List of wars involving Serbia
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The following is a list of wars involving Serbia in the Middle Ages as well as late modern period and contemporary history.
The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
- Serbian victory
- Serbian defeat
- Result of civil or internal conflict
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
Middle Ages
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval) (818–1330 AD) |
 Serbia
|
 Bulgaria
|
Inconclusive
|
| Bulgarian-Serbian War (839–42) Part of the Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval) |
 Serbian Principality |
First Bulgarian Empire | Serbian victory |
| Bulgarian-Serbian War (853) Part of the Bulgarian–Serbian wars (medieval) |
Serbian Principality | First Bulgarian Empire | Serbian victory |
| Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924 Part of the Bulgarian–Serbian wars | Principality of Serbia Byzantine Empire |
Bulgarian Empire | Bulgarian victory
|
| Conquest of Bari |
Frankish Empire |
Emirate of Bari
|
Frankish victory
|
| Serb Uprising (927)[3][4][5][6] | .png){kind=small} Principality of SerbiaSupported by: |
Bulgarian Empire |
Victory
Časlav takes possession of the country after the uprising and submits suzereinity to the Byzantines |
| Magyar-Serb conflict (c. early 9th century or c. 950/960) Part of the Hungarian invasions of Europe |
Serbian Principality | Magyar tribes | Inconclusive
|
| Serb Uprising (1042/1043[7]) | Decisive Doclean Serb victory
| ||
| Byzantine-Norman wars (1040–1189) | Indecisive
| ||
| Byzantine–Serbian War (1090–1095) (1090–1095) Part of the Byzantine–Serbian wars |
Serbian military victory
| ||
| Battle of Zvečan (1094) Part of the Byzantine–Serbian War (1090–1095) |
Serbian victory | ||
| Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–29) | Byzantine victory[12] | ||
| Battle of Myriokephalon (1176) Part of the Byzantine–Seljuq wars |
Byzantine Empire |
Seljuk victory
| |
| Emeric's Balkan campaign (1200–1203) Part of the Fourth Crusade |
.svg){kind=small} Grand Principality of Serbia
|
.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of Hungary Valkan's Clique (as Hungarian vassal).svg){kind=small} Papal States[14] |
Emeric's Victories |
| Hungarian invasion of Serbia(1237) Part of the Crusade against Bogumils | Grand Principality of Serbia
|
Kingdom of Hungary
|
Victory |
| Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia (1242–1243) Part of the Mongol invasion of Europe |
Second Bulgarian Empire Serbian Kingdom |
Mongol Empire | Mongol victory |
| Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde (1280s–1290s) |
Serbian victory
| ||
| Epirote–Nicaean conflict (1257–1259) |
Despotate of Epirus Kingdom of Serbia |
Empire of Nicaea | Nicaean victory
|
| Serbian-Crusader Conflict | Byzantine victory | ||
| Serbian-Anjou War (1318–1320)[15][16] | Kingdom of Serbia |
.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of Hungary
|
Partial Victory
|
| War of Hum (1326–1329) | Banate of Bosnia Republic of Ragusa |
Bosnian victory | |
| Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330) Part of the Bulgarian–Serbian wars |
Kingdom of Serbia |
Bulgarian Empire |
Serbian victory[22] |
|
Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 (1342–1347) |
|
|
Kantakouzenos victory
|
| Serbian Invasion of Albania (1342–1345)[23][24] Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1341-1347 |
Kingdom of Serbia Bulgarian Empire Principality of KarvunaSupported by:  John V Palaiologos |
John VI Kantakouzenos
|
Victory
|
| Serbian-Ottoman War (1352) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357 |
John V Palaiologos Serbian Empire Bulgarian Empire |
Ottoman victory
| |
| Serbian Civil War (1356–1359) Part of the Fall of the Serbian Empire | Serbian Empire[25] |
 Empire of Thessaly (until 1359)Losha Clan  Shpata Family
|
Loyalist Victory
|
| The Feudal Wars (1356–1373) |  Serbian Empire Moravian Serbia District of Branković Realm of Altomanović (until 1369)
Anti-Altomanović Coalition: |
 Lordship of Prilep (1369)
|
Inconclusive
|
| Battle of Kosovo (1389[A]) Part of the Ottoman wars in Europe and the Serbian–Ottoman wars |
Supported by: | Supported by: | Inconclusive |
|
Crusade of Nicopolis (1396) |
Ottoman victory
| ||
Ottoman-Timurid War 1399–1402
|
 Ottoman Empire
Black Tatars |
 Timurid Empire
|
Defeat
|
| Ottoman Interregnum (1402–1413) |
Mehmed's forces |
İsa's forces Süleyman's forces Musa's forces |
Mehmed victory
|
| Second Scutari War (1419–23) |
Zeta (until 1421) |
Inconclusive, See aftermath
| |
| Despotate-Ottoman Wars (1425–1459)[30] Part of the Ottoman Invasions of Serbia and Hungarian–Ottoman Wars |  Serbian Despotate.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of Hungary
|
 Ottoman Empire
|
Eventual Defeat
|
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Partitioned Serbia
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Modern period
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uprising against the Dahije (1804) |
 Serbia |
 Dahije |
Victory
|
| First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) Part of the Serbian Revolution |
Supported by: |
Dahijas (1804) Ottoman Empire (from 1805)
|
Defeat
|
| Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) Part of the Serbian Revolution and Russo-Turkish Wars |
 Russian Empire
|
Victory[33] | |
| Hadži-Prodan's rebellion (1814) |
 Serb rebels |
Ottoman Empire |
Defeat
|
| Second Serbian Uprising (1815–1817) Part of the Serbian Revolution |
 Serbian rebels |
Ottoman Empire |
Victory
|
| Niš Rebellion (1821) |
Serb rebels |
 Ottoman Empire |
Defeat
|
| Serbian Involvement in the Greek Revolution Part of the Greek War of Independence |
 Greek Revolutionaries
Military Support: |
.svg){kind=small} Ottoman Empire
|
Greek Victory
|
| Serb uprising (1848–1849) Part of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire |
 Serbian Vojvodina
Supported by: |
.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of Hungary (until 14 April 1849).svg){kind=small} Hungarian State (after 14 April 1849)
|
Victory
|
| Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis |
Serb rebels Supported by: Serbia Montenegro |
Ottoman Empire |
Defeat |
| First Serbian-Ottoman War (1876–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis |
Ottoman Empire
|
Indecisive
| |
| Second Serbian–Ottoman War (1877–1878) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) |
Ottoman Empire
|
Victory
| |
| Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) |
 Russian Empire
|
Ottoman Empire
|
Coalition Victory
|
| Timok Rebellion (1883) |
 Kingdom of Serbia
|
People's Radical Party | Victory
|
| Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885) |
Supported by: |
 Bulgaria |
Defeat
|
| Macedonian struggle (1901) |
 Serbian ChetniksSupported by: Serbia |
 VMRO Ottoman Empire
|
Inconclusive
|
| First Balkan War (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
Balkan League: Supported by: | Victory[49] | |
| Serbian invasion of Albania (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
Kingdom of Serbia Kingdom of Montenegro |
 Independent Albania
|
Victory
|
| Tikveš Uprising (1913) |
Serbia Chetniks |
IMRO Supported by: Bulgaria |
Victory
|
| Second Balkan War (1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
Victory | ||
| Ohrid-Debar Uprising (1913) |
Serbia Chetniks  Greece |
IMRO Kachaks |
Victory
|
| Third Peasant Revolt in Albania (September–October 1914) |
 Republic of Central AlbaniaSupport: .svg){kind=small} Kingdom of Serbia  Kingdom of Italy |
 Principality of Albania |
Serbo-Italian backed Republic of Central Albania Victory
|
| Serbian campaign and Balkans theatre (1914–1918) Part of the European theatre of World War I |
Allied Powers
|
Central Powers:
|
Victory |
| Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the Revolutions of 1917–23 |
Victory
| ||
| Impresa di Pola (1918) Part of the Adriatic Campaign in 1918 and the Adriatic question |
Defeat
| ||
| 1918–1920 unrest in Split (1918–1920) Part of the Adriatic question |
 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes United States Italy |
Italian nationalists renegades
|
Inconclusive
|
| Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia (1918–1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I |
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
 German-Austria
|
Military victory |
| Christmas Uprising (1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the creation of Yugoslavia |
Montenegrin Whites Victory
| ||
| Drenica-Dukagjin Uprisings (1919–1924) |
 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
.svg){kind=small} Kosovar Albanians  Committee for the National Defence of KosovoDiplomatic support:  Albania |
Victory
|
| Koplik War (1920–1921) |
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
 Principality of Albania |
Inconclusive
|
| Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921) |
Kingdom of Yugoslavia Kingdom of Greece.svg){kind=small} Republic of Mirdita |
Principality of Albania |
Military victory
|
| Zogist counter-revolution in Albania (1924) |
Ahmet Zogu supporters (Mati Tribesmen) Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
|
.svg){kind=small} Fan Noli supporters (Albanian peasants) Principality of Albania Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo |
Zogu-Yugoslav Victory
|
| Invasion of Yugoslavia (1941) Part of the Balkans campaign and Mediterranean theatre of World War II |
Yugoslavia |
Axis | Defeat
|
| World War II in Yugoslavia (1941–1945) Part of the European theatre of World War II |
Allies
Bulgaria (1944–45)
Yugoslav government-in-exile (1941–44)
|
Axis
German puppet states and governments:
|
Yugoslav Partisan Victory
|
| Yugoslav Involvement in the Years of Lead (1970s-1980s) |  Red Brigades Front Line October 22 Group PAC  Continuous Struggle Workers' Power Workers' Autonomy
Foreign supporters: |
Supported by: |
Defeat
|
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Contemporary period
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995[A]) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
1991–92:
1992–95:
|
1994–95:
|
Croatian victory
|
| Bosnian War (1992–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
Until May 1992: Republika Srpska Serbian Krajina SFR Yugoslavia[d]
May 1992–94: 1994–95: |
Until October 1992: Bosnia and Herzegovina Herzeg-Bosnia Croatia
October 1992–94: October 1992–94: 1994–95: |
Military stalemate
|
| Kosovo War (1998–1999) Part of the Yugoslav Wars[59] |
 FR Yugoslavia
|
|
Kumanovo Agreement[62][63][64][65]
|
| Insurgency in the Preševo Valley (1999–2001[77]) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
FR Yugoslavia KFOR |
 UÇPMB |
Yugoslav victory[78][79] |
See also
Footnotes
- As well as Serbian garrison troops during the Battle of Petrovaradin[citation needed]
- Acceded to the Tripartite Pact, generally considered Axis powers (see e.g., Facts About the American Wars, Bowman, p. 432, which includes them in a list of "Axis powers", or The Library of Congress World War II Companion, Wagner, Osborne, & Reyburn, p. 39, which lists them as "The Axis").
- After all former Yugoslav federal republics except Serbia and Montenegro declared independence, the two declared the creation of a new country – the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – on 27 April 1992, disbanding the JNA soon afterwards.[57] Serb-controlled units of the JNA participated in combat operations throughout 1991 and up to May 1992 in support of the Republic of Serbian Krajina.[58]
- From August 1998 as the Kosovo Liberation Army as 138th Brigade.
- There was no formal declaration of war. The first armed clash of the war was the Pakrac clash on 1 March 1991, followed by the Plitvice Lakes incident on 31 March 1991, when the first fatalities occurred. The last major combat operation was Operation Storm, from 5–8 August 1995. Formally, hostilities ceased when the Erdut Agreement was signed on 12 November 1995.
- After all former Yugoslav federal republics except Serbia and Montenegro declared independence, the two declared the creation of a new country – the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – on 27 April 1992, disbanding the JNA soon afterwards.[57] Serb-controlled units of the JNA participated in combat operations throughout 1991 and up to May 1992 in support of the Republic of Serbian Krajina.[58]
- Initially, SAO Krajina, SAO Western Slavonia, and SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia were separate entities and fought individually against the Croatian government. As of December 19, 1991, the SAOs became part of the RSK.
- In 1992–94, Republika Srpska was intermittently involved in Croatian military operations, mostly through provision of military and other aid to the RSK, occasional air raids launched from Mahovljani airbase near Banja Luka, and most significantly through artillery attacks against a number of cities in Croatia, especially Slavonski Brod, Županja, and Dubrovnik.
- As determined by the Badinter Arbitration Committee, SFR Yugoslavia dissolved during the war. On 25 June 1991, the Croatian parliament declared the independence of Croatia, following a referendum held in May. The decision was suspended for three months; the declaration became effective on 8 October 1991, and Croatia was no longer part of Yugoslavia.
- Bosnia and Herzegovina was particularly significant for the war in late 1994 and in 1995. Pursuant to the Washington Agreement, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed as a subunit of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (RBiH) representing both Bosnian Croat and Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) ethnic groups. Most significantly, the Washington Agreement specifically permitted Croatian Army to enter Bosnia and Herzegovina, thereby allowing operations Cincar and Winter '94 against the army of Republika Srpska, outflanking the RSK capital at Knin and creating a new strategic situation before the decisive battles of the war.
- Three months after the military defeat of the RSK in Operation Storm, the UN-sponsored Erdut Agreement between the Croatian and RSK authorities was signed on 12 November 1995. The agreement provided for a two-year transitional period, later extended by a year, during which the remaining occupied territory of Croatia was to be transferred to control of the Croatian government. The agreement was implemented by UNTAES and successfully completed by 1998.
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