List of massacres in Azerbaijan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following lists are of massacres that have occurred within the current boundaries of Azerbaijan (numbers may be approximate).
Before 1988
| Name | Year | Date | Location | Deaths | Targeted group | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sack of Shamakhi | 1721 | 18 August | Shamakhi | 4,000–5,000[1][2] | Shia inhabitants of Shamakhi | Shia inhabitants of the city (includes the city's officials) were killed by rebellious Sunni Lezgin tribesmen.[1][2] |
| Battle of Ganja (1804) | 1804 | February | Ganja | 1,500–3,000[3] | Inhabitants of Ganja | Civilians were massacred during the capture of the city by the Russians; some of the captured soldiers were executed[4] |
| Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1906 | 1905–1906 | February | Baku; Ganja;Nakhchivan; Shusha; Tiflis | 3,000–10,000 | Armenians, Azerbaijanis | |
| Shamkhor Massacre | 1918 | January | Şəmkir | 1,000 | armed Russian soldiers | Russian soldiers killed by Azerbaijani nationalists[5][6][7] |
| March Days | 1918 | March 30 – April 2 | Azerbaijan | 12,000–25,000 | Azerbaijanis | According to the statements of Azerbaijan representatives, "the Bolsheviks".[9] |
| September Days | 1918 | September | Baku | 10,000–15,000 | Armenians | Armenians killed by the Army of Islam[10][11] |
| Khaibalikend Massacre | 1919 | June 5–7 | Nagorno-Karabakh | 600–700 | Armenians | Armenians killed by armed ethnic Azerbaijani and Kurdish irregulars and Azerbaijani soldiers;[12] Villages of Khaibalikend, Jamillu, Karkujahan and Pahliul were destroyed[13][14] |
| Muslim uprisings in Kars and Sharur–Nakhichevan | 1919–1920 | July–December | Nakhchivan | 10,000[15] | Armenians | |
| Agulis Massacre | 1919 | December 24–25 | Yuxarı Əylis | 1,400[16][17] | Armenians | Early-20th-century anti-Armenian massacre of the Armenian population of Agulis by the Turkish army accompanied by the Azerbaijani refugees from Zangezur which resulted in the destruction of the town of Agulis.[18][19] |
| Shusha pogrom | 1920 | March 22–26 | Shusha | 500–20,000[20][21] | Armenians | Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis |
| 1920 Ganja Revolt | 1920 | June | Ganja | 15,000 | Azerbaijanis | Bolsheviks slaughtered civilians including women and children after the capture of rebel Ganja. Many women were raped and Koran were burnt.[22][23] |
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
The following is a list of massacres and pogroms, which took place in the course of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War and the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.
| Name | Year | Date | Location | Deaths | Targeted group | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sumgait pogrom | 1988 | February 27 – March 1 | Sumgait | 32 (26 Armenians and 6 Azerbaijanis)[24] | Armenians | Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis; 20 ambulances were destroyed,[25] and reports detail widespread rape,[26] mutilation, robberies and disemboweling of fetuses[27][28] |
| Kirovabad pogrom | 1988 | November | Kirovabad | 130 Armenians | Armenians | Azeri-led pogrom directed against Armenian inhabitants of Kirovabad (now Ganja) |
| Baku Pogrom | 1990 | January 13 | Baku | 90 | Armenians | Armenians killed by Azerbaijanis; many incidents of rape, robbery and torture;[29] 700 injured.[30][31] |
| Black January | 1990 | January 19–20 | Baku, Azerbaijan | 133–137 | Peaceful protesters of the Azerbaijani national independence movement | Killed by Soviet troops; ambulance workers rushing to help the wounded and random passers-by, including women and children, among the dead |
| Operation Ring | 1991 | April 30 – May 15 | Shahumyan Province | unknown | Armenians | number of casualties unknown, approximately 17,000 people displaced, gross human rights violations[32] |
| Capture of Gushchular and Malibeyli | 1992 | February 10–12 | Malibeyli, Ashaghi Gushchular, Yukhari Gushchular villages of Shusha District | 8 (per Helsinki Watch)[33] 15–50 (per Azerbaijan)[34] |
Azerbaijanis | Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian irregular armed units[33] |
| Khojaly Massacre | 1992 | February 25–26 | Khojaly, Azerbaijan | More than 200[35][36] (per Human Rights Watch)
613[37] (per Azerbaijan) |
Azerbaijanis | Azerbaijanis killed by Armenian troops. |
| Maraga Massacre | 1992 | April 10 | Maraga | 40–100 | Armenians | Armenians killed (many decapitated); corpses buried in a mass grave outside the village.[38] |
| Bombardment of Tartar | 2020 | September 28 —November 10 | Tartar District | 17 | Azerbaijanis | Azerbaijanis killed by alleged indiscriminate attacks of Armenian Armed Forces.[39] |
| 2020 Ganja missile attacks | 2020 | October 4–17 | Ganja | 32 | Azerbaijanis | Azerbaijanis killed by alleged indiscriminate attacks of Armenian Armed Forces.[39] |
| 2020 Barda missile attacks | 2020 | October 27—November 7 | Barda, Əyricə, and Qarayusifli | 27 | Azerbaijanis | Use of cluster munitions against civilians by Armenian Armed Forces and Artsakh Defence Army.[40] |
Other Massacres after 1988
| Name | Year | Date | Location | Deaths | Targeted Group | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan State Oil Academy shooting | 2009 | April 30 | Baku | 12 | Students and staff members | Victims included two nationals of Sudan and a Syrian national.[41] |