List of wars: 1990–2002

This is a list of wars that began between 1990 and 2002. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

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Started	Ended	Name of Conflict	Belligerents
Started	Ended	Name of Conflict	Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
1990	Ongoing	DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey	Government of Turkey Turkish Armed Forces Turkish Land Forces Turkish Air Force Turkish Naval Forces Turkish Gendarmerie JİTEM Special Forces Command General Directorate of Security Riot Police Police Special Operation Department Ministry of Foreign Affairs National Defense Ministry of the Interior	DHKP/C^[1] TKP/ML^[1] MLKP Communist Party of Turkey (Workers Voice) Supported by: Syria (Until 2024)^[2]
1990	1995	Eelam War II Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War	Sri Lanka	Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
1990	1991	Gulf War Part of the Gulf War	United States United Kingdom France Saudi Arabia Egypt Kuwait Coalition: Afghan mujahideen^[3] Argentina Australia Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Canada Czechoslovakia Denmark Germany Greece Honduras Hungary Italy Japan Luxembourg Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Niger Norway Oman Pakistan Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates	Iraq
1990	1994	Rwandan Civil War	Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)	Rwanda Zaire (1990) France
1990	1990	1990 Mindanao crisis Part of the 1986–90 Philippine coup attempts	Philippines	Federal Republic of Mindanao
1990	1992	Transnistria War Part of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Transnistria conflict	Transnistria Russia^[4]^[5] Supported by: Ukraine^[6]	/ Moldova^[a] Supported by: Romania
1990	1995	Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995) Part of the Tuareg rebellions	Niger Mali Ganda Koy	Mali: Arab Islamic Front of Azawad (FIAA), Popular Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MPLA), United Movements and Fronts of Azawad (MFUA). Niger: Front for the Liberation of Aïr and Azaouak (FLAA), Front for the Liberation of Tamoust, (FLT), CRA & ORA coalitions (1994–95)
1991	1992	1991–1992 South Ossetia War Part of the Georgian–Ossetian conflict, Georgian Civil War, and Dissolution of the Soviet Union	South Ossetia Russia^[7] (1992)	Georgia
1981/1988/1991 (disputed)	Ongoing	Somali Civil War Part of the Conflicts in the Horn of Africa, The Ethiopian-Somali conflict, War against the Islamic State, Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa, and Global War on Terrorism	1980s–1991: Somali Democratic Republic SNA (until 1991) Supported by: Djibouti^[8]^[9] Italy^[10] Libya^[11]^[12] Saudi Arabia^[11] South Africa^[12] United States^[13]^[14]^[11] 1991–1995: United Nations UNOSOM I Australia Austria Belgium Botswana Canada Czechia Egypt Fiji Finland Indonesia Jordan Morocco New Zealand Norway Pakistan Zimbabwe UNITAF Australia Bangladesh Belgium Botswana Canada Egypt Ethiopia France Germany Greece India Indonesia Italy Kuwait Malaysia Morocco New Zealand Nigeria Norway Pakistan Saudi Arabia Spain Tunisia Turkey UAE United Kingdom United States Zimbabwe UNOSOM II Algeria Australia^[15] Austria^[16] Bangladesh^[17] Belgium^[18] Botswana Canada Denmark Egypt Fiji Finland France^[19] Germany^[20] Greece India Indonesia Ireland Italy Jordan Kuwait Malaysia Morocco Nepal New Zealand Nigeria Norway Pakistan Philippines Romania Saudi Arabia South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Tunisia Turkey United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Zimbabwe 1995–2006: Interim Government TNG ARPCT USC JVA RRA Galmudug Jubaland Puntland UNPOS 2006–2009: Invasion: Ethiopia TFG United States^[21] Supported by: Kenya^[22] Insurgency: Ethiopia TFG Puntland Galmudug Supported by: Malawi^[23] United States IGASOM^[24] Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Sudan Uganda AMISOM^[25] Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Nigeria Sierra Leone Uganda Allied armed groups: ARPCT ASWJ UNPOS 2009–present: Somalia Somali Armed Forces^[25] Regional forces Ma'awisley^[26] Galmudug Galmudug Security Force Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a (until 2018)^[27] Himan and Heeb (until 2015) Hirshabelle Khatumo Southwestern Somalia United States^[25]^[28]^[29] U.S. Army U.S. Marine Corps U.S. Air Force U.S. Navy CIA AFRICOM China^[30]^[31] People's Armed Police AUSSOM (2025–present)^[25] Burundi (under discussion) Djibouti Egypt (under discussion) Ethiopia Kenya Uganda ATMIS (2022–2024)^[25] Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Kenya Uganda AMISOM (2007–2022)^[25] Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Nigeria Sierra Leone Uganda Allies France^[32] Italy^[33] Russia^[34]^[35] Turkey^[25]^[36] United Arab Emirates^[37] United Kingdom^[38] Non-combat support: European Union^[39] EUTM Somalia UNPOS (1995–2013) UNSOM (2013–2024) Brazil Finland Germany Ghana India Indonesia Nepal Sierra Leone Sweden Thailand Turkey Uganda United Kingdom Zimbabwe UNTMIS (2025–present) UNSOA (2009–2016) UNSOS (2016–present) Independent regional forces Puntland Puntland Security Force Puntland Dervish Force Puntland Maritime Police Force Jubaland Jubaland Dervish Force Raskamboni Movement	1980s–1991: Armed rebel groups USC SSDF SPM Supported by: Ethiopia^[40]^[41] 1980s–1991: Somali National Movement Supported by: Ethiopia^[42]^[43] 1991–1995: USC SNA Al-Itihaad 1995–2006: SRRC SNA SPM-Harti Islamic Courts Union 1995–2006: Somaliland 2006–2009: Invasion: Islamic Courts Union Supported by: Eritrea ONLF^[44]^[45] Insurgency: Al-Shabaab ICU loyalists Hizbul Islam Ras Kamboni Brigades Jabhatul Islamiya Muaskar Anole ARS 2006–2009: Somaliland 2009–present: Al-Qaeda and allies Al-Shabaab AQAP AQIM Hizbul Islam (until 2010; 2012–2013) Alleged state allies: Eritrea^[46] Iran^[47] Quds Force^[48] Qatar^[49] Alleged non-state allies: Houthis^[50]^[51] Somali pirates^[52] Islamic State (since 2015)^[53]^[54] Somalia Wilayah Allies IS-YP^[55] Somali pirates^[52] 2009–present: Somaliland Somaliland Armed Forces SSB^[56]^[57] Alleged support: Ethiopia^[58] UAE^[59] United Kingdom Yemen European Union
1991	1991	Operation Traíra Part of the Colombian conflict and war on drugs	Brazil Brazilian Army Brazilian Air Force Brazilian Navy Colombia Colombian Army	FARC Comando Simón Bolívar
1991	1991	1991 Iraqi uprisings Part of the aftermath of the Gulf War	Ba'athist Iraq Ba'ath Party Iraqi Army Republican Guard Special Republican Guard Popular Army General Security Intelligence Service Special Security Support: MEK	Shia and leftist elements of opposition: SCIRI/Badr Brigades Dawa Communist Party Pro-Syrian Ba'athists Army deserters/defectors Kurdish rebels: Peshmerga: KDP PUK IMK CPK Jash deserters/defectors PDKI Diplomatic Support: United States^[60] Military Support Iran^[61]
1991	2002	Sierra Leone Civil War Part of the spillover of the First and Second Liberian Civil Wars	Sierra Leone SLA (before and after the AFRC)^[62] CDF (Kamajors, Tamaboros, Kapras, etc.)^[63] Foreign mercenaries United Kingdom (2000–2002) Guinea ECOMOG forces (1998–2000) Executive Outcomes (1995–1996) Supported by: United States Belarus^[64] UNAMSIL Bangladesh^[65] India Pakistan (2001–2005)^[66] Kenya Russia (1999–2005) Ukraine (1999–2005) Nigeria Norway^[67] New Zealand Ghana Jordan^[68] Germany	RUF AFRC (1997–2002) West Side Boys (1998–2000) Liberia (1997–2002) NPFL (1991–2002) Foreign mercenaries Supported by: Libya Burkina Faso
1991	1995	Croatian War of Independence Part of the Yugoslav Wars	1991–94: Croatia 1994–95: Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina	1991–92: SFR Yugoslavia SAO Krajina SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia SAO Western Slavonia 1992–95: Serbian Krajina Republika Srpska
1991	1991	Ten-Day War Part of the Yugoslav Wars	Slovenia	Yugoslavia
1991	1991	1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt Part of the Cold War, the Revolutions of 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union	Presidency of the Soviet Union Russian SFSR Supreme Soviet Congress of People's Deputies Council of Ministers Supporting republics:^[69] Armenia Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania Moldova Nakhichevan Ukraine Russian nationalists Russian liberals Anti-coup and pro-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations (Democratic Russia) Armenian Revolutionary Federation Popular Front of Azerbaijan Belarusian Popular Front All-National Congress of the Chechen People^[70] People's Movement of Ukraine UNA–UNSO Sąjūdis Diplomatic support: ^[71] Australia Bulgaria Canada Czechoslovakia Denmark EEC France Germany Holy See Hungary Israel Italy Japan Mongolia NATO New Zealand Poland Romania South Korea Taiwan Turkey United Kingdom United States Yugoslavia Croatia Slovenia	State Committee on the State of Emergency Taman Guards Kantemir Division Communist Party KGB Alpha Group Vympel Group Supporting republics:^[69]^[72] Abkhazia Azerbaijan Byelorussia Checheno-Ingushetia Gagauzia Tajikistan Tatarstan Transnistria Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Interfront: Intermovement IFWP Yedinstvo Unitate-Edinstvo International Movement of Donbass Communist Party of the RSFSR Communist Party of Estonia (CPSU) Communist Party of Latvia Communist Party of Lithuania Liberal Democratic Party^[73] Pro-coup and anti-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations Diplomatic support: ^[71]^[74] Afghanistan China Cuba Iraq Laos Libya North Korea Sudan PLO^[75] Vietnam Yugoslavia Serbia Montenegro
1991	1994	Djiboutian Civil War	Djibouti Supported by: France	FRUD
1991	1993	Georgian Civil War Part of the post-Soviet conflicts, the Wars in the Caucasus, and the Dissolution of the Soviet Union	Pro-Shevardnadze forces 22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992 Rebel factions of the National Guard Mkhedrioni Tetri Artsivi Merab Kostava Society Union of Afghans 2 January 1992 – 10 March 1992 Military Council^[76] Interim Government 10 March 1992 – October 1992 State Council Interim Government October 1992 – 31 December 1993 Government of Georgia Georgian Armed Forces Internal Troops of Georgia National Guard of Georgia Supported by: Russia	Pro-Gamsakhurdia forces 22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992 Government of Georgia National Guard of Georgia 6 January 1992 – March 1992 National Disobedience Committee^[76]^[77] March 1992 – September 1993 Gamsakhurdia's government-in-exile Partisans Units of the National Guard 2 September 1993 – 6 November 1993 Zugdidi-based government 6 November 1993 – 31 December 1993 Partisans Supported by: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
1992	2002	Algerian Civil War	Government of Algeria Minor involvement: Egypt^[78]^[79] Tunisia^[78]^[79] France^[79]^[80] European Union^[80] South Africa^[81]	Islamic Salvation Front loyalists Minor involvement: Morocco ^[79]^[82]^[83] Libya (until 1995)^[79] Saudi Arabia (pre-war)^[80] Iran (alleged)^[80] Saudi private donors^[80] Armed Islamic Group (from 1993) Minor involvement: Sudan (alleged)^[84]^[85]^[86] Iran (alleged)^[84]^[85]^[86] Egyptian Islamic Jihad (until 1995)^[87] Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (from 1998) Minor involvement: Al-Qaeda^[84]
1992	1992	1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts	Venezuelan Government Venezuelan Armed Forces	MBR-200 Cuba (alleged) DGI
1992	1995	Bosnian War Part of the Yugoslav Wars	Until October 1992: Bosnia and Herzegovina Herzeg-Bosnia Croatia October 1992–94: Bosnia and Herzegovina 1994–95: Bosnia and Herzegovina Herzeg-Bosnia Croatia Supported by: NATO (bombing operations, 1995)	Until May 1992: Republika Srpska Serbian Krajina SFR Yugoslavia October 1992–94: Herzeg-Bosnia Croatia May 1992–94: Republika Srpska Serbian Krajina Western Bosnia Supported by: FR Yugoslavia 1994–95: Republika Srpska Serbian Krajina Western Bosnia Supported by: FR Yugoslavia
1992	1996	Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) Part of the Afghan conflict and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (after Dec. 1992)	Taliban (from late 1994) Khalq (pro Taliban factions, from late 1994) Al-Qaeda (from early 1996) Supported by: Pakistan (from late 1994)	Islamic State of Afghanistan Northern Alliance Jamiat-e Islami Ittehad-e Islami Mahaz-e Milli Harakat-i Islami Harakat-i-Inqilab Jebh-e Nejat-e Melli Hezb-e Islami Khalis (until mid-1992) Hezb-i Wahdat (until Dec. 1992) Junbish-i Milli (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (from late 1994) Shura-e Nazar Supported by: Saudi Arabia Uzbekistan (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) Iran (until Dec. 1992) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until late 1994) Khalq (pro Gulbuddin factions, until late 1994) Supported by: Pakistan (until late 1994) Hezb-i Wahdat (after Dec. 1992) Supported by: Iran (from Dec. 1992) Junbish-i Milli (Jan. 1994-Aug. 1994) Supported by: Uzbekistan (Jan.-Aug. 1994) Regional Kandahar Militia Leaders Afghan Army and Airforce Remnants (allegedly, until October 1992)
1992	1997	Tajikistani Civil War Part of the post-Soviet conflicts and spillover of the Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)	/ Tajikistan Popular Front of Tajikistan^[88] Communist Party of Tajikistan Socialist Party of Tajikistan / Russia Uzbekistan / Kazakhstan / Kyrgyzstan Supported by: Belarus^[89] (weapons supplies) UNMOT Austria Bangladesh Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Ghana Hungary Indonesia Jordan Nepal Nigeria Poland Switzerland Ukraine Uruguay	United Tajik Opposition Islamic Renaissance Party Tajik Democratic Party Party of People's Unity Rastokhez Popular Movement Lali Badakhshan Afghanistan (until 1996) Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996) Supported by: al-Qaeda^[90] Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Taliban Iran (alleged, denied by Iran)^[91]^[92]^[93]^[94]
1992	1993^[95]^[b]	War in Abkhazia (1992–1993) Part of the Georgian–Abkhazian conflict and the Georgian Civil War	Abkhazia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus Supported by: Russia^[c]	Georgia
1992	1992	East Prigorodny conflict Part of the post-Soviet conflicts and the Wars in the Caucasus	North Ossetia Russian Federation	Ingush rebels
1993	1994^[97]	Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994)	Republic of the Congo Cocoye Militia	Cobra Militia Ninja Militia
1993	1993	1993 Russian constitutional crisis Part of the conflicts in the former Soviet Union	Presidential forces: Main Administration of Protection Ministry of the Interior Ministry of Defence Kantemir Division Taman Division Pro-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations Federalists and anti-communists Diplomatic support: ^[98]^[99] Poland Czech Republic Romania Slovakia Hungary Bulgaria Estonia Latvia Lithuania Moldova Ukraine Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan Australia Canada Germany India Israel Italy Japan South Korea New Zealand United Kingdom United States European Economic Community NATO	Parliamentary forces: Congress of People's Deputies Supreme Soviet Anti-Yeltsin opposition: National Salvation Front Russian National Unity Labour Russia Other opposition forces^{[note 1]} Support: Transnistria^[d]^[100]
1993	2005	Burundian Civil War Part of the spillovers of the Rwandan genocide, First and Second Congo Wars	Burundi Armed forces Guardians of the Peace "Abajeunes" Supported by: RPF (Rwanda) International peacekeepers: AMIB (2003–04) ONUB (from 2004)	Ethnic Hutu rebels: CNDD-FDD PALIPEHUTU-FNL^[e] FROLINA Hutu militias and youth gangs: Inziraguhemuka Intagoheka "Chicago Bulls" ALiR^[102] FDLR^[103] Mai-Mai^[103] Supported by: Zaire (until 1996) Tanzania DR Congo (2000s)^[104] Tutsi militants: Burundian military factions Sans Echec Sans Défaite Sans Pitié Sans Capote Imbogaraburundi PA-Amasekanya Supported by: RPF (Rwanda)
1993	2022	Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh Part of Terrorism in Bangladesh	Bangladesh	PBCP PBCP–J PBCP–LP PBCP–ML New PBCP GMF PBSP PBSP (CC) PBSP–MBRM BCP New BCP Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh^[105]
1993	Ongoing	Insurgency in Ecuador	Ecuador	GCP PCE-SR ELA FARE CAR (2005–2008) FARC dissidents (from 2018)
1994	2020	Chiapas conflict	Mexico Paz y Justicia United States Guatemala Sinaloa Cartel Gulf Cartel Jalisco New Generation Cartel Los Zetas Juárez Cartel^[106]	Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) Popular Revolutionary Army^[107] Supported by: Venezuela (1999–2013)^[108]
1994	1994	1994 Zapatista Uprising Part of the Chiapas conflict	Mexico Mexican Armed Forces	EZLN
1992	2018	Insurgency in Ogaden Part of the conflicts in the Horn of Africa	Ethiopia Supported by: Somaliland^[109]^[110]	ONLF Supported by: Eritrea^[111] Egypt (alleged by Ethiopia)^[112] al-Itihaad al-Islamiya^[113] (1992–97)
1994	1994	1994 Bophuthatswana crisis Part of the internal resistance to apartheid and the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa	BDF mutineers	Bophuthatswana Afrikaner Volksfront AWB South African Defence Force^[114]^[115]
1994	1997	Iraqi Kurdish Civil War Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, Kurdistan Region-PKK conflict and the Iraqi no-fly zones conflict	PUK PKK^[116] SCIRI KCP Iraqi National Congress Supported by: Iran (from 1995) Syria United States (1996)	KDP Supported by: Iraq (from 1995) Turkey (from 1997) Iran (before 1995)
1994	1994	Yemeni Civil War (1994)	Yemen Islamic Jihad in Yemen^[117]	Democratic Republic of Yemen
1994	1996	First Chechen War Part of the Chechen–Russian conflict, the Russo-Caucasian conflict, the Wars in the Caucasus and post-Soviet conflicts	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechen Mujahideen	Russia Loyalist
1998	2002	Caprivi conflict	Namibia	Caprivi Liberation Army
1995	1995	Cenepa War	Peru	Ecuador Armament support by: Argentina Chile Diplomatic support by: United States
1995	2002	Eelam War III Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War	Sri Lanka Military of Sri Lanka	Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
1995	2018	Second Afar Insurgency Part of the Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict	Ethiopia Eritrea	ARDUF RSADO
1995	1995	1995 Sudanese-Ugandan border conflict	Uganda	Sudan
1995	1995	Hanish Islands conflict Part of the conflicts in the Horn of Africa	Eritrea	Yemen
1996	1999	Arab-Masalit conflict	Arab tribes Sudan	Masalit tribes
1996	2006	Nepalese Civil War	Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) People's Liberation Army, Nepal Supported by: Communist Party of India (Maoist) Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)^[118]	Kingdom of Nepal Nepalese Armed Forces Royal Nepali Army Nepal Police Armed Police Force Supported by: India^[119] Pakistan (from 2004)^[120]^[121]^[122] Belgium^[123] China^[124] United Kingdom^[125] France^[125] United States^[125]
1996	2001	Afghan Civil War (1996–2001) Part of the Afghan conflict	Afghanistan	Taliban Al-Qaeda Islamic Uzbek Movement Pakistan^[126]^[127]^[128]^[129]^[130]
1996	1997	First Congo War Part of the Congolese Civil Wars, aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, spillovers of the Burundian Civil War, the Second Sudanese Civil War and the Angolan Civil War	AFDL Rwanda Uganda^[131] Burundi^[132] Angola^[132] SPLA^[133] Eritrea^[134] Supported by: South Africa^[135] Zambia^[136] Zimbabwe^[135] Ethiopia^[137] Tanzania United States (covertly)^[138] Mai-Mai^[f]	Zaire FAZ White Legion Sudan^[133] Chad^[139] Ex-FAR/ALiR Interahamwe CNDD-FDD^[140] UNITA^[141] ADF^[142] FLNC^[143] Supported by: France Central African Republic China^[144] Israel^[144] Kuwait (denied)^[144] Mai-Mai^[f]
1996	Ongoing	ADF insurgency Part of the Kivu conflict	Uganda DR Congo Armed Forces (FARDC) MONUSCO Force Intervention Brigade	ADF (1996–2015) NALU ISIL^[148] IS-CAP^[149] ADF-Baluku ADF-Mukulu NALU RCD/K-ML APC^[150] Mai-Mai Kyandenga (2020–present) Supported by: FARDC elements^[150] LRA Al-Shabaab^[148] (disputed)^[151] Various Jihadi groups (Ugandan and MONUSCO claim)^[151] Sudan (1990s; currently unknown)
1997	1997	1997 Albanian civil unrest	Albanian Government Democratic Party SHIK Part of the Albanian Police Republican Guard UNSC missions Austria France Germany Greece Italy Romania Spain Turkey United States	Albanian Rebels Armed civilians who lost their properties Armed gangs Albanian Army defectors Salvation Committees Socialist Party Social Democratic Party
1997	1997	1997 Sudanese-Eritrean border conflict	Eritrea	Sudan
1997	1999	Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999) Part of the aftermaths of the First Congo War and Rwandan genocide	Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo (from October 1997) Cobra Militia Rwandan Hutu Militia Angola^[152] Chad^[152]	Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo (to October 1997) Cocoye Militia Ninja Militia Nsiloulou Supported by: Jonas Savimbi FLEC^[153] Supported by: DR Congo
1997	1997	1997 clashes in Cambodia	Cambodian People's Party	FUNCINPEC Khmer Rouge (mostly in the northern provinces)^[154]
1998	1998	1998 Monrovia clashes Part of the aftermath of the First Liberian Civil War	Liberian government (Taylor loyalists)	Johnson's forces (ex-ULIMO-J) Limited involvement: Nigeria United States
1998	1999	Kosovo War Part of the Yugoslav Wars^[155]	Kosovo Liberation Army FARK^[g] NATO (from 24 March 1999) Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Netherlands Norway^[156] Portugal Spain Turkey^[157] United Kingdom United States	FR Yugoslavia
1998	2000	Eritrean–Ethiopian War Part of the Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict	Ethiopia	Eritrea
1998	1998	War in Abkhazia (1998) Part of the Georgian–Abkhazian conflict	Abkhazia	Georgian separatists White Legion Mkhedrioni Forest Brothers
1998	1999	Guinea-Bissau Civil War	Military rebels MFDC^[158] Supported by: United States^[159]^[160]	Guinea-Bissau Senegal^[161] Guinea^[162] Supported by: France^[159] Portugal^[163]
1998	2003	Second Congo War Part of the Congolese Civil Wars and the aftermath of the First Congo War and the Angolan Civil War	Pro-government: DR Congo Angola Chad Namibia Zimbabwe Sudan (alleged) Anti-Ugandan forces: LRA ADF UNRF II FNI Anti-Rwandan militias: FDLR ALiR Interahamwe RDR Mai-Mai Other Hutu-aligned forces Anti-Burundi militias: CNDD-FDD FROLINA	Rwandan-aligned militias: RCD RCD-Goma Banyamulenge Ugandan-aligned militias: MLC Forces for Renewal UPC Other Tutsi-aligned forces Anti-Angolan forces: UNITA Foreign state actors: Uganda Rwanda Burundi Libya (alleged)^[164]
1998	1998	1998 Saudi-Yemeni border clash^[165]^[166]^[167]	Yemen	Saudi Arabia
1998	Ongoing	Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen Part of the war on terror and the Yemeni Civil War	Republic of Yemen (internationally recognized; led by the PLC since 2022) Yemeni Armed Forces Republican Guard^[168]^[169]^[170] General People's Congress (anti-Houthi) STC (2022–present)^[h]^[171]^[172]^[173] United Arab Emirates^[174] Yemeni National Resistance (2017–present)^[175]^[176]^[169] Tihamah Resistance^[169] Giants Brigades^[177]^[178] Hadhramaut Tribal Alliance^[179] Al-Islah Bani Dhabyan^[180] Saleh loyalists (2017–present)^[181]^[182] Popular Resistance Committees^[183] Popular Committees Saudi-led coalition Saudi Arabia^[184] United Arab Emirates^[185] Sudan^[186]^[187] Senegal^[188] Morocco^[189] (2015–19)^[190] Qatar (2015–17)^[191] Bahrain^[192] Academi security guards (2015–16)^[193] Supported by: United States^[194]^[195]^[196] U.S. Navy^[i] United States Army^[200] (Special Forces) United Kingdom^[j] France Canada South Korea National Intelligence Service^[205]^[206]^[207] Belarus Belarusian military specialists [be]^[208]^[209]^[210] Malaysia Australia STC (2017–2022)^[211] United Arab Emirates^[212]^[213]^[214]	al-Qaeda AQAP Ansar al-Sharia Islamic Emirate of Yemen Aden-Abyan Islamic Army Council of Sunni Scholars and al-Jama'a Hadrami Domestic Council faction^[215]^[216] al-Dhahab tribesmen Supported by: al-Shabaab (2009–present)^[217]^[218]^[219] (alleged) al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (2009–2017) al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (2014–present) Al-Nusra Front (2012–2017)^[220] Alleged Support: Iran^[221] (denied) Qatar (denied) Supreme Political Council (formerly SRC) Houthi movement General People's Congress (pro-Houthi) Saleh loyalists (until 2017) Pro-Houthi Popular Committees^[222] Sanaa-GPC forces^[223] Alleged support: Iran^[224]^[225] Hezbollah^[226] North Korea^[227]^[228]^[229]^[230] Islamic State Islamic State - Yemen Province
1999	2002	Maluku sectarian conflict Part of the post-Suharto era in Indonesia	Government of Indonesia Indonesian National Armed Forces Indonesian National Police Pancasila Youth Pasukan Kuning	Muslim society and Islamists in Maluku Laskar Jihad Komando Jihad Islamic Defenders Front Jemaah Islamiyah Laskar Mujahidin Pasukan Jihad Desa Sabaleh Laskar Mujahida Christian society in Maluku Laskar Kristus Maluku Sovereignty Front Brigade Manguni Pasukan Merah
1999	2002	1999 East Timorese crisis Part of the decolonisation of Asia and the fall of Suharto	East Timor INTERFET UNTAET	Pro-Indonesia militias Aitarak Besi Merah Putih Laksaur Mahidi
1999^[231]	2003	Second Liberian Civil War Part of the Liberian Civil Wars and spillover of the Sierra Leone Civil War	Rebel groups: Anti-Taylor Armed Forces elements LURD MODEL Guinea Sierra Leone Supported by: Ivory Coast United Kingdom United States	Liberian government Loyalist Armed Forces elements ATU SOD SSS NPFL/NPP militias RUF RDFG
1999	1999	Kargil War Part of the Kashmir conflict and the India–Pakistan conflict	India	Pakistan Non-state allies: United Jihad Council^[232] Afghan mercenaries
1999	2001^[233]	Insurgency in the Preševo Valley Part of the Yugoslav Wars	FR Yugoslavia KFOR	UÇPMB
1999	1999	Batken Conflict	Kyrgyzstan Russia (material support) Uzbekistan (military support)	Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
1972	Ongoing	Ituri conflict Part of the Second Congo War and the Kivu conflict	Hema ethnic group: UPC RCD/K-ML FAPC Uganda^[234] DR Congo (FARDC) UN (MONUC) EU (Artemis)	Lendu ethnic group: FNI FRPI CODECO FPJC Mai-Mai Simba ADF IS-CAP Mai-Mai Kyandenga^[235]
1999	1999^[236]^[237]	War of Dagestan Part of the spillover of the Second Chechen War, Post-Soviet conflicts	Russia Armed Forces Army Navy Air Force VDV Spetsnaz GRU FSB MVD Militsiya Internal Troops OMON Dagestan Dagestani police and local militia	Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan CPID Chechnya IIPB SPIR Religious Police
1999	2009	Second Chechen War Part of the Chechen-Russian conflict and the Post-Soviet conflicts	Russia Provisional Council (until 2000) Chechen Republic (from 2000)	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1999–2007) Caucasian Front (2005–2007) Caucasus Emirate (2007–2009) North Caucasian volunteers Mujahideen^[238]^[239]^[240]^[241] Grey Wolves^[242]^[243]^[244]
2000	2000	Six-Day War (2000) Part of the Second Congo War	Rwanda	Uganda
2000	2005	Second Intifada Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict	Israel	Palestinian Authority PLO Fatah Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Resistance Committees
2000	2006	2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict Part of the Israeli–Lebanese conflict and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict	Israel	Hezbollah
2001	2001	2001 insurgency in Macedonia Part of the Yugoslav Wars	Macedonia	National Liberation Army Albanian National Army^[245]
2001	2001	2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes	Bangladesh	India
2001	2001	2001 Special Operations Unit mutiny	Special Operations Unit Zemun Clan Support: President of FR Yugoslavia Democratic Party of Serbia Socialist Party of Serbia Serbian Radical Party New Serbia	Government of Serbia Support: Democratic Party New Democracy Christian Democratic Party of Serbia
2001	2003	Islamist insurgency in Iraqi Kurdistan Part of the Iraqi no-fly zones conflict, the Iraq War, Islamism in Kurdistan, and the war on terror	Kurdistan Region PUK United States (armed involvement after Viking Hammer)	Islamic Emirate of Kurdistan Ansar al-Islam^[246]^[247] Kurdistan Islamic Group^[246] Kurdistan Islamic Movement^[248] Supported by: Iran (alleged by PUK)^[249] KDP (alleged by PUK)^[249]
2001	2021	War on terror Part of the post-Cold War and post-9/11 eras	Main countries: United States United Kingdom Germany Italy Canada France Australia New Zealand Netherlands Poland Turkey	Main opponents: Al-Qaeda Islamic State^{[note 2]} First Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) Ba'athist Iraq^{[note 3]} Iraqi Ba'athist insurgents
2001	2021	Taliban insurgency Part of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), the Afghan conflict, and the war on terror	Taliban · Haqqani network^[250] (from 2002) al-Qaeda · Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent^[251] Taliban splinter groups · Mullah Dadullah Front (from 2012)^[252] · Fidai Mahaz (from 2013) Supported by: Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin (on and off until 2016) Islamic Jihad Union^[253]^[254] (from 2002) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (until 2015) Turkistan Islamic Party Lashkar-e-Jhangvi^[255] Pakistani Taliban^[256] Lashkar-e-Islam Iran (alleged, but denied by Iran)^[257] Pakistan (alleged, but denied by Pakistan)^[258]^[259] Russia (alleged, but denied by Russia)^[260]^[261]^[262] Saudi Arabia (alleged, but denied by Saudi Arabia)^[263]^[264] Qatar (alleged by Saudi Arabia, but denied by Qatar)^[265]^[266] China (alleged by the US, but denied by China)^[267]^[268]	Islamic State of Afghanistan (2001–2002) Afghan Transitional Authority (2002–2004) Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021) Afghan National Security Forces ISAF (2001–2014) Albania Armenia (IPAP) Australia (GP) Austria (PfP) Azerbaijan (PfP) Bahrain (ICI) Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina (IPAP) Bulgaria^{[fn 1]} Canada Croatia Czech Republic Denmark El Salvador Estonia Finland (PfP) France Georgia^{[fn 1]} (IPAP) Germany^{[fn 1]} Greece Hungary Iceland Iran Ireland (PfP) Italy^{[fn 1]} Jordan^{[fn 1]} (MD) Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malaysia Mongolia (GP) Montenegro (PfP) Netherlands New Zealand (GP) Norway Pakistan Poland^{[fn 1]} Portugal North Macedonia (MAP) Romania^{[fn 1]} Singapore (2008–13) Slovakia Slovenia South Korea (GP) Spain Sweden (PfP) Switzerland (2004–08) (PfP) Tonga Turkey^{[fn 1]} Ukraine (PfP) United Arab Emirates (ICI) United Kingdom^{[fn 1]} United States^{[fn 1]} RS (2015 onwards)^[269] Luxembourg Slovenia New Zealand Greece Austria Ukraine Sweden Montenegro Latvia Estonia North Macedonia Lithuania Slovakia Norway Finland Bosnia and Herzegovina Belgium Hungary Albania Azerbaijan Armenia Denmark Bulgaria Netherlands Portugal Mongolia Poland Australia Croatia Czech Republic Georgia (IPAP) Germany Italy Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States [1] Major contributing nations with more than 200 troops as of May 2015 Allied militias High Council of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (allegedly since 2015)^[270]^[271]^[272]^[273]^[274]^[275] Jamiat-e Islami^[276] Junbish-i-Milli^[276] Hezbe Wahdat^[277]
2002	2017	Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines Part of the Philippine civil conflict, Islamic terrorism and Global War on Terror	Philippines Armed Forces of the Philippines Philippine National Police United States (advisors) Armed Forces of the United States CIA	Islamic jihad^[discuss] Abu Sayyaf BIFF Maute Group Moro Islamic Liberation Front (until 2012) Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (de-facto)
2002	2003	2002–2003 conflict in the Pool Department	Republic of the Congo	Ninja militia
2002	2007	First Ivorian Civil War Part of the Ivorian Civil Wars	Ivory Coast COJEP Supported by: Belarus	FNCI Alleged support: Burkina Faso Liberia France UNOCI
2002	Ongoing	Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa	United Kingdom United States	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Al-Shabaab (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (2002–06) Hizbul Islam (2009–14) Ras Kamboni Brigades (2007–10) Jabhatul Islamiya (2007–09) Mu'askar Anole (2007–09)

Close

[MCN-282] [1]
Major contributing nations with more than 200 troops as of May 2015

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[a]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[b]

[c]

[97]

[98]

List of wars: 1990–2002

See also

Notes

References

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