List of political parties in Palestine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following political parties, listed in alphabetic order, have taken part in recent elections for the Palestinian National Authority in Palestine.

Brief history and overview

In 1994, The Palestinian Authority was formed, the governing body for the interim period pending final status negotiations. The President of the State of Palestine is the highest-ranking political position, the equivalent to head of state, in the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). The President is elected by popular elections. The Palestinian Legislative Council is the legislature of the Palestinian Authority. It is not to be confused with the Palestinian National Council, which remains the national legislature of the Palestinian people as a whole. The PLC passed a new law in June 2005 increasing the number of MPs from 88 to 132, stipulating that half be elected under a system of proportional representation and half by traditional constituencies.^{[citation needed]}

Legislative Council members

More information Party, Abbr. ...

	Abbr.	Founded	Leader	Political position	Legislative Council
Islamic Resistance Movement Arabic: حركة المقاومة الإسلامية Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-ʾIslāmiyyah	Hamas حماس	1987	Khaled Mashal	Right-wing	74 / 132
Palestinian National Liberation Movement Arabic: حركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني Ḥarakat at-Taḥrīr al-Waṭanī al-Filasṭīnī	Fatah فتح	1965	Mahmoud Abbas	Centre^[6] to centre-left	45 / 132
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين al-Jabhah al-Sha`biyyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn	PFLP	1967	Ahmad Sa'adat	Far-left	3 / 132
Third Way Arabic: الطريق الثالث aṭ-Ṭarīq ath-Thālith		2005	Salam Fayyad	Left-wing^[7] (Liberalism)^[7]	2 / 132
Palestinian National Initiative Arabic: المبادرة الوطنية الفلسطينية al-Mubādara al-Waṭaniyya al-Filasṭīniyya	PNI	2002	Mustafa Barghouti	Left-wing	2 / 132
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Arabic: الجبهة الديموقراطية لتحرير فلسطين al-Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭiyya li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn	DFLP	1968	Nayef Hawatmeh	Far-left	1 / 132
Palestinian People's Party Arabic: حزب الشعب الفلسطيني Ḥizb al-Sha'b al-Filasṭīnī	PPP	1982	Bassam as-Salhi	Left-wing	1 / 132
Independent	N/a				4 / 132

Unrepresented parties

More information Party, Abbr. ...

	Abbr.	Founded	Political position	Founder
Liberty Arabic: الحرية al-Huriyatu		2005	Centre-left	Marwan Barghouti
Arab Liberation Front Arabic: جبهة التحرير العربية Jabhet al-Tahrir al-'Arabiyah	ALF	1969	Right-wing^[a]	Rakad Salem
Vanguard for the Popular Liberation War - Lightning Forces طلائع حرب التحرير الشعبية - قوات الصاعقة Ṭalāʾiʿ ḥarb al-taḥrīr al-shaʿbiyya - Quwwāt as-Ṣāʾiqa	As-Sa'iqa الصاعقة	1966	Far-left^[b]	Farhan Abu Hayja
Palestinian Liberation Front Arabic: جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية al-Jabha li-Tahrir al-Filastiniyya	PLF	1959		Wasel Abu Yousef
Palestinian Liberation Front (Abu Nidal Ashqar wing) Arabic: جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية (جناح أبو نضال الأشقر)	PLF (ANAW)	1983		Abu Nidal Ashqar
Palestinian Liberation Front (Abd ul-Fattah Ghanim wing) Arabic: جبهة التحرير الفلسطينية (جناح عبد الفتاح غانم)	PLF (AFGW)	1983		Abd ul-Fattah Ghanim
Palestinian Arab Front Arabic: الجبهة العربية الفلسطينية Al-Jabhet Al-'Arabiya Al-Falestiniyeh	PAF	1993	Left-wing	Jameel Shihadeh
Palestinian Democratic Union Arabic: الاتحاد الديمقراطي الفلسطيني‎ Al-Ittihad al-Dimuqrati al-Filastini	FIDA	1990	Left-wing	Saleh Ra'fat
Palestinian Communist Party Arabic: الحزب الشيوعي الفلسطيني al-Hizb al-Shuyueiu al-Filastiniu	PCP	1991	Far-left	Mahmoud Sa'adeh
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front Arabic: جبهة النضال الشعبي الفلسطيني Jabhet Al-Nedal Al-Sha'abi Al-Falestini	PPSF	1967	Left-wing	Ahmed Majdalani
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (Khalid ʽAbd al-Majid) Arabic: جبهة النضال الشعبي الفلسطيني (خالد عبد المجيد)	PPSF (KAM)	1991	Left-wing	Khalid ʽAbd al-Majid
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين – القيادة العامة	PFLP-GC	1968	Left-wing^[c]	Ahmed Jibril
Reform and Development Party Arabic: حزب الإصلاح والتنمية	RDPP	2019
Revolutionary Palestinian Communist Party Arabic: الحزب الشيوعي الفلسطيني-الثوري	RPCP	1982	Far-left	Arabi Awwad
National Coalition for Justice and Democracy Arabic: الائتلاف الوطني من أجل العدالة والديمقراطية	Wa'ad	2004	Left-wing	Eyad El-Sarraj
Palestinian Justice Arabic: العدالة الفلسطينية	PJP	2005		Usâma Salîm Muhammad
Palestinian Freedom Movement Arabic: حركة الأحرار الفلسطينية	Fatah al-Yasir	2007	Right-wing	Khalid Abu-Hilal
Palestinian Mujahideen Movement Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية	PMM	2001	Right-wing	Asaad Abu Sharia

Alliances

More information Party, Founded ...

	Founded	Political position	Status
Alliance of Palestinian Forces Arabic: تحالف القوى الفلسطينية	1993	Big tent	Active
Palestinian National and Islamic Forces	2000	Big tent	Active
Ahd Bloc Arabic: كتلة العهد	2005	Left-wing	Defunct
The Alternative Arabic: البديل al-Badeel	2006	Left-wing	Defunct
Bethlehem Brotherhood and Development Arabic: بيت لحم تآخي وتطوير	2005	Left-wing	Defunct
Democratic Alliance Arabic: التحالف الديمقراطي	1980s	Left-wing	Defunct
Democratic Alliance List Arabic: قائمة التحالف الديمقراطي	2016	Left-wing	Defunct
Freedom and Social Justice	2006	Left-wing	Defunct
Hope and Labour Bloc Arabic: كتلة الأمل والعمل	2005	Center-left	Defunct
Palestinian National Alliance Arabic: التحالف الوطني الفلسطيني	1983	Left-wing	Defunct
Palestinian National Salvation Front Arabic: جبهة الانقاذ الوطني الفلسطيني	1985	Left-wing	Defunct
Reform Bloc Arabic: كتلة الاصلاح Kutla Al-Islah	2005	Right-wing	Defunct
Rejectionist Front Arabic: جبهة الرفض	1974	Left-wing	Defunct
Sons of the Land (Beit Jala)	2005	Left-wing	Defunct
Unified National Leadership of the Uprising al-Qiyada al Muwhhada	1989	Left-wing	Active
United Beit Jala	2005	Left-wing	Defunct
United Bethlehem Bloc Arabic: كتلة بيت لحم الموحدة Kutla Beit Laham Al-Muwahida	2005	Left-wing	Defunct
Wafaa Bloc Arabic: كتلة الوفاء	2005	Right-wing	Defunct

Defunct parties

More information Party, Founded ...

	Founded	Political position	Founder
Al-Mustaqbal المستقبل The Future	2005	Centre-left to Left-wing	Marwan Barghouti
National Bloc الكتلة الوطنية al-Kutla al-Wataniyya	1935	Right-wing	Abd al-Latif Salah
Youth Congress Party Arabic: مؤتمر الشباب العربي	1932	Right-wing	Yaqub al-Ghusayn
Reform Party Arabic: حزب الإصلاح	1935	Left-wing	Hussein Khalidi
Liberal Party Arabic: الحزب الحر	1930	Centre	Fahmi al-Husseini
Palestine Arab Party Arabic: الحزب العربي الفلسطيني	1935	Right-wing	Jamal al-Husayni
National Defense Party Arabic: حزب الدفاع الوطني	1934	Centre	Raghib al-Nashashibi
Independence Party Arabic: حزب الاستقلال	1932	Right-wing	Izzat Darwaza
Arab Palestine Organization Arabic: منظمة فلسطين العربية	1969	Left-wing
Arab People's Movement Arabic: الحركة الشعبية العربية	1977	Centre-left to left-wing	Naji Alush
League of Palestinian Communists Arabic: عصبة الشيوعيين الفلسطينيين	1982	Far-left
Palestine Popular Liberation Organization Arabic: المنظمة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين	1964	Far-left	Muhammad Fayyad Ibrahim Khraysha
Palestinian Communist Workers Party Arabic: حزب العمال الشيوعي الفلسطيني	1978	Far-left
Palestinian National Liberation Front Arabic: جبهة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني	1968	Big tent	Hassan Sabarini (Abohelmi)
Palestinian Popular Committees Arabic: اللجان الشعبية الفلسطينية	1983	Far-left
Palestinian Revolutionary Left League Arabic: عصبة اليسار الثوري الفلسطيني	1969	Far-left
Popular Revolutionary Front for the Liberation of Palestine Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية الثورية لتحرير فلسطين Al-Jabhat ash-Sha'biyah at-Thawriyah li-Tahrir Filastin	1972	Far-left
Communist Party of Palestine Yiddish: קאָמוניסט פארטיי פון פּאַלעסטינע	1922	Far-left
National Liberation League in Palestine Arabic: عصبة التحرر الوطني في فلسطين ʿUṣbat at-Taḥrīr al-Waṭaniyy fi Filasṭīn	1943	Far-left
Palestine Communist Party Yiddish: פאלעסטינישע קומוניסטישע פארטיי Palestinische Komunistische Partei Arabic: الحزب الشيوعي الفلسطيني	1923	Far-left
Palestinian Communist Party (1922) Yiddish: פּאלעסטיניטשע קאמוניסט פארטיי	1922	Far-left
Revolutionary Communist League (Mandatory Palestine) Hebrew: הליגה הקומוניסטית המהפכנית Brit Kommunistim Mahapchanin	1930s	Far-left
Socialist Workers Party (Mandatory Palestine) Hebrew: מפלגת הפועלים הסוציאליסטית	1919	Far-left

Notes

[a]
Due to its affiliation with Saddamism
[b]
Due to its association with the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
[c]
Still considers itself nominally socialist

References

[1]
Colin P. Clarke, ed. (2018). Terrorism. The PLO is comprised of centrist-nationalist groups (such as al-Fatah), rightist groups, leftist groups (including communists), militant groups, and nonmilitant groups.
[2]
Christina, Rachel (2006). Tend the Olive, Water the Vine: Globalization and the Negotiation of Early Childhood in Palestine. IAP-Information. p. xxi. ISBN 9781607525592. A Palestinian organization, affiliated with the centrist Fatah movement, which filtered funds from the Palestinian diaspora back into social services in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
[3]
Marshall Breger; Yitzhak Reiter; Leonard Hammer, eds. (2013). Sacred Space in Israel and Palestine: Religion and Politics. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136490330. Even Fatah (the centrist party of the Palestine Liberation Organization led by Yasser Arafat), which had supported Hamas's Gazan campaign against the Communist Party and the Popular and Democratic Fronts, suffered the onslaughts of the movement just prior to the outbreak of the Intifada.
[4]
Halabi, Yakub (2016). Democratic Peace Across the Middle East: Islam and Political Modernisation. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 9780857728821. The failure of the Palestinian left in consolidating a counterweight to the right-wing Islamic Hamas or to the centrist Fatah, furthermore, left Palestinian voters with no viable alternative to Hamas or Fatah.
[5]
Avi Tuschman, ed. (September 3, 2013). Our Political Nature: The Evolutionary Origins of What Divides Us. Prometheus Books. p. 53. ISBN 9781616148249. On the Muslim Palestinian side, respondents with the lowest scores sup- ported left-wing parties; intermediate scorers supported the centrist Fatah party; and those who scored highest supported Hamas and Islamic Jihad (which have "destroy Israel" ideologies).
[6]
^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
[7]
Jamal, Manal A. (2013). "Beyond Fateh Corruption and Mass Discontent: Hamas, the Palestinian Left and the 2006 Legislative Elections". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 40 (3). Taylor & Francis, Ltd: 273–294. doi:10.1080/13530194.2013.791135.