List of offshore wind farms
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This article lists the largest offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.
Offshore wind farm locations. Locations in gray are under construction.
As of 2022, Hornsea 2 in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 1,386 MW.[1]
Largest operational offshore wind farms
This is a list of offshore wind farms with at least 400 MW nameplate capacity that are currently operational.
| Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Turbines number |
Turbines model |
Commissioning date |
Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hornsea Project Two | United Kingdom | 53°54′36″N 1°33′06″E | 1,386 | 165 | Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2022 | [2][3] |
| Hornsea Project One | United Kingdom | 53°53′06″N 1°47′28″E | 1,218 | 174 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [4][5] |
| Seagreen | United Kingdom | 56°35′17″N 1°44′28″W | 1,075 | 114 | MHI Vestas V164-10 MW | 2023 | [6] |
| Moray East | United Kingdom | 58°10′01″N 2°41′55″W | 950 | 100 | MHI Vestas V164-9.5 MW | 2022 | [7] |
| Greater Changhua (1 & 2A) | Taiwan | 24.1558°N 119.8694°E | 900 | 111 | Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2024 | [8] |
| Moray West | United Kingdom | 58°05′38″N 2°59′17″W | 882 | 60 | Siemens Gamesa 14-222 DD | 2025 | [9] |
| Triton Knoll | United Kingdom | 53°24′N 0°54′E | 857 | 90 | MHI Vestas V164-9.5 MW | 2021 | [10][11] |
| Hollandse Kust (Zuid) III & IV | Netherlands | 52°22′00″N 4°07′00″E | 770 | 70 | Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD | 2023 | [12] |
| Hollandse Kust (Zuid) I & II | Netherlands | 52°22′00″N 4°07′00″E | 759 | 69 | Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD | 2023 | [13] |
| Hollandse Kust Noord | Netherlands | 52°42′54″N 4°15′04″E | 759 | 69 | Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD | 2023 | [14] |
| Borssele I & II | Netherlands | 51°42′N 3°05′E | 752 | 94 | Siemens Gamesa 8MW | 2020 | [15][16] |
| Borssele III & IV | Netherlands | 51°42′25″N 2°54′45″E | 731.5 | 77 | MHI Vestas V164-9.5 MW | 2021 | [17][18] |
| East Anglia ONE | United Kingdom | 52°40′N 2°18′E | 714 | 102 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2020 | [19][20] |
| Walney Extension | United Kingdom | 54°02′38″N 3°31′19″W | 659 | 40+47 | MHI-Vestas 8.25 MW Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2018 | [21] |
| Yunlin | Taiwan | 23.5859°N 120.0300°E | 640 | 80 | Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2025 | [22][23][24][25] |
| London Array | United Kingdom | 51°38′38″N 01°33′13″E | 630 | 175 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2013 | [26][27][28] |
| Kriegers Flak | Denmark | 55°04′N 13°01′E | 605 | 72 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-8.4-167 | 2021 | [29][30] |
| Gemini Wind Farm | Netherlands | 54°02′10″N 5°57′47″E | 600 | 150 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0 | 2017 | [31][32][33][34] |
| Beatrice | United Kingdom | 58°08′N 3°04′W | 588 | 84 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [35] |
| Gode Wind (phases 1+2) | Germany | 54°03′N 7°02′E | 582 | 97 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [36][37] |
| Gwynt y Môr | United Kingdom | 53°27′N 3°35′W | 576 | 160 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2015 | [38] |
| Race Bank | United Kingdom | 53°16′30″N 0°50′00″E | 573 | 91 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2018 | [39][40] |
| Greater Gabbard | United Kingdom | 51°53′N 1°56′E | 504 | 140 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2012 | [41][42][43] |
| Jiangsu Qidong H1+H2 | China | 32°7′12″N 122°9′36″E | 503 | 84 | Shanghai Electric | 2021 | [44][45] |
| CGN Shanwei Jiazi I | China | 22.6015°N 116.0854°E | 503 | 78 | MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [46] |
| Jieyang Shenquan II | China | 22.6673°N 116.3162°E | 502 | 34+16 | Shanghai Electric | 2022 | [47] |
| Shandong Bozhong B2 | China | 38.2739°N 118.9225°E | 501.5 | 59 | 2023 | [48] | |
| Shandong Bozhong A | China | 38.3003°N 118.5405°E | 501 | 60 | CSIC Haizhuang H220-8.35 | 2022 | [49] |
| Huadian Yangjiang Qingzhou III | China | 20.9699°N 111.6080°E | 500.6 | 37+30 | MySE6.8-158 MySE8.3-180 |
2022 | [50] |
| CGN Shanwei Houhu | China | 22.7152°N 116.0582°E | 500.5 | 91 | MingYang MySE5.5-155 | 2021 | [51] |
| Hohe See | Germany | 54°26′N 6°19′E | 497 | 71 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [52] |
| Saint-Brieuc | France | 48°51′36″N 2°32′06″W | 496 | 62 | Siemens Gamesa SG 8.0-167 DD | 2023 | [53][54][55] |
| Saint-Nazaire Offshore Wind Farm | France | 47°09′38″N 2°37′36″W | 480 | 80 | GE Haliade 150-6MW | 2022 | [56] |
| Neart na Gaoithe | United Kingdom | 56°16′04″N 2°19′15″W | 450 | 54 | Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2025 | [57] |
| Borkum Riffgrund 2 | Germany | 53°56′49″N 6°29′07″E | 450 | 56 | MHI Vestas V164-8.0 MW | 2019 | [58] |
| Horns Rev 3 | Denmark | 55°41′49″N 7°40′09″E | 407 | 49 | MHI Vestas V164-8.3 MW | 2019 | [59] |
| CGN Shanwei Jiazi II | China | 22.6209°N 116.1632°E | 403 | 62 | MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [46][60] |
| Dudgeon | United Kingdom | 53°14′56″N 1°23′24″E | 402 | 67 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [61] |
| Veja Mate | Germany | 54°N 6°E | 402 | 67 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [62][63] |
| CGN Yangjiang Nanpeng Island | China | 21.4702°N 112.2545°E | 401.5 | 73 | Mingyang MY-5.5 MW | 2020 | [64][65] |
| Anholt | Denmark | 56°36′N 11°13′E | 400 | 111 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2013 | [66][67][68][69] |
| BARD Offshore 1 | Germany | 54°21′30″N 5°58′30″E | 400 | 80 | BARD 5.0MW | 2013 | [70][71][72] |
| Global Tech I | Germany | 54°30′00″N 6°21′30″E | 400 | 80 | Areva Multibrid M5000 5.0MW | 2015 | [73] |
| Rampion | United Kingdom | 50°39′53″N 0°16′44″W | 400 | 116 | MHI Vestas V112-3.45 MW | 2018 | [74] |
| Binhai North H2 | China | 34°30′00″N 120°20′00″E | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-120 | 2018 | [75] |
| CTGNE Yangjiang Shapa - phase II | China | 21.3180°N 111.4882°E | 400 | 62 | Mingyang MySE6.45-180 | 2021 | [76][77] |
| Rudong H6 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [78][76] | |
| Rudong H10 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [79][76] | |
| SPIC Rudong H7 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [80] | |
| SPIC Rudong H4 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [81] |
Largest under construction
This is a list of wind farms with a nameplate capacity of more than 400 MW currently under construction.
| Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Turbines & model | Completion | Ownership | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hornsea 3 | United Kingdom | 53°55′12″N 1°19′48″E | 2,900 | 231 × Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2027 | Ørsted | [82] |
| Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind | United States | 36.8878333°N 75.4973333°W | 2,640 | 176 × Siemens Gamesa 14-222 DD | 2026 | Dominion (50%), Stonepeak (50%) | [83][84][85][86][87] |
| Sofia | United Kingdom | 54°58′46″N 2°13′48″E | 1,400 | 100 × Siemens Gamesa 14 MW | 2026 | RWE | [88] |
| Dogger Bank A | United Kingdom | 54°44′56″N 1°55′48″E | 1,200 | 95 × GE Haliade-X 13 MW | 2025 | SSE (40%), Equinor (40%), Vårgrønn (20%) | [89][90] |
| Dogger Bank B | United Kingdom | 54°59′12″N 1°39′44″E | 1,200 | 95 × GE Haliade-X 13 MW | 2025 | SSE (40%), Equinor (40%), Vårgrønn (20%) | [89] |
| Inch Cape | United Kingdom | 56.4947°N 2.2065°W | 1,080 | 72 × Vestas V236-15.0 MW | 2027 | ESB (50%), Red Rock Renewables (50%) | [91][92] |
| He Dreiht | Germany | 54°21′N 6°12′E | 960 | 64 × Vestas V236-15 MW | 2025 | EnBW | [93] |
| Borkum Riffgrund 3 | Germany | 54°02′35″N 6°11′46″E | 913 | 83 × Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD | 2025 | Ørsted | [94] |
| Vineyard Wind | United States | 41.03325°N 70.61667°W | 800 | 62 × 13.6 MW GE Haliade-X | 2024 | CIP(50%), Avangrid (50%) | [95][96][97][98] |
| Revolution Wind | United States | 41.124974°N 71.38818°W | 704 | 64 × Siemens Gamesa 11.0-200 DD | 2024 | Ørsted (50%), GIP/ Skyborn Renewables (50%) | [99][100][101][102][103] |
| Changfang | Taiwan | 24.0030°N 120.1388°E | 589 | 62 × MHI Vestas V174-9.5 MW | 2023 | [104][105][106] | |
| Guodian Xiangshan 1 phase 2 | China | 500 | 41 × 12 MW units | 2025 | [46][107] | ||
| Fécamp | France | 49°54′15″N 0°13′13″E | 497 | 71 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2023 | EDF, Skyborn Renewables | [108][109] |
| Baltic Eagle | Germany | 54°49′29″N 13°51′42″E | 476 | 50 × MHI Vestas V174-9.5 MW | 2025 | Iberdrola | [110][111] |
| Calvados | France | 49°27′22″N 0°29′53″W | 448 | 64 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2024 | EDF, Skyborn Renewables | [112][113] |
Largest proposed
The following table lists largest offshore wind farm areas (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a proposal stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin.
| Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Projected completion | Consents | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaozhou | China | 43,300 | Projected to start work before 2025. Capacity refers to two projects. | [114][115] | ||
| Sinan Korea Offshore | South Korea | 8,200 | 2030 | Project approved in 2021. Estimated cost: €36 billion. | [116][117][118] | |
| Berwick Bank | United Kingdom | 4,100 | 2027 | SSE merged Berwick Bank (2.3GW) and Marr Bank (1.85GW) into single project.[119] Planning application will be sent to Scottish government in Spring 2022. Scottish Government consented project in July 2025.[120] SSE missed AR6 due to consent delays.[121] | [122][123][124][125][126] | |
| Ossian | United Kingdom | 3,600 | Consent application for a floating wind farm submitted in July 2024. | [127] | ||
| East Anglia Hub
(formerly Norfolk Bank) |
United Kingdom | 3,100 | 2026 | ScottishPower Renewables merged East Anglia TWO (900 MW), East Anglia THREE (1,400 MW) and East Anglia ONE North (800MW) into single hub.
Anticipated project start in 2022. Project completion anticipated in 2026. |
[128][129] | |
| Med Wind | Italy | 2,800 | 2030 |
Floating offshore wind farm. Scoping procedure completed in 2021. Construction to start in 2025. Expected project completion in 2030. |
[130][131] | |
| Hornsea Project Four | United Kingdom | 2,600 | [132] | |||
| Southwest Offshore | South Korea | 2,500 | Phase 1 (60 MW), Phase 2 (400 MW), Phase 3 (2000 MW) | [133][134][135][136] | ||
| Hornsea Project Three | United Kingdom | 2,400 | Crown Estate Round 3 | [137] | ||
| SouthCoast Wind | United States | 2,400 in two phases | TBA | BOEM | ||
| Wilmington East & Wilmington West Wind Farm | United States | 2,250 | TotalEnergy Renewables USA | [138][139] | ||
| Formosa III | Taiwan | 2,000 | Undergoing environmental impact assessment and approvals which are expected to be completed between 2021 and 2025. | [140] | ||
| IJmuiden Ver Alpha | Netherlands | 2,000 | 2029 | [141] | ||
| IJmuiden Ver Beta | Netherlands | 2,000 | 2029 | [141] | ||
| IJmuiden Ver Gamma | Netherlands | 2,000 | [141] | |||
| OWF Bałtyk I | Poland | 1,560 | Connection to national grid approved in 2021[142] | [143][144] | ||
| Atlantic Shores | United States | 1,510 | 2028 | NJBPU | [145][146] | |
| Norfolk Vanguard East | United Kingdom | 1,400 | Planning consent granted on 11 February 2022. Offshore works expected to begin in 2025.
Will use V236-15 MW turbines. |
[147][148][149][150][151] | ||
| Norfolk Vanguard West | United Kingdom | 1,400 | Will use V236-15 MW turbines
Offshore works are expected to begin in 2025. |
[152] | ||
| Norfolk Boreas | United Kingdom | 1,400 | Planning Consent Granted on 10 December 2021.
RWE restarted project in December 2023. Offshore works are expected to begin in 2025. Will use V236-15 MW turbines |
[153][154][155][150][152] | ||
| Dogger Bank C
(formerly Teesside A) |
United Kingdom | 1,200 | Offshore export cable installation will commence in Q1 2024; offshore platform installation will commence in Q2, 2024; foundation installation will commence in Q3, 2024; turbine installation will commence in Q2, 2025. First power is anticipated in Q3, 2025 and full power in Q1, 2026. | [89] | ||
| Rampion 2 | United Kingdom | 1,200 | Concept/early planning. Planning application expected 2022.[156] | [157] | ||
| Beacon Wind | United States | 1,230 | 2028 | NYSERDA | [158][159][160] | |
| Baltic Power | Poland | 1,140 | 2026 | 23 January 2025: Completion of two offshore substations[161] | [162] | |
| Thor | Denmark | 1,008 | 2027 | [163] | ||
| Storgrundet | Sweden | 1,000 | Environmental permit granted in September 2023 to Skyborn Renewables | [164][165] | ||
| Nordlicht I | Germany | 980 | 2027 | Vattenfall | [166] | |
| Skipjack | United States | 966 | 2027 | Ørsted | [167][168][169] | |
| He Dreiht | Germany | 960 | 2025 | Aug 28, 2024: All 64 foundations installed [170] | [171][172] | |
| Gennaker | Germany | 927 | 2026 | Skyborn Renewables | [173] | |
| Sunrise Wind | United States | 880 | 2024 | NYSERDA | [174][175][176] | |
| Empire Wind | United States | 40.329226°N 73.507861°W | 816 | 2024 | NYSERDA | [177][178][179][175][176] |
| Park City Wind | United States | 804 | 2025 | Connecticut DEEP | [180] | |
| Kitty Hawk Wind | United States | 800 | 2026 | 800 MW in Phase 1, proposed total of 2500 MW BOEM | [181][182] | |
| Hollandse Kust (West) VI | Netherlands | 750 | 2026 | Shell, Eneco | [183] | |
| Hollandse Kust (West) VII | Netherlands | 750 | 2026 | RWE | [183] | |
| OWF Bałtyk II | Poland | 720 | 2026 | Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[184] | [143] | |
| OWF Bałtyk III | Poland | 720 | 2026 | Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[185] | [143] | |
| Baltic Sea Energy Island I | Lithuania | 55.916667°N 20.333333°E | 700 | 2028 | Expected to be finished by 2028. Several investors who submitted bids are currently under evaluation by Lithuanian government.[186] | [187][188][189] |
| Baltic Sea Energy Island II | Lithuania | 700 | 2030 | Expected to be finished by 2030 after first wind park completed | [190] | |
| Noirmoutier | France | 488 | 2025 | Delivery and commissioning expected for 2025. Project will consist of 61 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD.[191][192] | [193][194] |
Largest cancelled wind farms
| Ocean Wind 1 | United States | 39.366111°N 74.414167°W | 1,100 | 2024 | NJBPU | [195][196][197][198][199] |
| Ocean Wind 2 | United States | 1,148 | 2027 | NJBPU | [145][200] |
Other notable offshore wind farms
| Wind farm | Country | Coordinates | Year | Notability | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vindeby | Denmark | 54°58′N 11°08′E | 1991 | First offshore wind farm; 11 × Bonus 450 kW. Decommissioned in 2017. | [201][202][203][204][205][206][207] |
| Beatrice | United Kingdom | 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W | 2007 | Deepest fixed-foundation at 45-metre water depth. 2 × Senvion 5 MW prototype turbines | [208][209][210] |
| Yttre Stengrund | Sweden | 56°12′N 16°00′E | 2001 | First offshore wind farm to be decommissioned (in November 2015) | |
| Fryslân | Netherlands | 53°00′00″N 5°16′00″E | 2021 | Largest freshwater wind farm with a total capacity of 382.7 MW | [211][212] |
| Hywind | Norway | 2009 | First full-scale, deep-water floating turbine: Siemens 2.3 MW turbine in 220 meter-deep water | [213][214] | |
| Hywind Scotland | United Kingdom | 57°28′59″N 1°21′00″W | 2017 | First full-scale, deep-water floating wind farm, at 30 MW capacity | [215] |
| Hywind Tampen | Norway | 61°20′02″N 2°15′34″E | 2022 | Currently the largest deep-water floating wind farm with 88 MW capacity. Built specifically to power offshore oil and gas platforms. | [216] |
