Local government in Minnesota
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The U.S. state of Minnesota currently[update] has 3,672 local government entities operating in its borders. These are either counties, towns, cities, school districts, or other special-purpose districts. In addition to the current levels of local government, villages and one borough historically also existed in the state, but they have all been abolished.
Current entities
Counties
There are 87 counties in the state of Minnesota. Ramsey County obtained home rule by an act of the Minnesota State Legislature in 1992.[2]
Towns
Eighty-four of the state's 87 counties are divided into towns, which number 1,784 in the state as of 2012[update] and are equivalent to the civil townships in several other states; the terms "town" and "township" are used interchangeably in Minnesota.[3] The three counties lacking town government are Koochiching and Lake of the Woods, where the survey townships no longer serve administrative functions, and Hennepin County, where all municipalities are cities.[4] The towns' boundaries have been fixed since March 1, 1906, unless duly changed by their county.[5]
Towns are corporate entities, having among other things the right to sue and own property.[6] The governing body of the town is the town board; in addition, the electors of the town may vote on one of several issues in an annual town meeting.[7]
Cities
All municipalities in the state are cities, of which there are 853 in the state as of 2012[update]. A city may or may not exist within the boundaries of a town. Cities are currently[update] divided into four classes based on population:[2]
- First class: More than 100,000 inhabitants
- Second class: Between 20,000 and 100,000 inhabitants
- Third class: Between 10,000 and 20,000 inhabitants
- Fourth class: Not more than 10,000 inhabitants
Some cities, known as charter cities, have adopted home rule charters; all others are known as statutory cities.[2]
School districts
There are 343 public school systems in the state as of 2012[update]. Each district is either a common school district, an independent school district, or a special school district. All three are headed by an elected school board and can levy taxes and issue bonds.[2]
Special districts
There are 610 local governments in the state that have special uses as of 2012[update].[8] They include ambulance districts, the East Lake Clinical District, housing and redevelopment agencies, mental health collaboratives, the Metropolitan Mosquito Control District, and sanitary districts.[9]