Litchfieldia
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| Litchfieldia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Bacillati |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Bacillales |
| Family: | Bacillaceae |
| Genus: | Litchfieldia Gupta et al. 2020[1] |
| Type species | |
| Litchfieldia alkalitelluris (Lee et al. 2008) Gupta et al. 2020 | |
| Species[2] | |
| |
Litchfieldia is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family Bacillaceae within the order Bacillales.[3][4] The type species for this genus is Litchfieldia alkalitelluris.[1]
Litchfieldia is composed of species originally belonging to the genus Bacillus, a genus that displayed extensive polyphyly due to the vague criteria used to assign new species to the genus.[5][6][7] Studies using phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses have clarified the taxonomy of Bacillus by restricting the genus to only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus[8][3] as well as transfer many species into new novel genera such as Virgibacillus, Solibacillus, Brevibacillus and Ectobacillus.[9][10][11][3]
The name Litchfieldia was named after the American marine microbiologist and ecologist Dr. Carol D. Litchfield (1936–2012).[3]
Source:[3]
Members of the genus Litchfieldia are aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria. They are all endospore-forming and motile cells. They are catalase-positive, oxidase-positive and slightly halophilic. They can grow in environments containing 0-4% (w/v) sodium chloride (NaCl), but grow best in 0-3% (w/v) NaCl. Grow also occurs at 10–40 °C (50–104 °F) (optimally at 30–35 °C (86–95 °F)) and pH 7.0–10.0 (optimally at pH 8.0–9.0).
Analyses of genome sequences from Litchfieldia species identified seven conserved signature indels that are unique for the genus Litchifieldia in the following proteins: MFS transporter, M15 family metallopeptidase, amidohydrolase, response regulator transcription factor, hypothetical proteins, and l-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase.[3] These molecular signatures provide a reliable way to distinguish members of this genus from other Bacillaceae genera and bacteria.