020), US dance historian
• Robert Bonfil (born 1937), Jewish history
• Daniel J. Boorstin (1914–2004), US
• Georges Bordonove (1920–2007), France
• Alfredo Bosi (1936–2021), Brazilian literature
• John Boswell (1947–1994), medievalist
• Robert Bothwell (born 1944), Canada
• Gérard Bouchard (born 1943), Canada
• Fay Bound Alberti (born 1971), histories of medicine, emotions, the body
• Joanna Bourke (born 1963), military
• Steven Bowman, Jewish history
• Paul S. Boyer (1935–2012), US morality
• Karl Dietrich Bracher (1922–2016), modern German
• Jim Bradbury (1937–2023), Middle Ages
• James C. Bradford (born 1944), US naval
• David Brading (1936–2024), Mexican history
• William Brandon (1914–2002), American West
• Ray Brassier (born 1965), philosophical history
• Fernand Braudel (1902–1985), world, Mediterranean
• Ahron Bregman (born 1958), Arab-Israeli conflict
• Michael Brenner (born 1964), Jewish history
• Robert Brenner (born 1943), US history, economic history, agriculture
• Bridget Brereton (born 1946), Trinidad and Tobago
• Holly Brewer (born 1964), early American history
• Carl Bridenbaugh (1903–1992), American colonial
• Asa Briggs (1921–2016), British social history
• Alan Brinkley (1949–2019), American 1930s
• David Brody (born 1930), American labor
• Timothy Brook (born 1951), China
• Martin Broszat (1926–1989), Nazi Germany
• Pierre Broué (1926–2005), Trotskyism
• Gregory S. Brown (born 1968), early-modern French history, cultural history
• Peter Brown (born 1935), medieval
• Christopher Browning (born 1944), Holocaust
• Aleks Buda (1910–1993), Albania
• Nikolai Bugay (born 1941), Soviet Union
• Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1902–1982), Brazil
• Alan Bullock (1914–2004), 1940s, Hitler studies
• Colin Bundy (born 1944), South Africa
• Peter Burke (born 1937), modern period, cultural history
• Michael Burlingame (born 1941), Abraham Lincoln
• J. P. T. Bury (1908–1987), modern France
• Briton C. Busch (1936–2004), British diplomatic and US maritime
• Richard Bushman (born 1931), US colonial and Mormon
• Jon Butler (born 1940), US religion
• Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979), historiography

C

• Xiao Chua (born 1984), Filipino history
• Sima Ćirković (1929–2009) Yugoslav and Serbian historian
• Amílcar Cabral (1924–1973), Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, social history, political history
• Claude Cahen (1909–1991), Islamic Middle Ages, social history
• Angus Calder (1942–2008), World War II
• Alice Piffer Canabrava (1911–2003), Brazil
• Philip L. Cantelon (born 1940), US
• Andrea Carandini (born 1937), Ancient Rome
• Peter Carey (born 1948), Indonesia
• Edison Carneiro (1912–1972), Brazil, Afro-Brazilian, political history, cultural history
• Julio Caro Baroja (1914–1995), anthropologist
• Sir Raymond Carr (1919–2015), Spain and Latin America
• Richard Carrier (born 1969), ancient Rome; history of philosophy, science and religion
• Paul Cartledge (born 1947), classicist
• José Murilo de Carvalho (1939–2023), Brazil
• Lionel Casson (1914–2009), classicist
• Cornelius Castoriadis (1922–1997), social history, political history and philosophy of history
• Boris Celovsky (1923–2008), Czech-German relations
• David G. Chandler (1934–2004), British historian specializing in Napoleonic history
• Bipan Chandra (1928–2014), modern India
• Iris Chang (1968–2004), China
• Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975), maritime
• François Châtelet, (1925–1985), philosophical history
• Maher Charif (living), Arabic intellectual history and political movements
• Yevhen Chernenko (1934–2007), Ukrainian archaeology
• Louis Chevalier (1911–2001), France
• Alexander Campbell Cheyne (1924–2006), Scotland
• Vivek Chibber (born 1965), social history, historical sociology
• Thomas Childers (born 1976), war and society, both world wars
• Satyabrata Rai Chowdhuri (1935–2016), India
• I. R. Christie (1919–1998), Britain
• Robert M. Citino (born 1958), US military historian of Europe
• Alan Clark (1928–1999), both world wars
• Christopher Clark (born 1960), Prussia
• J. C. D. Clark (born 1951), British
• Manning Clark (1915–1991), Australia
• Oliver Edmund Clubb (1901–1989), China
• Yolande Cohen (born 1950), youth, women, Moroccan Jews
• Patrick Collinson (1929–2011), Elizabethan England and Puritanism
• Ann Gorman Condon (1936–2001), Canada
• Robert Conquest (1917–2015), Russia
• Margaret Conrad (born 1946), Canada
• Martin Conway (born 1960), British scholar of European history
• John Milton Cooper (born 1940), Woodrow Wilson
• Peter Cottrell (born 1964), Anglo-Irish
• Jeremy Cowan (1923–2013), Southeast Asia
• Mario Coyula Cowley (1935–2014), Cuban architecture
• Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005), German and diplomatic
• Catherine Crary (1909–1974), American Revolution
• Donald Creighton (1902–1979), Canadian
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011), European and art history
• William Cronon (born 1954), US environmental
• Pamela Kyle Crossley (born 1955), China
• Roger Crowley (born 1951), Mediterranean Sea; Portuguese empire
• Dan Cruickshank (born 1949), Britain, architecture
• Robert M. Crunden (1940–1999), US cultural
• Gemma Cruz (born 1943), Rizaliana, Philippines
• Álvaro Cunhal (1913–2005), Portugal, political history
• Barry Cunliffe (born 1939), archaeology
• Bruce Cumings (born 1943), East Asia, Korea
• Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui (born 1949), Bolivia

D

• Vahakn N. Dadrian (1926–2019), Armenia
• Robert Dallek (born 1934), 20th-century US presidents
• William Dalrymple (born 1965), Scottish
• David B. Danbom (born 1947), US rural
• Ahmad Hasan Dani (1920–2009), South Asia
• Robert Darnton (born 1939), 18th-century France
• Mahir Darziev (born 1957), Azerbaijan
• Saul David (born 1966), military
• John Davies (1938–2015), Wales
• Norman Davies (born 1939), Poland, Britain
• Kenneth S. Davis (1912–1999), Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Mike Davis (1946–2022), labor history, economic history
• Natalie Zemon Davis (1928–2023), early-modern France, film
• R. H. C. Davis (1918–1991), Middle Ages
• Lucy Dawidowicz (1915–1990), Holocaust
• David Day (born 1949), Australia
• Renzo De Felice (1929–1996), Italian fascism
• Guy Debord (1931–1994), cultural history, social history
• Carl N. Degler (1921–2014), US
• Len Deighton (born 1929), British military
• Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995), history of philosophy
• Esther Delisle (born 1954), French-Canadian
• Jean Delumeau (1923–2020), Catholic Church
• Jacques Derrida (1930–2004), social history, history of philosophy
• Marcel Detienne (1935–2019), ancient Greece
• Alexandre Deulofeu (1903–1978), Catalan
• Isaac Deutscher (1907–1967), Soviet
• T. M. Devine (Tom Devine) (born 1945), Scottish
• Wu Di (吴迪, born 1951), China
• Igor M. Diakonov (1914–1999), ancient Near East
• Hasia Diner (1946-), American-Jewish
• Arif Dirlik (1940–2017), China, economic history, cultural history
• Farrell Dobbs (1907–1983), Political history
• Jay P. Dolan (1936–2023), American Catholics
• David Herbert Donald (1920–2009), American Civil War
• Gordon Donaldson (1913–1993), Scotland
• Susan Doran (living), Elizabethan England
• Elisabeth Joan Doyle (1922–2009), 19th-century American and British history
• William Doyle (born 1932), French Revolution
• Hal Draper (1914–1990), political history, history of marxism
• Laurent Dubois (born 1971), Haiti
• Georges Duby (1924–1996), Middle Ages
• William S. Dudley (born 1936), US naval
• Eamon Duffy (born 1947), 15th–17th-century religious
• Hermann Walther von der Dunk (1928–2018), 20th-century Dutch and German
• Mary Maples Dunn (1931–2017), early American, women's history
• Richard Slator Dunn (1928–2022), early American, slavery
• A. Hunter Dupree (1921–2019), US science and technology
• Trevor Dupuy (1916–1995), military
• Jean-Baptiste Duroselle (1917–1994), French diplomacy
• Enrique Dussel (1934–2023), Latin America
• Harold James Dyos (1921–1978), British urban

E

• Terry Eagleton (born 1943), political history, art history, cultural history
• Robert Dudley Edwards (1909–1988), Ireland
• Elizabeth Eisenstein (1923–2016), French Revolution, printing
• Geoff Eley (born 1949), German
• Mircea Eliade (1907–1986), history of religion
• John Elliott (1930–2022), Spanish
• Joseph J. Ellis (born 1943), early US
• David Eltis, transatlantic slave trade
• Geoffrey Elton (1921–1994), Tudor England
• Peter Englund (born 1957), Sweden
• Robert Malcolm Errington (born 1939), Britain
• Gøsta Esping-Andersen (born 1947), Denmark, social history
• Richard J. Evans (born 1947), German social
• Alf Evers (1905–2004), America

F

• Frantz Fanon (1925–1961), history of colonialism
• Esther Farbstein (born 1946), Israeli, Holocaust
• Grahame Farr (1912–1983), maritime, south-west England
• Brian Farrell (1929–2014), Ireland
• Boris Fausto (1930–2023), Brazil
• John Lister Illingworth Fennell (1918–1992), medieval Russia
• Niall Ferguson (born 1964), military, business, imperial
• Halima Ferhat (born 1941), Middle Ages of the Maghreb
• Božidar Ferjančić (1929–1998), medieval
• Florestan Fernandes (1920–1995), Brazil, social history, political history
• Robert H. Ferrell (1921–2018), US history, US presidency, World War I, US foreign policy and diplomacy, Harry S. Truman
• Marc Ferro (1924–2021), World War I
• Sérgio Ferro (born 1938), architecture
• Joachim Fest (1926–2006), Nazi Germany
• David Feuerwerker (1912–1980), Jewish
• Heinrich Fichtenau (1912–2000), medieval, diplomacy
• David Kenneth Fieldhouse (1925–2018), British Empire
• Federico Brito Figueroa (1921–2000), Venezuela
• Orlando Figes (born 1957), Russian
• Robert O. Fink (1905–1988), classical
• Norman Finkelstein (born 1953), Israel, Palestine
• Moses Finley (1912–1986), ancient, especially economic
• Edith Firth (1927–2005), early Toronto, art
• David Hackett Fischer (born 1935), American Revolution, cycles
• Fritz Fischer (1908–1999), Germany
• Frances FitzGerald (born 1940), Vietnam, history textbooks
• Sheila Fitzpatrick (born 1941), Soviet Union
• Judith Flanders (born 1959), Victorian British social
• Simha Flapan (1911–1987), Israel
• Robin Fleming (born 1950s), medieval Britain
• David Flusser (1917–2000), early Christianity and Second Temple Judaism
• Robert Fogel (1926–2013), US economic, cliometrics
• Eric Foner (born 1943), Reconstruction
• Neil Foley (born 1965), US ethnic and racial history
• Philip S. Foner (1910–1994), US history, political history, labor history
• Shelby Foote (1916–2005), American Civil War
• Amanda Foreman (born 1968), Georgian England, American Civil War, women's history
• John Belllamy Foster (born 1953), political history, history of economics
• Michel Foucault (1926–1984), ideas
• Jo Fox (living), 20th-century film and propaganda
• Robin Lane Fox (born 1946), ancient
• Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941–2007), US South, cultural and social, women
• Andre Gunder Frank (1929–2005), Latin America, economic history, agriculture
• Walter Frank (1905–1945), Nazi historian
• H. Bruce Franklin (1934–2024), Vietnam War
• Antonia Fraser (born 1932), England
• Frank Freidel (1916–1993), Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Olival Freire Jr. (born 1954), history of physics
• Joseph Friedenson (1922–2013), Holocaust
• Henry Friedlander (1930–2012), Holocaust
• Saul Friedländer (born 1932), Holocaust
• Sheppard Frere (1916–2015), anthropologist, Roman Empire
• David Fromkin (1932–2017), Middle East
• Francis Fukuyama (born 1955), world
• Bruno Fuligni (born 1968), French history
• Amos Funkenstein (1937–1995), Jewish history
• François Furet (1927–1997), French Revolution

G

• Femme Gaastra (born 1945), Dutch
• John Lewis Gaddis (born 1941), Cold War
• Alberto Flores Galindo (1949–1990), Peru
• Lloyd Gardner (born 1934), US diplomatic
• Delphine Gardey (born 1967), gender and science
• Robert Garland (born 1947), classical history
• Edwin Gaustad (1923–2011), religion in America
• Peter Gay (1923–2015), psycho-history, Age of Enlightenment and 19th-century social
• Eugene Genovese (1930–2012), US South, slavery
• Imanuel Geiss (1931–2012), 19th/20th-century Germany
• François Géré (born 1950), military
• Christian Gerlach (born 1963), Holocaust
• N.H. Gibbs (1910–1990), military
• William Gibson (born 1959), ecclesiastical history
• Martin Gilbert (1936–2015), Holocaust
• Adolfo Gilly (1928–2023), Latin America, political history
• Carlo Ginzburg (1939–2026), social history
• Martin Glaberman (1918–2001), US society and political history
• Jan Glete (1947–2009), Swedish
• Elizaveta I. Gnevusheva (1916–1994), Dutch India
• Vitorino Magalhães Godinho (1930–2016), Portugal, social history, economic history
• Eric F. Goldman (1916–1989), 20th-century US
• Lucien Goldmann (1913–1970), Social history, history of philosophy
• James Goldrick (1958–2023), Australian
• Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969), ancient history
• David Hamilton Golland (born 1971), 20th-century US civil rights, public policy, labor
• Guillermo Gómez (born 1936), Philippine history
• Brison D. Gooch (1925–2014), 19th-century Europe
• Ruth Goodman (born 1963), early-modern period
• Doris Kearns Goodwin (born 1943), US presidential
• Andrew Gordon (born 1951), British naval history
• Yefim Gorodetsky (1907–1993), Soviet history
• Svetlana Gorshenina (born 1969), Central Asian history
• Kurt Gossweiler (1917–2017), economics of fascism
• Lewis L. Gould (born 1939), US presidents and first ladies
• Gerald S. Graham (1903–1988), British imperial
• Jack Granatstein (born 1939), Canada
• Michael Grant (1914–2004), ancient
• Abigail Green British historian of modern Europe
• Peter Green (1924–2024), ancient
• Vivian H.H. Green (1915–2005), Christianity
• John Robert Greene (born 1955), US presidency
• Roger D. Griffin (born 1948), fascism, political, and religious fanaticism
• Ramón Grosfoguel (born 1956), Puerto Rico, colonial history
• Boris Grushin (1929–2007), political history
• Serge Gruzinski (born 1949), Latin America
• Ramachandra Guha (born 1958), India, environment
• Ranajit Guha (1923–2023), Indian
• Lev Gumilyov (1912–1992), Soviet
• Gunnar Gunnarson (1918–2002), Sweden
• Oliver Gurney (1911–2001), Assyria, Hittites
• John Guy (born 1949), Tudor England

H

• Jürgen Habermas (1929–2026), social history
• Rebekka Habermas (1959–2023), historical anthropology
• Irfan Habib (born 1931), India
• Sheldon Hackney (1933–2013), US South
• Kenneth J. Hagan (born 1936), US naval
• John Haldon (born 1948), Byzantine Empire
• John Whitney Hall (1916–1997), Japan
• Bruce Barrymore Halpenny (1937–2015), World War II air war
• Orit Halpern, historian and cyberneticist
• Pekka Hämäläinen (born 1967), Native-American history
• N. G. L. Hammond (1907–2001), ancient Greek history
• Nahema Hanafi (born 1983), modern and contemporary history
• Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953), ancient warfare
• Syed Nomanul Haq (born 1948), history and philosophy of science
• Yuval Noah Harari (born 1976), Israeli, military, medieval
• Donna Haraway (born 1944), history of consciousness
• Mohamed Harbi (1933–2026), Algeria
• Antoinette Harrell (born 1960), post-slavery peonage of African-American sharecroppers
• Aroha Harris (born 1963), New Zealand
• Daniel Gibson Harris (1915–2007). Swedish naval
• Dick Harrison (born 1966), Swedish and medieval
• Peter Harrison (born 1955), early modern intellectual
• Edgar Hartwig (born 1928), Germany, political history
• Gerhart Hass (1931–2008), Germany
• Max Hastings (born 1945), military, World War II
• John Hattendorf (born 1941), maritime
• Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995), 17th/18th-century European international
• Georges Haupt (1928–1978), Romania, Hungary, political history, labor history, history of literature
• Denys Hay (1915–1994), medieval and Renaissance Europe
• John Daniel Hayes (1902–1991), US naval
• Peter Hayes (born c. 1947), Holocaust
• Joel Hayward (born 1964), Islamic, maritime, military
• Ingo Heidbrink (born 1968), maritime history, history of technology
• Michael Heinrich (born 1957), philosophy
• Jean van Heijenoort (1912–1986), mathematical logic
• Klaus Hentschel (born 1961), historian of science and of visual cultures
• Ulrich Herbert (born 1951), modern Germany
• Jeffrey Herf (born 1947), Germany, Europe
• Arthur L. Herman (born 1956), America, Britain
• Michael Hicks (born 1948), late-medieval England
• Raul Hilberg (1926–2007), Holocaust
• Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941), 19th/20th-century Germany
• Christopher Hill (1912–2003), 17th-century England
• Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989), 20th-century Germany
• Richard L. Hills (1936–2019), technology
• Rodney Hilton (1916–2002), late-medieval period
• Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019), Britain
• Harry Hinsley (1918–1998), British intelligence, World War II
• Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 1946), 20th-century Germany, World War I, World War II
• Eric Hobsbawm (1917–2012), labour; Marxism
• Thomas Lionel Hodgkin (1910–1982), Africa
• Marshall Hodgson (1922–1968), Islamic
• Peter Hoffmann (1930–2023), national socialism
• Richard Hofstadter (1916–1970), US political
• Richard Hoggart (1918–2014), England, social history
• Hajo Holborn (1902–1969), Germany
• Tom Holland (born 1968), ancient Greece, Rome, Middle Ages
• C. Warren Hollister (1930–1997), Middle Ages
• George Holmes (1927–2009), medieval
• Richard Holmes (1946–2011), military
• Katrina Honeyman (1950–2011), economic
• Ed Hooper (born 1964), Southern Appalachia, Tennessee, Old South
• A. G. Hopkins (born 1938), Britain
• Keith Hopkins (1934–2004), ancient
• Michiel Horn (born 1939), Canada
• Alistair Horne (1925–2017), modern French
• Gerald Horne (born 1949), US history, African-American, political history, labor history
• Daniel Horowitz (born 1954), US cultural
• Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz (born 1942), women
• Albert Hourani (1915–1993), Middle East
• Youssef Hourany (1931–2019), Lebanon, ancient
• François Houtart (1925–2017), France, history of religion, political history
• Michael Howard (1922–2019), military
• Ray Huang (1918–2000), China
• Leo Huberman (1903–1968), political history
• Robert Hughes (1938–2012), Australia, cities
• Marnie Hughes-Warrington (born 1970), historiography, philosophy of history
• Gershon Hundert (1946–2023), Jewish, early-modern Eastern Europe
• Andrew Hunt (born 1968), Cold War America
• Tristram Hunt (born 1974)
• Mark C. Hunter (born 1974), naval
• Paula Hyman (1946–2011), American-Jewish social history

I

• Octavio Ianni (1926–2004), Brazil, labor history, social history
• Moshe Idel (born 1947), Jewish history
• Georg Iggers (German, 1926–2017), modern Europe, historiography, and European intellectual history
• Evald Ilyenkov (1924–1979), history of philosophy
• Halil Inalcik (Turkish, 1916–2016), Ottoman Empire
• Kiyoshi Inoue (Japanese, 1913–2001), modern Japanese history
• Jonathan Israel (British, born 1946), Netherlands, the Age of Enlightenment, Jewry

J

• Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017), Nazi Germany
• John Archibald Getty (1950–2025)
• Julian T. Jackson (born 1954), French
• C. L. R. James (1862–1935), Trinidad/England
• Harold James (born 1956), modern Germany
• Frederic Jameson (1934–2024), social history, cultural history
• Nikoloz Janashia (1931–1982), Georgia and Caucasus
• Simon Janashia (1900–1947), Georgia and Caucasus
• Ea Jansen (1921–2005), Finno-Ugric
• Marius Jansen (1922–2000), Japan
• Pawel Jasienica (1909–1970), Poland
• Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones (born 1942), US intelligence
• Merrill Jensen (1905–1980), American Revolution
• Richard J. Jensen (born 1941), America
• Julio César Jobet (1912–1980), Chile
• Khasnor Johan (born 1968), Malaysian historian
• Paul Johnson (1928–2023), Britain, Western civilization
• Robert Erwin Johnson (1923–2008), US naval
• Mauno Jokipii (1924–2007), Finnish, World War II
• A. H. M. Jones (1904–1970), later Roman Empire
• George Hilton Jones III (1924–2008), England
• Gwyn Jones (1907–1999), medieval
• Loe de Jong (1914–2005), Netherlands
• Tony Judt (1948–2010), 20th-century European, postwar

K

• Donald Kagan (1932–2021), ancient Greece
• George McTurnan Kahin (1918–2000), Southeast Asia
• Michel Kaplan (born 1946), French Byzantinist
• Efraim Karsh (born 1953), Israel
• Sartono Kartodirdjo (1921–2007), Indonesia
• David S. Katz (born 1953), early-modern England
• Alex J. Kay (born 1979), Nazi Germany
• Alexander Kazhdan (1922–1997), Bizantine studies
• Anna Keay (born 1974), early-modern England
• Elie Kedourie (1926–1992), Middle East
• Rod Kedward (1937–2023), 20th-century France
• John Keegan (1934–2012), military
• Robin Kelley (born 1962), US history, African-American, political history
• John H. Kemble (1912–1990), US maritime
• Paul Murray Kendall (1911–1973), late Middle Ages
• Elizabeth Topham Kennan (born 1938), medieval
• George F. Kennan (1904–2005), US–Soviet relations
• James Kennedy (born 1963), Netherlands
• Paul Kennedy (born 1945), world, military
• W. Hudson Kensel (1928–2014), western America
• Ian Kershaw (born 1943), Nazi Germany, Hitler
• Daniel J. Kevles (born 1939), science
• Rashid Khalidi (born 1948), Palestine
• Khan Roshan Khan (1914–1988), Pakistan
• Khoo Kay Kim (1937–2019), Malaysia
• Kim Jung-bae (born 1940), Korea
• Michael King (1945–2004), New Zealand
• Patrick Kinross (1904–1976), Ottoman Empire
• Maina wa Kinyatti (born 1944), Kenya
• Pierre Kipré (born 1945), Ivory Coast
• Henry Kissinger (1923–2023), 19th-century Europe; late 20th-century
• Martin Kitchen (born 1936), modern Europe
• Simon Kitson (born c. 1967), Vichy France
• Klemens von Klemperer (1916–2012), Germany
• Oleg Khlevniuk (born 1959), Soviet Union
• Alfred Klahr (1904–1944), Austria
• Fritz Klein (historian) (1924–2011), Germany, political history
• Matti Klinge (1936–2023), Finnish
• Felix Klos (born 1992), American/Dutch, modern European
• R.J.B. Knight (born 1944), British naval
• Yuri Knorozov (1922–1999), historical linguist
• Leo Kofler (1907–1995), Germany, social history
• Frank Kofsky (1935–1997), jazz
• Eberhard Kolb (born 1933), German
• Gabriel Kolko (1932–2014), US
• Claudia Koonz (born 1940), Nazi Germany
• Andrey Korotayev (born 1961), economic, Near East, Islamic and pre-Islamic
• Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi, (1907–1966), India
• Ernst Kossmann (1922–2003), Low Countries
• Conor Kostick (born 1964), medieval
• Stephen Kotkin (born 1959), Russia, Soviet Union
• Philip A. Kuhn (1933–2016), China
• Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996), science
• Robert Kurz (1943–2012), social history, economic history
• Myoma Myint Kywe (1960–2021), Burmese historian, journalist and belletrist

L

• Dubravko Lovrenović (1956–2017) Bosnian and Yugoslav historian
• Benjamin Woods Labaree (1927–2021), U.S. colonial and maritime
• Leopold Labedz (1920–1993), Soviet
• Walter LaFeber (1933–2021), diplomatic, Cold War
• Brij Lal (1952–2021), Fiji
• K. S. Lal (1920–2002), medieval India
• Đinh Xuân Lâm (1925–2017), Vietnam
• Andrew Lambert (born 1956), British naval
• Peter Lampe (born 1954), Hellenistic and late antiquity
• Ricardo Lancaster-Jones y Verea (1905–1983), haciendas in Western Mexico
• Dieter Langewiesche (born 1943), 19th–20th century, nationalism and liberalism
• Abdallah Laroui (born 1933), Maghreb
• David Lavender (1910–2003), American West
• Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014), medieval
• Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1929–2023), French
• Daniel Leab (1936–2016), 20th century
• Eusebio Leal (1942–2020), Cuba
• Robert Leckie (1920–2001), U.S. military
• Henri Lefebvre (1901–1991), France, history of ideas, social history
• Ulrich L. Lehner (born 1976), intellectual and cultural history
• Lee Ki-baek (1924–2004), Korean
• Jill Lepore (born 1966), America
• William Leuchtenburg (1922–2025), U.S. political and legal
• Barbara Levick (1931–2023), Roman emperors
• Moshe Lewin (1921–2010), Russia, Soviet Union
• Bernard Lewis (1916–2018), Oriental studies
• David Levering Lewis (born 1936), African American, Harlem Renaissance
• Li Minqi (born 1969), Chinese, social history, political history
• Li Ao (1935–2018), Chinese
• Raffaele Licinio (1945–2018), medieval Italy
• Marcel Liebman (1929–1986), Marxism
• Peter Linebaugh (born 1942), Atlantic, British history, Irish history, labor history
• Kristen Lippincott (fl. 2026), art and cultural history
• Leon F. Litwack (1929–2021), America, African-American
• Xinru Liu (born 1951), ancient Indian and Chinese
• Mario Liverani (born 1939), ancient Middle East
• David Loades (1934–2016), Tudor England
• Roger Lockyer (1927–2017), Stuart England
• James W. Loewen (1942–2021), America
• Elizabeth Longford (1906–2002), Victorian England
• Erik Lönnroth (1910–2002), Scandinavia
• Walter Lord (1917–2002), America
• Domenico Losurdo (1941–2018), political history
• Michael Löwy (born 1938), Social history, political history
• John Lukacs (1924–2019), modern Europe
• Cesare Luporini (1909–1993), history of philosophy

M

• Achille Mbembe (born 1957), Cameroon
• Joseph A. McCartin (born 1959), American labor
• David McLellan (political scientist) (born 1940), political history, social history
• Charles B. MacDonald (1922–1990), World War II
• Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021), Australia
• Piers Mackesy (1924–2014), British military
• Margaret MacMillan (born 1943), 20th-century international relations
• William Miller Macmillan (1885–1974), liberal South African historiography
• Ramsay MacMullen (1928–2022), Roman
• Heidrun E. Mader (born 1977), 2nd-century BCE – 2nd-century CE
• Magnus Magnusson (1929–2007), Norse
• Charles S. Maier (born 1939), 20th-century Europe
• Paul L. Maier (1930–2025), ancient history
• Pauline Maier (1938–2013), early America
• Leonid Makhnovets (1919–1993), Ukrainian literature
• Leonard Maltin (born 1950), film
• William Manchester (1922–2004), Churchill
• Ernest Mandel (1923–1995), Belgium, economic history
• Golo Mann (1909–1994), general
• Susan Mann (born 1941), Canadian
• Susan L. Mann (born 1943), history of China and women
• Adel Manna (born 1947), Palestine in Ottoman period
• María Emma Mannarelli (born 1954), social
• Philip Mansel (born 1951), France, Ottoman Empire
• Manning Marable (1950–2011), African-American, political history
• Sam Marcy (1911–1998), Political history
• Arthur Marder (1910–1980), British naval
• Ruy Mauro Marini (1932–1997), Latin America and economic history
• Michael Marrus (1941–2022), French and Jewish
• Rev. F. X. Martin (1922–2000), Irish medievalist and campaigner
• Henri-Jean Martin (1924–2007), the Book
• Luis Martínez-Fernández (born 1960), Cuba, the Caribbean
• Laurence Marvin (living), US, French medievalist
• Ezequiel González Mas (1919–2007), Spanish literature
• Timothy Mason (1940–1990), Nazi Germany
• Paul Mattick (1904–1981), Germany, economic history, political history, labor history
• Garrett Mattingly (1900–1962), early modern Europe
• Ernest R. May (1928–2009), 20th-century warfare and international relations
• Richard J. Maybury (born 1946), America, World War I, World War II, Middle East
• Arno J. Mayer (1926–2023), World War I and Europe
• Sarah Maza (born c. 1954), early modern and modern France
• Mark Mazower (born 1958), Balkans, Greece
• Santo Mazzarino (1916–1987), Ancient Rome
• David McCullough (1933–2022), US
• Forrest McDonald (1927–2016), early national America, presidency, business
• K. B. McFarlane (1903–1966), English medievalist
• William S. McFeely (1930–2019), American Civil War
• Randall H. McGuire (born 1951), archaeology
• Maurie McInnis (born 1966), Antebellum art and politics
• W. David McIntyre (1932–2022), Commonwealth, New Zealand
• Neil McKendrick (born 1935), modern economic and social history
• Ross McKibbin (born 1942), 20th-century Britain
• Rosamond McKitterick (born 1949), medieval
• William McNeill (1917–2016), world
• James M. McPherson (born 1936), American Civil War
• Michael McWilliam (born 1933), British Commonwealth
• Jon Meacham (born 1969), US presidency
• D. W. Meinig (1924–2020), US geography
• Giorgi Melikishvili (1918–2002), Georgia, Caucasus, Middle East
• Evaldo Cabral de Mello (born 1936), Dutch Brazil
• Russell Menard (living), colonial American
• Thomas C. Mendenhall (1910–1998), history of sport
• René Zavaleta Mercado (1937–1984), Bolivia
• Josef W. Meri (born 1969), Islamic world, Jews
• John M. Merriman (1946–2022), France
• Barbara Metcalf (born 1941), India
• Roin Metreveli (born 1939), Georgia and Caucasus
• Michael A. Meyer, (1937-), Jewish history
• Rade Mihaljčić (1937–2020), medieval Serbia
• Ralph Miliband (1924–1994), political history, social history
• Perry Miller (1905–1963), US intellectual
• Giles Milton (born 1966), exploration
• Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950), food history and material culture of Central Europe
• Steven Mintz (born 1953), US family
• Yagutil Mishiev (1927–2024), Derbent, Dagestan, Russia
• Arnaldo Momigliano (1908–1987), ancient world
• Hans Mommsen (1930–2015), Germany
• Wolfgang Mommsen (1930–2004), Britain, Germany
• Indro Montanelli (1909–2001) general
• Simon Sebag Montefiore (born 1965), Russia, Middle East
• Theodore William Moody (1907–1984), Ireland
• Harri Moora (1900–1968), Estonian archaeology
• Enrique Ayala Mora (born 1950), Ecuador
• Franco Moretti (born 1950), Italy, literary history
• Edmund Morgan (1916–2013), American colonial and Revolution
• Kenneth O. Morgan (born 1934), British politics, Wales
• William J. Morgan (1917–2003), US naval
• Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), US colonial and naval
• Benny Morris (born 1948), Middle East
• Ian Mortimer (born 1967), Middle Ages
• W.L. Morton (1908–1980), Canada
• George Mosse (1918–1999), German, Jewish, fascist, sexual
• Hans Mottek (1910–1993), Economic history, Germany
• Roland Mousnier (1907–1993), early modern France
• Mubarak Ali (born 1941), Pakistan
• Robert K. Murray (1922–2019), 20th-century US
• David Muskhelishvili (born 1928), Georgia
• David N. Myers (1960-), Jewish history

N

• J. Milton Nance (1913–1997), American writer on the history of Texas
• Hernán Ramírez Necochea (1917–1979), Chile
• Joseph Needham (1900–1995), Chinese science and technology
• Antonio Negri (1933–2023), Political history
• Mark E. Neely Jr. (born 1944), American Civil War
• Malcolm Neesam (1946–2022), history of Harrogate, North Yorkshire, England
• José Paulo Netto (born 1947), Brazil
• Cynthia Neville (living), late medieval, Scotland and England, Gaelic culture
• Thomas Nipperdey (1927–1992), 19th c. German history
• Ernst Nolte (1923–2016), German, fascism and communism

O

• Josiah Ober (living), ancient Greece
• Heiko Oberman (1930–2001), Reformation
• Ambeth Ocampo (born 1961), Philippines
• Tom O'Lincoln, (1947–2023), Australia
• W. H. Oliver (1925–2015), New Zealand
• Robin O'Neil (living), Holocaust
• Neil Oliver (born 1967)
• Jean-Marc Olivier (born 1961), aeronautics
• Vincent O'Malley (born 1967), New Zealand
• Melanie Oppenheimer (living), Australia
• Vincent Orange (1935–2012), military, World War II, aviation
• Michael Oren (born 1955), modern Middle East
• Margaret Ormsby (1909–1996), Canada
• İlber Ortaylı (born 1947), Turkey
• Marius Ostrowski (born 1988), European social democracy
• Fernand Ouellet (1926–2021), French Canada
• Richard Overy (born 1947), World War II
• Steven Ozment (1939–2019), Germany

P

• George Padmore (1903–1959), Africa
• Thomas Pakenham (born 1933), Africa
• Madhavan K. Palat (born 1947), Russia and Europe
• Ilan Pappé (born 1954), Israel
• Michael Parenti (1933–2026), US history, ancient Rome
• Peter Paret (1924–2020), military
• Geoffrey Parker (born 1943), early modern military
• Simo Parpola (born 1943), ancient Middle East
• J. H. Parry (1914–1982), maritime
• T. T. Paterson (1909–1994), archaeologist and sociologist
• Fred Patten (1940–2018), science fiction
• Kurt Pätzold, (1930–2016), Political history, Germany
• Stanley G. Payne (born 1934), Spain, fascism
• Abel Paz (1921–2009), Spanish anarchist
• Brian Pearce (1915–2008),
• William Armstrong Percy (1933–2022), medieval Europe and ancient Greek and Roman, homosexuality
• Bradford Perkins (1925–2008), US diplomatic
• Detlev Peukert (1950–1990), everyday life in the Weimar and Nazi eras
• John Edward Philips (born 1952), Africa
• Đặng Phong (1937–2010), Vietnam, economic history
• Liza Picard (1927–2022), London
• William B. Pickett (born 1940), US history, Dwight D. Eisenhower
• David Pietrusza (born 1949), US
• Boris B. Piotrovsky (1908–1990), Urartu, Scythia
• Richard Pipes (1923–2018), Russian and Soviet
• J.H. Plumb (1911–2001), 18th-century Britain
• J. G. A. Pocock (1924–2023), early modern intellectual
• Boris Ponomarev, (1905–1995), Soviet history
• Kwok Kin Poon (born 1949), Chinese Southern and Northern dynasties
• Barbara Corrado Pope (born 1941), America, Belle Époque, women's studies
• Boris Porshnev, (1905–1972), France
• Roy Porter (1946–2002), medicine, British social and cultural
• Moishe Postone (1942–2018), social history, political history, economic history and intellectual history
• Nikos Poulantzas (1936–1979), political history
• Norman Pounds (1912–2006), geography and England
• Caio Prado Júnior (1907–1990), Brazil
• Gordon W. Prange (1910–1980), World War II Pacific
• Vijay Prashad (born 1967), India, cultural history, political history
• Joshua Prawer (1917–1990), Crusades
• Jean-Claude Pressac (1944–2003), Holocaust
• Michael Prestwich (born 1943), medieval England
• Clement Alexander Price (1945–2014), America
• Francis Paul Prucha (1921–2015), American Indians
• Janko Prunk (born 1942), Slovenia
• Alenka Puhar (born 1945), Slovenia

Q

• Carroll Quigley (1910–1977), classical, western history, theorist of civilizations
• Aníbal Quijano (1930–2018), Peru, colonial history
• Felipe Quispe (1942–2021), Bolivia, economic history

R

• Marc Raeff (1923–2008), Russian Empire
• Alexander Rabinowitch (born 1934), Russia
• Werner Rahn (1939–2022), German naval
• Jack N. Rakove (born 1947), U.S. Constitution and early politics
• Jacques Rancière (born 1940), social history, political history, history of philosophy
• Terence Ranger (1929–2015), Zimbabwe
• Arius Raposas (born 1996), Filipino and Asian history
• Šerbo Rastoder (born 1956), Montenegrin
• George Rawick (1929–1990), US history, slavery
• Marcus Rediker (born 1951), piracy and the Middle Passage
• Helmut Reichelt (born 1939), economic history, social history
• Robert V. Remini (1921–2013), Jacksonian democracy in the U.S.
• René Rémond (1918–2007), French politics
• Francesco Renda, (1922–2013), Sicily
• Timothy Reuter (1947–2002), medieval Germany
• Ofelia Rey Castelao (born 1956), Spanish Galician women
• Henry A. Reynolds (born 1938), Australia
• Susan Reynolds (1929–2021), medieval
• Richard Rhodes (born 1937), World War II, hydrogen bomb
• Nicholas V. Riasanovsky (1923–2011), Russia
• Darcy Ribeiro (1922–1997), Brazil
• Jonathan Riley-Smith (1938–2016), Crusades
• Blaze Ristovski (1931–2018), Macedonia
• Charles Ritcheson (1925–2011), Anglo–US relations 1775–1815
• Gerhard A. Ritter (1929–2015), Germany
• Andrew Roberts (born 1963), Britain
• Geoffrey Roberts (born 1952), World War II, Soviet Union
• J. M. Roberts (1928–2003), Europe
• Jane Robinson (born 1959), women's history
• Nicholas A. M. Rodger (born 1949), British naval
• William Ledyard Rodgers (1860–1944), ancient naval
• Maxime Rodinson (1915–2004), oriental studies
• Walter Rodney (1942–1980), Guyana
• David Roediger (born 1952), political history, labor history, slavery
• Vadim Rogovin (1937–1998), Soviet Union, Trotskyism
• Theodore Ropp (1911–2000), military
• W. J. Rorabaugh (1945–2020), 19th- and 20th-century US
• Ron Rosenbaum (born 1946), Hitler
• Charles E. Rosenberg (born 1936), medicine and science
• Gavriel D. Rosenfeld (1967-), Jewish history
• Stephen Roskill (1903–1982), British naval
• Maarten van Rossem (born 1943), 20th-century US
• María Rostworowski (1915–2016), Peruvian
• Constance Rover (1910–2005), feminism
• Sheila Rowbotham (born 1943), feminism, socialism
• Herbert H. Rowen (1916–1999), Netherlands
• A. L. Rowse (1903–1997), English
• Maximilien Rubel (1905–1996), political history
• Miri Rubin (born 1956), social, Europe 1100–1600
• George Rudé (1910–1993), French Revolution
• Robert W. Thurston (born 1949)
• R. J. Rummel (1932–2014), genocide
• Steven Runciman (1903–2000), Crusades
• Leila J. Rupp (born 1950), feminist
• Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell (1937–2004), 17th-century Britain
• Marina Rustow, Jewish history
• Cornelius Ryan (1920–1974), World War II, popular
• Boris Rybakov (1908–2001), Soviet

S

• Emir Sader (born 1943), Brazil, social history, political history
• Heleieth Saffioti (1934–2010), Brazil, social history
• Tatshat Sahakyan (1916–1999), Armenia
• Edgar V. Saks (1910–1984), Estonia
• Andrey Sakharov (1930–2019), Russia
• Anne Salmond (born 1945), Pacific and New Zealand anthropology and history
• Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974), recent Britain and America
• Theotônio dos Santos (1936–2018), Latin America, economic history
• Usha Sanyal (living), Asian, Islam, Sufism
• S. Srikanta Sastri (1904–1974), Indian
• Waltraut Schälike (1927–2021), philosophical history
• Simon Schama (born 1945), British, Dutch, US, French
• Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. (1917–2007), Andrew Jackson, New Deal, politics
• Karl Schlögel (born 1948), modern Russian history
• Rene Schmerling (1901–1967), Georgian art
• Jean-Claude Schmitt (born 1946), Middle Ages
• David Schoenbaum (born 1935), modern German and US–Israeli relations
• Ismar Schorsch (born 1935), Jewish history
• Carl Emil Schorske (1915–2015), Vienna, Modernism, intellectual
• Paul W. Schroeder (1927–2020), European diplomacy
• Wolfgang Schröder (1935–2010), Germany, labor
• D. M. Schurman (1924–2013), British imperial and naval
• Marjan Schwegman (living), Dutch
• Karl Schweizer (living), 18th-century European
• Dorothy Schwieder, (1933–2014), Iowa
• Joan Scott (born 1941), feminism
• William Henry Scott (1921–1993), Philippines
• Howard Hayes Scullard (1903–1983), ancient
• Jules Sedney (1922–2020), Surinamese historian and former prime minister
• Tom Segev (born 1945), Israel
• Xosé Manoel Núñez Seixas (born 1966), Spain, cultural history of war
• Lorelle D. Semley (born 1969), American historian of Africa
• Robert Service (born 1947), Soviet, Russian
• Dasharatha Sharma (1903–1976), Rajasthan
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011), ancient India
• Helena Sheehan (born 1944), political history
• James J. Sheehan (born 1937), modern Germany
• Michael S. Sherry (born 1945), 20th-century American military; LGBTQ
• William L. Shirer (1904–1993), 20th-century Europe, Third Reich
• Avi Shlaim (born 1945), Israel and the Middle East
• Ishimoda Shō (1912–1986), ancient Japan
• He Shu (born 1948), Chinese cultural revolution
• Dhimitër Shuteriqi (1915–2003), Albanian literature
• Arkady Sidorov, (1900–1966), Russia
• Jack Simmons (1915–2000), English historian, railway history
• Keith Sinclair (1922–1993), New Zealand
• Helene J. Sinnreich (born 1975), Holocaust
• Nathan Sivin (1931–2022), China
• Quentin Skinner (born 1940), early-modern Britain
• Alexandre Skirda (1942–2020), Russia
• Theda Skocpol (born 1947), institutions and comparative method; sociological
• Morris Slavin (1913–2006), French Revolution
• Richard Slotkin (born 1942), US environment and West
• Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr. (1913–2004), military history, American Old West
• Digby Smith (1935–2024), military
• Henry Nash Smith (1906–1986), US cultural
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019), US foreign policy, constitutional law, biography
• Page Smith (1917–1995), U.S.
• Richard Norton Smith (born 1953), US presidential
• T. C. Smout (born 1933), Scottish environmental and social
• John Smolenski, (born 1973), American colonial period
• Louis Leo Snyder (1907–1993), German nationalism
• Timothy D. Snyder (born 1969), Eastern Europe
• Albert Soboul (1913–1982), French Revolution
• Nelson Werneck Sodré (1911–1999), Brazil, cultural history, political history, literature
• Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008), Russian historian of the Gulag
• Pat Southern (born 1948), ancient Rome
• R. W. Southern (1912–2001), medieval
• E. Lee Spence (born 1947), shipwrecks
• Jonathan Spence (1936–2021), China
• Jonathan Sperber (born 1952), American historian of Europe
• Jackson J. Spielvogel (born 1939), world
• Paolo Spriano (1925–1988), Italy
• Kenneth Stampp (1912–2009), U.S. South, slavery
• George Stanley (1907–2002), Canada
• David Starkey (born 1945), Tudor
• Leften Stavros Stavrianos (1913—2004), world
• James M. Stayer (1935–2025), German Reformation
• G. E. M. de Ste. Croix (1910–2000), Ancient Greece
• Valerie Steele (born 1955), fashion
• Jonathan Steinberg (1934–2021), American historian of Germany
• Jean Stengers (1922–2002), Belgian
• Fritz Stern (1926–2016), Germany and Jewish
• Zeev Sternhell (1935–2020), fascism
• William N. Still, Jr. (1932–2022), US naval
• Dan Stone (living), recent Europe
• Lawrence Stone (1919–1999), early modern British social, economic and family
• Norman Stone (1941–2019), military
• Hew Strachan (born 1949), military
• Barry S. Strauss (born 1953), ancient military
• Michael Stürmer (born 1938), modern German
• Ronald Suleski (born 1942), China
• Ronald Grigor Suny (born 1940), Soviet Union, Armenia, Russia
• Jean Suret-Canale, (1921–2007), Africa
• Viktor Suvorov (born 1947), Soviet Union
• Ronald Syme (1903–1989), ancient Rome, Roman Empire
• David Syrett (1939–2004), British naval

T

• Manfredo Tafuri (1935–1994), architecture
• Volodia Teitelboim (1916–2008), Chile
• Ronald Takaki (1939–2009), America, ethnic studies
• J. L. Talmon (1916–1980), Modern, The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy
• Ali Tandilava (1913–1985), Laz people
• Maik Tändler (born 1979), German psychology and political thought
• Alexander Tarasov, (born 1958), politics and society
• Alasdair and Hettie Tayler (1870–1937/1869–1951), Scotland
• A. J. P. Taylor (1906–1990), Britain, modern Europe
• Abdelhadi Tazi (1921–2015), Moroccan
• Adam J. Teller (1962-), Jewish history
• Antonio Tellez (1921–2005), Spanish Anarchism, anti-fascist resistance
• Harold Temperley (1879–1939), 19th- and early-20th-century diplomacy
• Eugenia Tenenbaum (born 1996), Art
• Emmanuel Terray (1935–2024), France, political history
• Romila Thapar (born 1931), ancient India
• Françoise Thébaud (born 1952), history of women
• Stephan Thernstrom (1934–2025), US ethnic
• Barbara Thiering (1930–2015), Biblical
• Joan Thirsk (1922–2013), agriculture
• Hugh Thomas (1931–2017), Spanish Civil War, Atlantic slave trade
• Keith Thomas (born 1933), early-modern Britain, culture
• E. A. Thompson (1914–1995), ancient, medieval
• E. P. Thompson (1924–1993), British labor history
• Mark Thompson (born 1959), Balkans, World War I Italy
• Carl L. Thunberg (born 1963), Viking Age, Middle Ages
• Charles Tilly (1929–2008), Modern Europe; politics and society
• Louise A. Tilly (1930–2018), modern Europe; women, family
• José Ramos Tinhorão (1928–2021), Brazil, Brazilian culture, music
• John Toland (1912–2004), World War I and World War II
• Orlando E. Toledo Morales (born 1964), Early Middle Ages
• K. Ross Toole (1920–1981), Montana
• Adam Tooze (1967), economic history
• Ahmed Toufiq (born 1943), Moroccan
• Éric Toussaint (born 1954), economic history
• Marc Trachtenberg (born 1946), Cold War
• Enzo Traverso, (born 1957), Holocaust, totalitarianism, historiography
• Hugh Trevor-Roper (1914–2003), Nazi; British
• Francesca Trivellato (1970-), Italian, Jewish early-modern period
• Petro Tronko (1915–2011), Ukrainian history
• Gil Troy (born 1961), modern US, the Presidency
• Marcel Trudel (1917–2011), New France, slavery in Canada
• Barbara Tuchman (1912–1989), 20th-century military
• Robert C. Tucker (1918–2010), Stalin
• Peter Turchin (born 1957), Russian historian of historical dynamics
• Henry Ashby Turner, Jr. (1932–2008), 20th-century German
• Denis Twitchett (1925–2006), China
• David Tyack (1930–2016), US education

U

• Walter Ullmann (1910–1983), medieval
• Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (born 1938), early America
• David Underdown (1925–2009), 17th-century England
• Mladen Urem (born 1964), Croatian literary
• Robert M. Utley (1929–2022), 19th-century US West

V

• Hans van de Ven (born 1958), Britain, modern China
• Frank Vandiver (1925–2005), American Civil War
• Jan Vansina (1929–2017), Belgium, Africa
• Horpyna Vatchenko (1923–2004), Ukraine
• Andrekos Varnava (born 1979), Australia, modern history
• Jean-Pierre Vernant (1914–2007), France, ancient Greece
• Paul Veyne (1930–2022), France, ancient Greece and Rome
• Pierre Vidal-Naquet (1930–2006), France, ancient Greece; civil-rights activist
• Pierre Vilar, (1906–2003), Catalonia
• Richard Vinen (born 1963), Britain
• Lynne Viola (born 1955), Soviet Union
• Emília Viotti da Costa (1928–2017), Brazil
• Jaime Vicens Vives (1910–1960), Spain
• Lise Vogel (born 1938), art history
• Michel Vovelle (1933–2018), French Revolution

W

• P. B. Waite, (1922 –2020), Canadian politics
• John Waiko (1945–2024), Papua New Guinea
• J. Samuel Walker (born 1946), nuclear energy and weapons
• Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–2019), world-systems theory
• Retha Warnicke (born 1939), Tudor and gender issues
• Peter Watson (born 1943), intellectual history
• Eugen Weber (1925–2007), modern French
• Cicely Veronica Wedgwood (1910–1997), 16th/17th-century Europe
• Hans-Ulrich Wehler (1931–2014), 19th-century German social
• Russell Weigley (1930–2004), military
• Gerhard Weinberg (born 1928), Germany, World War II
• Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks (born 20th century), European, gender and world history
• Roberto Weiss (1906–1969), Renaissance
• Emma J. Wells (born 1986), church history
• Frank Welsh (1931–2023), British imperial
• Liselotte Welskopf-Henrich (1901–1979), Germany, US history, ancient Greece
• Christopher Whatley (born 20th century), Scotland
• John Wheeler-Bennett (1902–1975), Germany
• John Whyte (1928–1990), Northern Ireland, divided societies
• Christopher Wickham (born 1950), medieval
• Robert H. Wiebe (1930–2000), American business and society
• Toby Wilkinson (born 1969), ancient Egypt
• Eric Williams (1911–1981), Guiana, Caribbean
• Glanmor Williams (1920–2005), Wales
• Glyndwr Williams (1932–2022), exploration
• Raymond Williams (1921–1988), cultural history
• William Appleman Williams (1921–1990), US diplomacy
• John Willingham (born 1946), Texas
• Andrew Wilson (born 1961), Ukraine
• Clyde N. Wilson (born 1941), 19th-century US South
• Ian Wilson (born 1941), religious
• Keith Windschuttle (1942–2025), Australia; historiography
• Henry Winkler (born 1938), German
• Robert S. Wistrich (1945–2015), anti-semitism, Holocaust, Jews
• John B. Wolf (1907–1996), French
• Michael Wolffsohn (born 1947), German Jewish
• Herwig Wolfram (born 1934), medieval
• John Womack (born 1937), Latin American history, Mexico history
• Gordon S. Wood (1933-2026), American Revolution
• Ellen Meiksins Wood (1942–2016), Marxist political and economic history
• Michael Wood (born 1948), England
• C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999), American South
• Daniel Woolf (born 1958), Britain, historiography
• David Wootton (born 1952), intellectual history, history of science
• Lucy Worsley (born 1973), Britain
• Gordon Wright (1912–2000), modern France
• Lawrence C. Wroth (1884–1970), US printing

Y

• Yen Ching-hwang (顏清湟, born 1937), writer; works on Overseas Chinese history
• Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi (1932–2009), Jewish history
• Robert J. Young (born 1942), French Third Republic
• Robert M. Young (1935–2019), medicine

Z

• Gregorio F. Zaide (1907–1986), Philippines
• Adam Zamoyski (born 1949), Napoleonic era
• Anna Żarnowska (1931–2007), Polish historian
• Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (born 1947), German
• Yuri Zhukov (1938–2023), Soviet
• Howard Zinn (1922–2010), US
• Rainer Zitelmann (born 1957), German
• Vladislav M. Zubok (born 1958), Cold War
• Marek Żukow-Karczewski (born 1961), Poland, Kraków