List of moral panics
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of events that fit the sociological definition of a moral panic.
In sociology, a moral panic is a period of increased and widespread societal concern over some group or issue, in which the public reaction to such group or issue is disproportional to its actual threat. The concern is further fueled by mass media and moral entrepreneurs. Moral panics may result in legislative and/or long-lasting cultural changes in the societies where they occur. The concept was first introduced into the field of sociology by Stanley Cohen in his 1972 book and has since been expanded by other researchers.[1][2][3] Moral panics are different from irrational hysterias.[4]
| title | concern | causes | suggestions | location | time | refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire | Threat to public order and religious traditions | Rejection of imperial cult, accusations of cannibalism and incest | [clarification needed] | Roman Empire | AD 64-313 | [5][6][7] |
| Blood libel | The false idea that Jews engage in the kidnapping and murder of gentile children | [clarification needed] | [clarification needed] | Europe | [clarification needed] | [8] |
| Witch-hunts | That some individuals with supernatural powers, "witches", were causing harm to people in their communities | Unsubstantiated rumors and accusations of witchcraft | [clarification needed] | Europe, North America | Middle ages to the 1700s | [9][10] |
19th century
| title | concern | causes | suggestions | location | time | refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Catholic panic | That Catholics were conspiring against American interests | Increased immigration of Catholics to the United States, pre-existing anti-Catholic attitudes, political tension between the U.S. and European powers | [clarification needed] | United States | 1840s, 1850s | [11][9] |
| Garrotting panics | Robberies involving the practice of garroting | Media coverage of garroting robberies | United Kingdom, United States | 1860s | [12][13] | |
| Dime novels panic | That dime novels were pushing the brains of younger people too much | Popularization of dime novels among the youth, increased media coverage among Puritians | United States | 1870s–1890s | [14] | |
| White slavery scare | The prostitution of White women | Allegations regarding the prostitution of White women by private businesses, release of Traffic in Souls | United Kingdom, United States | 1880s (UK), early 1900s (US) | [15][16] |
20th century
| title | concern | causes | suggestions | location | time | refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comic book panic | That comic books were negatively influencing young people | Popularization of comic books among the youth, publication of Seduction of the Innocent | [clarification needed] | United States | 1930s–1950s | [17][18] |
| Sexual psychopath panic | Child sexual offending by "sexual psychopaths", a contested psychological category of sex offenders[19] | Sensationalistic media coverage of child sex crimes | United States | 1930s–1950s | [19][20] | |
| Homosexual panic | That homosexuals were trying to "promote homosexuality" to society, including children | [clarification needed] | United States, United Kingdom | 1950s–1990s | [21][22] | |
| Lavender scare | That homosexuals were conspiring against American interests | Societal tensions during the Cold War, the belief that homosexuals were sympathetic toward the Soviet Union | United States | 1950s | [16][19] | |
| Television panic | Addiction caused by minors watching television | Popularization of TV among the youth, widespread fears around television | Global | 1946-1960s | [citation needed] | |
| McCarthyism | Communist infiltration and subversion in the United States government, Hollywood, etc. | Red Scare during the Cold War | United States | 1947–1959 | [citation needed] | |
| Mods and rockers panic | Hooligan activities by the two youth groups | Sensationalistic media coverage of the conflicts between the groups | United Kingdom | 1960s | [23][2] | |
| War on drugs | Drug trafficking and consumption | Increase of drug consumption in society, media alarmism | Global | 1970s–present | [4][24] | |
| Sex offender panic | Child sex crimes perpetrated by sex offenders and pedophiles | Reoccurrence of high-profile child sexual abuse scandals | United States, United Kingdom | 1970s–present | [25][26][20][27] | |
| Violent video games panic | That video games were influencing children into committing violent acts | Popularization of violent video games among the youth, discredited psychological theories about games | United States | 1970s–1990s | [28][29] | |
| Mugging panic | Muggings in public streets, especially by young Black males | Media alarmism, 1973 Birmingham mugging attack | United Kingdom | 1970s | [30] | |
| Satanic panic | That supposed Satanic cults were engaging in child sexual abuse rituals | Unsubstantiated Satanic ritual abuse rumors and allegations, tabloid journalism | United States | 1980s | [31][32] | |
| Missing children panic | Child abduction by strangers in public places | Murder of Adam Walsh, media sensationalism | United States | 1980s | [30][33][34] | |
| Dungeons & Dragons panic | That some RPG table-top games, especially D&D, were leading young people into drug use and Satanism | Popularization of mythical-themed role-play games, Christian and BADD activism,[35] other controversies | United States | 1980s | [36][37] | |
| Day-care sex-abuse hysteria | That some day-care centers were engaging in Satanic child sexual abuse | Increased usage of day-cares among employed women with young children | United States | 1980s–1990s | [38][39] | |
| AIDS panic | AIDS dissemination, particularly by gay men | AIDS pandemic of the 1980s, Conservative activism | Global | 1980s–1990s | [40][41] | |
| "Wilding" panic | Physical and sexual assaults in public streets by ethnic youth gangs | Rape of Trisha Meili, media sensationalism | United States | 1989–1990s | [42][43] | |
| Dangerous dogs panic | Dog attacks against humans, especially by pit bulls | Sensationalistic media coverage of dog attacks | United Kingdom | late 1980s–1990s | [44][45][46] | |
| Harry Potter panic | That the book series was leading children into witchcraft and occultism | The novels' themes of magic and witchcraft, anti-occult activism against the series | United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia | 1990s–2000s | [47][1] | |
| Internet moral panic | The dissemination of legal and illegal pornography on the internet, online criminal activities | Popularization of the Internet, media sensationalism | Global | 1990s–2000s | [48][49][50][51] | |
| School shooting panic | School shootings | Increased media coverage of school shooting cases[52] | United States | 1990s–present | [53][54] | |
| Y2K bug panic | That the world would end on New Year's Day 2000 and computers would malfunction | [clarification needed] | Global | 1990s–2000 | [55] |