List of members of the Federal Trade Commission

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The following is a list of individuals who have served as a member of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) beginning in 1949.[1]

Seal of the United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Current commissioners

The commission is headed by five commissioners, who each serve seven-year terms. Commissioners are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. No more than three commissioners can be of the same political party. In practice, this means that two commissioners are of the opposition party. However, three members of the FTC throughout its history have been without party affiliation, with the most recent independent, Pamela Jones Harbour, serving from 2003 to 2009.[2]

More information Portrait, Name ...
Portrait Name Party Prior experience Education Term began Term expires
Andrew Ferguson

(Chair)

 Republican Solicitor general of the Commonwealth of Virginia University of Virginia (BA)

University of Virginia (JD)

 April 2, 2024 September 26, 2030
Mark Meador Republican Legal advisor to Senator Mike Lee University of Chicago (BA)

University of Houston (JD)

 April 16, 2025 September 26, 2031
Vacant N/a — — — September 26, 2026
Vacant N/a — — — September 26, 2029
Vacant N/a — — — September 26, 2032
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Former commissioners

The following is a list of individuals who have served as a member of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) beginning in 1949, including party affiliation.[1]

More information Commissioners, Party ...
Commissioners Party Years in office Prior experience
John J. Carson Republican[3] September 28, 1948 – March 31, 1953 Journalist, The Baltimore Sun[4]
Stephen J. Spingarn Democratic October 25, 1950 – September 25, 1953 Assistant General Counsel, Department of the Treasury[5]
Caspar Weinberger Republican December 31, 1969 – August 6, 1970 California State Assemblyman for the 21st district[6]
Philip Elman Independent April 21, 1961 – October 18, 1970 Assistant to the Solicitor General[7]
Miles Kirkpatrick Republican September 14, 1970 – February 20, 1973 Head of the Antitrust Section, American Bar Association (ABA)[8]
Everette MacIntyre Democratic September 26, 1961 – August 30, 1973 FTC trial lawyer[9]
Mary Gardiner Jones Republican[10] October 29, 1964 – November 2, 1973 Staff attorney, DOJ Antitrust Division[11]
David S. Dennison Jr. Republican October 18, 1970 – December 31, 1973 Congressman from Ohio's 11th district[12]
Mayo J. Thompson Democratic July 8, 1973 – September 26, 1975 Antitrust attorney in private practice[13]
Lewis A. Engman Democratic February 20, 1973 – December 31, 1975 Assistant Director, White House Domestic Council[14]
Calvin J. Collier Republican March 24, 1976 – December 31, 1977 Director of Urban Program Coordination, Department of Housing and Urban Development[15]
Stephen A. Nye Republican May 5, 1974 – May 5, 1978 Partner at Sullivan, Jones and Archer LLP[16]
Elizabeth Hanford Dole Democratic (1973-1975)

Republican (1975-1979)[17]

 December 4, 1973 – March 9, 1979 Director, White House Office of Consumer Affairs[18]
Paul Rand Dixon Democratic March 21, 1961 – September 25, 1981 FTC trial attorney[19]
David A. Clanton Republican August 26, 1975 – October 14, 1983 Minority Staff Counsel, Senate Committee on Commerce[20]
Michael Pertschuk Democratic April 21, 1977 – October 15, 1984 Chief Counsel, Senate Committee on Commerce[21]
George W. Douglas Democratic December 27, 1982 – September 18, 1985 President, Southwest Econometrics Inc. (private economic research firm)[22]
James C. Miller III Republican September 30, 1981 – October 5, 1985 Administrator, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA)[23]
Patricia P. Bailey Republican October 29, 1979 – May 15, 1988 Assistant to the General Counsel, Merit Systems Protection Board[24]
Daniel Oliver Republican April 21, 1986 – August 10, 1989 Executive Editor, National Review[25]
Terry Calvani Republican November 18, 1983 – September 25, 1990 Law professor, Vanderbilt University School of Law[26]
Andrew Strenio Democratic March 17, 1986 – July 15, 1991 Member, Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)[27]
Deborah K. Owen Republican October 25, 1989 – August 26, 1994 Associate White House Counsel[28]
Dennis A. Yao Democratic July 16, 1991 – August 31, 1994 Professor, Wharton School of Business[29]
Christine A. Varney Democratic October 17, 1994 – August 5, 1997 White House Cabinet Secretary[30]
Janet D. Steiger Republican August 11, 1989 – September 28, 1997 Chair of the Postal Rate Commission[31]
Roscoe B. Starek III Republican November 19, 1990 – December 18, 1997 Deputy Director of Presidential Personnel[32]
Mary Azcuenaga Independent November 27, 1984 – June 3, 1998 FTC Assistant General Counsel[33]
Robert Pitofsky Democratic June 29, 1978 – April 30, 1981

April 11, 1995 – May 31, 2001

 Director, FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection[34]
Sheila F. Anthony Democratic September 30, 1997 – August 1, 2003 Assistant Attorney General for Legislative Affairs[35]
Timothy Muris Republican June 4, 2001 – August 15, 2004 Law professor, GMU School of Law[36]
Mozelle W. Thompson Democratic December 17, 1997 – August 31, 2004 Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Policy[37]
Orson Swindle Republican December 18, 1997 – June 30, 2005 Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Development[38]
Thomas B. Leary Republican November 17, 1999 – December 31, 2005 Assistant General Counsel, General Motors[39]
Deborah Platt Majoras Republican August 16, 2004 – March 29, 2008 Deputy Assistant Attorney General, DOJ Antitrust Division[40]
Pamela Jones Harbour Independent August 4, 2003 – April 6, 2010 Deputy Attorney General of New York[41]
William Kovacic Republican January 4, 2006 – October 3, 2011 Law professor, The George Washington University Law School[42]
J. Thomas Rosch Republican January 5, 2006 - Sept 2012 Director, FTC Bureau of Competition[43]
Jon Leibowitz Democratic March 2, 2009 – March 7, 2013 Lobbyist, Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA)[44]
Joshua D. Wright Republican January 11, 2013 – August 24, 2015 Law professor, GMU Antonin Scalia Law School[45]
Julie Brill Democratic April 6, 2010 – March 31, 2016 Assistant Attorney General of Vermont for Consumer Protection and Antitrust[46]
Edith Ramirez Democratic April 5, 2010 – February 10, 2017 Vice President, LA Department of Water and Power Board of Commissioners[47]
Terrell McSweeny Democratic April 28, 2014 – April 27, 2018 Chief Counsel for Competition Policy and Intergovernmental Relations, DOJ Antitrust Division[48]
Joseph Simons Republican May 1, 2018 – January 29, 2021 Director, FTC Bureau of Competition[43]
Rohit Chopra Democratic May 2, 2018 – October 12, 2021 CFPB Assistant Director
Noah J. Phillips Republican May 2, 2018 – October 14, 2022 Counsel to Senator John Cornyn[49]
Rebecca Slaughter Democratic May 2, 2018 – September 8, 2025 Legal advisor to Senator Chuck Schumer
Christine S. Wilson Republican September 26, 2018 – March 31, 2023 Senior Vice President, Delta Air Lines
Lina Khan Democratic June 15, 2021 – January 31, 2025 Legal scholar
Alvaro Bedoya Democratic May 16, 2022 – March 18, 2025 Director of the Center on Privacy and Technology at the Georgetown University Law Center
Melissa Holyoak Republican March 25, 2024 – November 17, 2025 Solicitor general of Utah
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List of Federal Trade Commission members (1918–2023)[50]

Chairs

The following is a list of the chairs of the Federal Trade Commission.[51][52]

Chairs selected by the members

More information No., Image ...
No. Image Chair Party Start End Refs.
1 Joseph E. Davies Democratic March 16, 1915 June 30, 1916 [53]
2 Edward N. Hurley Democratic July 1, 1916 January 31, 1917 [53]
3 William J. Harris Democratic February 1, 1917 May 6, 1918 [53]
4 William Byron Colver Democratic May 7, 1918 June 30, 1919
5 John Franklin Fort Republican July 1, 1919 November 30, 1919
6 Victor Murdock Progressive December 1, 1919 November 30, 1920
7 Samuel Huston Thompson Democratic December 1, 1920 November 30, 1921
8 Nelson B. Gaskill Republican December 1, 1921 November 30, 1922
9 Victor Murdock Progressive December 1, 1922 November 30, 1923
10 Samuel Huston Thompson Democratic December 1, 1923 November 30, 1924
11 Vernon W. Van Fleet Republican December 1, 1924 November 30, 1925
12 John F. Nugent Democratic December 1, 1925 November 30, 1926
13 Charles W. Hunt Republican December 1, 1926 November 30, 1927
14 William E. Humphrey Republican December 1, 1927 November 30, 1928
15 Abram F. Myers Republican December 1, 1928 January 15, 1929
16 Edgar A. McCulloch Democratic January 16, 1929 November 30, 1929
17 Garland Ferguson Jr. Democratic January 1, 1930 December 30, 1930
18 Charles W. Hunt Republican January 1, 1931 December 31, 1931
19 William E. Humphrey Republican February 1, 1932 December 31, 1932
20 Charles H. March Republican January 1, 1933 December 31, 1933
21 Garland Ferguson Jr. Democratic January 1, 1934 December 31, 1934
22 Ewin L. Davis Democratic January 1, 1935 December 31, 1935
23 Charles H. March Republican January 1, 1936 December 31, 1936
24 William Augustus Ayres Democratic January 1, 1937 December 31, 1937
25 Garland Ferguson Jr. Democratic January 1, 1938 December 31, 1938
26 Robert E. Freer Republican January 1, 1939 December 31, 1939
27 Ewin L. Davis Democratic January 1, 1940 December 31, 1940
28 Charles H. March Republican January 1, 1941 December 31, 1941
29 William Augustus Ayres Democratic January 1, 1942 December 31, 1942
30 Garland Ferguson Jr. Democratic January 1, 1943 December 31, 1943
31 Robert E. Freer Republican January 1, 1944 December 31, 1944
32 Ewin L. Davis Democratic January 1, 1945 December 31, 1945
33 William Augustus Ayres Democratic January 1, 1946 December 31, 1946
34 Garland Ferguson Jr. Democratic January 1, 1947 December 31, 1947
35 Robert E. Freer Republican January 1, 1948 December 31, 1948
36 Lowell B. Mason Republican January 1, 1949 May 23, 1950
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Chairs designated by the president

More information No., Image ...
No. Image Chair Party Start End Refs.
37 James M. Mead Democratic May 24, 1950 March 31, 1953
38 Edward F. Howrey Republican April 1, 1953 September 12, 1955
39 John W. Gwynne Republican September 12, 1955 May 31, 1959
40 Earl W. Kintner Republican June 11, 1959 March 20, 1961
41 Paul Rand Dixon Democratic March 21, 1961 December 31, 1969
42 Caspar Weinberger Republican January 1, 1970 August 6, 1970
Acting Everette MacIntyre Democratic August 8, 1970 September 14, 1970
43 Miles W. Kirkpatrick Republican September 15, 1970 February 20, 1973
44 Lewis A. Engman Republican February 21, 1973 December 31, 1975
Acting Paul Rand Dixon Democratic January 1, 1976 March 25, 1976
45 Calvin J. Collier Republican March 25, 1976 April 20, 1977
46 Michael Pertschuk Democratic April 21, 1977 March 3, 1981
Acting David A. Clanton Republican March 4, 1981 September 25, 1981
47 James C. Miller III Republican September 26, 1981 October 4, 1985
Acting Terry Calvani Republican October 7, 1985 April 20, 1986
48 Daniel Oliver Republican April 21, 1986 August 10, 1989
49 Janet Dempsey Steiger Republican August 11, 1989 April 11, 1995 [54]
50 Robert Pitofsky Democratic April 11, 1995 May 31, 2001 [55]
51 Timothy Muris Republican June 4, 2001 August 15, 2004 [56]
52 Deborah Platt Majoras Republican August 16, 2004 March 30, 2008 [57]
Acting William Kovacic Republican March 31, 2008 March 1, 2009 [58]
53 Jon Leibowitz Democratic March 2, 2009 March 4, 2013 [59]
54 Edith Ramirez Democratic March 4, 2013 January 25, 2017 [60]
Acting Maureen Ohlhausen Republican January 25, 2017 May 1, 2018 [61]
55 Joseph Simons Republican May 1, 2018 January 21, 2021 [62]
Acting Rebecca Slaughter[63] Democratic January 21, 2021 June 15, 2021 [64]
56 Lina Khan Democratic June 15, 2021 January 20, 2025 [65]
57 Andrew N. Ferguson Republican January 20, 2025 present [66]
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Backgrounds of commissioners

Demographics

As of 2021, there have been:

Career backgrounds

The vast majority of FTC members have been individuals with legal backgrounds, with notable exceptions. President Ronald Reagan appointed the first two professional economists, James C. Miller III[67] and George W. Douglas,[68] to serve on the body. Dennis Yao, a Democrat who served from 1991 to 1994, held a Ph.D in economics, and Joshua D. Wright, a Republican who served from 2013 to 2015, held a both a J.D. and a Ph.D. in economics.[69]

References

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