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↑Maria Cizmic, Transcending the Icon: Spirituality and Postmodernism in Arvo Pärt’s Tabula Rasa and Spiegel im Spiegel, Twentieth-Century Music 5, no. 1 (March 2008): 45-78
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12Christopher Butler, After the Wake: An Essay on the Contemporary Avant-Garde (Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1980): p.7.
1234 Beate Kutschke, "The Celebration of Beethoven’s Bicentennial in 1970: The Antiauthoritarian Movement and Its Impact on Radical Avant-garde and Postmodern Music in West Germany", The Musical Quarterly 93, nos. 3–4 (Fall–Winter 2010): 560–615, citation on p.582.
12David Beard and Kenneth Gloag, Musicology: The Key Concepts (New York: Routledge, 2005): p.142. ISBN978-0-415-31692-7.
↑Mâche, François Bernard, ed. (2001). Portrait(s) de Iannis Xenakis. Portrait(s). Paris: Bibliothèque nationale de France. ISBN978-2-7177-2178-2.
↑Searby, Michael D. (2010). Ligeti's stylistic crisis: transformation in his musical style, 1974-1985. Lanham (Md.): Scarecrow Press. ISBN978-0-8108-7250-9.
↑Steven Connor, "The Decomposing Voice of Postmodern Music". New Literary History 32, no. 3: Voice and Human Experience (Summer 2001): 467–83, citation on pp.477–78; Jonathan Kramer, "The Nature and Origins of Musical Postmodernism", in Postmodern Music/Postmodern Thought, edited by Judy Lochhead and Joseph Aunder, 13–26 (New York: Routledge, 2002): p.14. ISBN0-8153-3820-1.
↑ Geoffrey Morris, "The Guitar Works of Aldo Clementi", Contemporary Music Review 28, no. 6 (Aldo Clementi: Mirror of time I, 2009): pp.559–86, citation on 559.
↑Christopher Butler, After the Wake: An Essay on the Contemporary Avant-Garde (Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press,1980): p.7.
123David Beard and Kenneth Gloag, Musicology: The Key Concepts (New York: Routledge, 2005): p.143. ISBN978-0-415-31692-7.
↑Jonathan Kramer, "The Nature and Origins of Musical Postmodernism", in Postmodern Music/Postmodern Thought, edited by Judy Lochhead and Joseph Aunder, pp.13–26 (New York: Routledge, 2002): p.13. ISBN0-8153-3820-1.
↑Christopher Fox, "Tempestuous Times: The Recent Music of Thomas Adès", The Musical Times 145, No. 1888 (Autumn 2004): 41–56, citation on p.53.
123 Georgina Born, Rationalizing Culture: IRCAM, Boulez, and the Institutionalization of the Musical Avant-Garde (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1995): p.56).
↑Nicole V. Gagné, Historical Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Classical Music, Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2012): pp.90–91. ISBN0-8108-6765-6.
↑ Robert Carl, "Six Case Studies in New American Music: A Postmodern Portrait Gallery", College Music Symposium 30, no. 1 (Spring 1990): pp.45–63, citation on pp.45–48.
↑Robert Carl, "Six Case Studies in New American Music: A Postmodern Portrait Gallery", College Music Symposium 30, no. 1 (Spring 1990): pp.45–63, citations on pp.45, 51–54; Jonathan Kramer, "The Nature and Origins of Musical Postmodernism", in Postmodern Music/Postmodern Thought, edited by Judy Lochhead and Joseph Aunder, 13–26 (New York: Routledge, 2002): p.13. ISBN0-8153-3820-1.
↑Nicole V. Gagné, Historical Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Classical Music, Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2012): pp.12, 19. ISBN0-8108-6765-6.
↑Robert Carl, "Six Case Studies in New American Music: A Postmodern Portrait Gallery", College Music Symposium 30, no. 1 (Spring 1990): pp.45–63, citation on pp.45, 59–63.
↑Nicole V. Gagné, Historical Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Classical Music, Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2012): pp.44–45, 208. ISBN0-8108-6765-6.
↑Georgina Born, Rationalizing Culture: IRCAM, Boulez, and the Institutionalization of the Musical Avant-Garde (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1995): p.56; Jann Pasler, "Postmodernism", Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online (accessed 11 December 2015) (subscription required).
↑Jonathan Kramer, "The Nature and Origins of Musical Postmodernism", in Postmodern Music/Postmodern Thought, edited by Judy Lochhead and Joseph Aunder, 13–26 (New York: Routledge, 2002): p.14. ISBN0-8153-3820-1.