List of orbital launch systems

List of orbital rockets From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of conventional orbital launch systems. This is composed of launch vehicles, and other conventional systems, used to place satellites into orbit.

Argentina

ORBIT II – Retired^[1]
TRONADOR – Under Development^[2]

Australia

AUSROC IV – Cancelled^[3]
Austral Launch Vehicle – Under Development
Eris (Gilmour Space Technologies) – Under Development

Brazil

VLS-1 – Retired
VLM – Under Development
MLBR –Under Development

Canada

Aurora - Under Development^[4]

China

Several rockets of the Long March family

CASC Launchers

Long March
- Long March 1 – Retired
  - Long March 1D
- Long March 2
  - Long March 2A – Retired
  - Long March 2C
  - Long March 2D
  - Long March 2E – Retired
  - Long March 2F
    - Long March 2F/G
    - Long March 2F/T
- Long March 3 – Retired
  - Long March 3A – Retired
  - Long March 3B – Retired
    - Long March 3B/E
  - Long March 3C – Retired
    - Long March 3C/E
- Long March 4
  - Long March 4A – Retired
  - Long March 4B
  - Long March 4C
- Long March 5
  - Long March 5B
- Long March 6
  - Long March 6A
  - Long March 6C
- Long March 7
  - Long March 7A
- Long March 8
  - Long March 8A
- Long March 9 – Under Development
- Long March 10– Under Development
  - Long March 10A
- Long March 11
- Long March 12

Other

Feng Bao 1 – Retired
Ceres-1
- Ceres-1S
- Ceres-2 - Under development
Gravity
- Gravity-1
- Gravity-2 – Under development
Hyperbola-1
- Hyperbola-3
Jielong
- Jielong 1
- Jielong 3
Kaituozhe-1 – Retired
Kuaizhou
- Kuaizhou 1 - Retired
- Kuaizhou 1A - Retired
- Kuaizhou 1A Pro
- Kuaizhou 11
Tianlong-2
- Tianlong-3
Zhuque
- Zhuque-1 – Retired
- Zhuque-2 - Retired
- Zhuque-2E
- Zhuque-3 – Under Development
Kinetica 1
- Kinetica 2 - Under development

European Union

Ariane 5

Ariane
- Ariane 1 – Retired
- Ariane 2 – Retired
- Ariane 3 – Retired
- Ariane 4 – Retired
- Ariane 5 – Retired
- Ariane 6 – Operational
- Ariane Next – Under Development
Europa – Retired
- Europa I – Retired
- Europa II – Retired
Maia – Under Development
Vega
- Vega – Retired
- Vega-C – Operational
- Vega-E – Under Development

France

Diamant – Retired
- Diamant A – Retired 1965-1967^[5]
- Diamant B – Retired 1970-1971^[5]
- Diamant BP4 – Retired 1972-1975^[5]
Zéphyr (Latitude) – Under Development

Germany

OTRAG – Retired
Spectrum (Isar Aerospace) – Under Development^[6]
RFA One (Rocket Factory Augsburg AG) – Under Development
SL1 (HyImpulse) – Under Development

India

ISRO's launch vehicles. Left to right: SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, LVM3

Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HRLV)

ISRO/DoS systems

SLV-3 – Retired
Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) – Retired
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)
- PSLV-G – Retired
- PSLV-CA – Operational
- PSLV-XL – Operational
- PSLV-DL – Operational
- PSLV-QL – Operational
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
- GSLV Mark I – Retired
- GSLV Mark II – Operational
- RLV TD: GSLV derived ascent vehicle for RLV ORE campaign.^[7]^[8]^[9]
Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM-3)
- LVM3 – Operational
- Human-rated LVM3 – Under development
- LVM3 with semi-cryogenic engine – Under development
Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) – Operational
Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) – Under development^[10]^[11]

Private agencies

Vikram (Skyroot Aerospace):
- Vikram-I – Operational
- Vikram-II – Under development

The Vikram series of Skyroot Aerospace

Agnibaan (AgniKul Cosmos): – Under development

Razor Crest Mk I (EtherealX) – Under development
Mach Blue (Cosmicport) – Under development

Iran

Simorgh SLV

Safir – Retired
Simorgh – Operational
Qased – Operational
Qaem 100 – Operational
Qaem 105 – Under Development
Zuljanah – Operational

Iraq

Al Abid – Abandoned in R&D phase^[12]

Israel

Shavit 2

Italy

SISPRE C-41 – Retired
Italian LTV SCOUT (jointly with United States of America) – Retired
AERITALIA/SNIA/BPD ALFA – Retired
ALENIA/SNIA-BPD SAN MARCO SCOUT (jointly with NASA) – Cancelled
Vega (jointly with European Space Agency)
- Vega – Retired
- Vega-C – Operational
T4i Odyssey – Under Development

Japan

Mu rockets

H-II series

Active

H3 (JAXA)
KAIROS (Space One)

Inactive

Lambda (ISAS) – Retired
- L-4S
Mu (ISAS) – Retired
- M-4S [ja]^[13]
- M-3C [ja]^[14]
- M-3H [ja]^[15]
- M-3S [ja; pl]^[16]
- M-3SII [ja; pl]^[17]
- M-V
N (NASDA) – Retired
- N-I
- N-II
H-I (NASDA) – Retired
H-II — Retired
- H-II (NASDA)
- H-IIA (JAXA)
- H-IIB (JAXA)
J-I (NASDA/ISAS) – Retired
GX (Galaxy Express) – Cancelled
Epsilon (JAXA) – Retired
- Epsilon S (JAXA) – Under Development
SS-520 (JAXA) – Retired
ZERO (Interstellar Technologies) – Under Development
DECA (Interstellar Technologies) – Under Development

Malaysia

DNLV (Independence-X Aerospace) – Under Development

New Zealand

Electron (Rocket Lab, developed in New Zealand^[18] and the United States)
Neutron – Under Development

North Korea

Chollima-1
Paektusan-1 – Retired
Unha
- Unha-2 – Retired
- Unha-3

Taiwan

TSLV – Under Development^[19]^[20]
Hapith V – Under Development^[21]^[22]
HTTP-3a – Under Development^[23]

Philippines

Haribon SLS-1 (OrbitX) – Under Development

Romania

Haas – Under Development

Singapore

Volans (Equatorial Space Systems) – Under Development

Soviet Union and successor states (Russia and Ukraine)

Russia/USSR

Proton-K

Soyuz-FG

Dnepr-1

Angara Family

Angara
CORONA (SSTO) – Open
Kosmos – Retired
- Kosmos-1
- Kosmos-2I
- Kosmos-3
- Kosmos-3M
Lin Industrial projects^[24]
- Adler – Under Development^[25]
- Aldan – Under Development^[26]
- Aniva – Under Development^[27]
- Taymyr – Under Development^[28]
- Vyuga – Under Development
N1 – Retired
R-7
- Luna – Retired
- Molniya – Retired
  - Molniya-M
  - Molniya-L
- Polyot – Retired
- Soyuz family
  - Soyuz – Retired
    - Soyuz-L
    - Soyuz-M
    - Soyuz-U
      - Soyuz-U2
      - Soyuz-FG
  - Soyuz-2
    - Soyuz 2.1A
    - Soyuz 2.1B
    - Soyuz 2.1V – Retired
- Sputnik – Retired
- Stalker (rocket)^[29]
- Voskhod – Retired
- Vostok – Retired
  - Vostok-L
  - Vostok-K
  - Vostok-2
  - Vostok-2M
  - Soyuz/Vostok
R-29
- Shtil'
- Volna
Rus-M – Canceled
Start-1
Soyuz-5 family - Under Development
- Irtysh - Under Development
- Yenisey - Under Development
- Don - Under Development
Soyuz-7 family - Under Development
- Amur - Under Development
Universal Rocket
- UR-100
  - Rokot
  - Strela
- Proton (UR-500) – Retired
  - Proton-K
  - Proton-M
Energia – Retired

Ukraine

Zenit
- Zenit 2 – Retired
- Zenit-2M – Retired
- Zenit-3SL
- Zenit 3SLB
- Zenit-3F
R-36
- Dnepr
- Tsyklon
  - Tsyklon-2 – Retired
  - Tsyklon-3 – Retired
  - Tsyklon-4 – Abandoned
    - Cyclone-4M – Under Development^[30]

South Africa

RSA – Cancelled
- RSA-1
- RSA-2
- RSA-3
CHEETAH-1 – Under Development^[31]

South Korea

Blue Whale 1 (Perigee Aerospace) – Under Development
HANBIT family (Innospace)^[32]
- HANBIT-Micro – Under Development
- HANBIT-Mini – Under Development
- HANBIT-NANO
- HANBIT-TLV
Korea Space Launch Vehicle family (KSLV)
- KSLV-I (Naro) – Retired^[33]^[34]
- KSLV-II (Nuri)
- KSLV-III – Under Development
Solid-fuel space launch vehicle family
- Solid-fueled GYŪB‑TV1 (Test Vehicle 1)
- Solid-fueled GYŪB‑TV2 (Test Vehicle 2)
- Solid-fueled LV – Under Development

Spain

INTA Family
- INTA Capricornio – Cancelled
- INTA Programa PILUM – Under Development
PLD Space Family
- PLD Space Miura Next – Under development
- PLD Space Miura 5 – Under development
- PLD Space Miura 1 – Operational^[35]
Pangea Aerospace Family
- Pangea Aerospace Meso – Under development
Zero 2 Infinity Family
- Zero 2 Infinity Bloostar – Under development
Celestia Aerospace Family
- Celestia Aerospace Sagittarius – Under development

Turkey

UFS – Under Development since 2007^[36]

United Kingdom

Black Arrow – Retired
Black Prince – Cancelled^[37]
Prime (Orbex) – Under Development^[38]
Skyrora XL (Skyrora) – Under Development^[39]
Skylon (Reaction Engines) – Cancelled

United States

Active

Atlas rockets

Delta rockets

Falcon rockets and Starship

Alpha (Firefly Aerospace)
Antares (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
Atlas V (United Launch Alliance)(Nearing Retirement)
Electron (Rocket Lab) (New Zealand/United States company)
Minotaur (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
Pegasus (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
Space Launch System (NASA)
SpaceX launch vehicles
- Falcon 9 Block 5 – Operational
- Falcon Heavy – Operational
- Starship – In testing
New Glenn (Blue Origin)^[40]
Vulcan Centaur (United Launch Alliance)

Inactive

Comparison of Saturn V, Space Shuttle, three Ares rockets, and SLS Block 1

Titan rockets

Ares – Canceled
- Ares I
- Ares IV
- Ares V
Astra Space launch vehicles
- Rocket 3 – Retired
- Rocket 4 – Under development
Athena – Retired
- Athena I
- Athena II
Atlas
- Atlas B – Retired
- Atlas D – Retired
- Atlas-Able – Retired
- Atlas-Agena – Retired
- Atlas E/F – Retired
- Atlas H – Retired
- Atlas LV-3B – Retired
- Atlas SLV-3 – Retired
- Atlas-Centaur – Retired
  - Atlas G – Retired
  - Atlas I – Retired
  - Atlas II – Retired
  - Atlas III – Retired
Conestoga – Retired
LauncherOne
Minotaur
- Minotaur I
- Minotaur IV
- Minotaur V
- Minotaur-C
Nova (Stoke Space) – Under development
OmegA – Canceled
Orbital Accelerator (SpinLaunch) – Under Development^[41]
Phantom Express – Canceled
Pilot – Retired
Redstone – Retired
- Juno I
- Sparta
Jupiter
- Juno II
Relativity Space launch vehicles
- Terran 1 – Retired
- Terran R – Under Development
RS1 (ABL Space Systems) – Retired
Saturn
- Saturn I – Retired 1961-1963^[42]^[43]
  - Saturn IB – Retired 1966-1975^[44]^[45]
- Saturn V – Retired 1967-1973^[46]
Scout – Retired
- Scout X-1
- Scout X-2
- Scout X-2B
- Scout X-2M
- Scout X-3
- Scout X-3M
- Scout X-4
- Scout A
- Scout A-1
- Scout B
- Scout B-1
- Scout D-1
- Scout E-1
- Scout F-1
- Scout G-1
Space Shuttle – Retired
SpaceX launch vehicles
- Falcon 1 – Retired
- Falcon 1e – Canceled
- Falcon 5 – Canceled
- Falcon 9
  - Falcon 9 Air – Canceled
  - Falcon 9 v1.0 – Retired
  - Falcon 9 v1.1 – Retired
  - Falcon 9 Full Thrust – Retired
Thor – Retired
- Thor-Able
- Thor-Ablestar
- Thor-Agena
  - Thorad-Agena
- Thor-Burner
- Thor DSV-2U
- Delta
  - Thor-Delta
  - Delta A
  - Delta B
  - Delta C
  - Delta D
  - Delta E
  - Delta G
  - Delta J
  - Delta L
  - Delta M
  - Delta N
  - Delta II
  - Delta III
  - Delta IV
  - Delta IV Heavy
Titan – Retired
- Titan II GLV
- Titan 23G
- Titan IIIA
- Titan IIIB
- Titan IIIC
- Titan IIID
- Titan IIIE
- Titan 34D
- Commercial Titan III
- Titan IV
Vanguard – Retired
Vector-R – Under Development
Vector-H – Under Development

See also

Comparison of orbital launch systems
Comparison of orbital launcher families
Lists of orbital launch vehicles by payload capacity:
- Small-lift launch vehicle (up to 2,000 kg to Low Earth Orbit (LEO))
- Medium-lift launch vehicle (from 2,000 to 20,000 kg to LEO)
- Heavy-lift launch vehicle (from 20,000 to 50,000 kg to LEO)
- Super heavy-lift launch vehicle (beyond 50,000 kg to LEO)

References

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