Lorraine Copeland
British archaeologist (1921–2013)
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Lorraine Copeland (née Elizabeth Lorraine Adie; 19 May 1921 – 27 April 2013)[1] was a British archaeologist specialising in the Palaeolithic period of the Near East. She was a secret agent with the Special Operations Executive during World War II.
May 19, 1921
Lorraine Copeland | |
|---|---|
| Born | Elizabeth Lorraine Adie May 19, 1921 Marylebone, London, England |
| Died | 27 April 2013 (aged 91) Dordogne, France |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
Branch | Special Operations Executive Office of Strategic Services |
Service years | 1940–1942 |
Rank | Field agent |
| Awards | MBE |
| Relations |
|
| Other work | Archaeology |
Early life
Elizabeth Lorraine Adie was born May 19, 1921, in Marylebone, London.[1] Her father, William John Adie (1886–1935), an Australian-born British physician and neurologist known for describing the Adie syndrome and narcolepsy. He practiced medicine in London on Harley Street. Elizabeth Lorraine Adie was privately educated at Wycombe Abbey girls' school in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire.[2]
Special operations executive
Copeland worked for British Intelligence during the Second World War, in the Special Operations Executive.[3] She met her American husband, Miles Copeland, Jr., during this period, when he was based in the UK undertaking counter-intelligence for the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps. They married on 25 September 1942 and soon afterwards Miles' work took them to the Near East, particularly Syria, Lebanon and Egypt, and it was whilst in this area that Copeland first developed her interest in archaeology. They held a church wedding September 25, 1943, at Holy Trinity Church, near Harley Street, London.[4][5][6]
Archaeology
Copeland worked in the field of Palaeolithic and Neolithic archaeology for over fifty years, and was associated with the University College London Institute of Archaeology. Accompanied by Peter J. Wescombe she co-compiled three volumes titled "Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon". Volume 1 (1965) covered the central portion of the western coast from Tripoli to the North bank of the Litani River. Volume 2 (1966) provided an inventory of Stone Age sites in Southern Lebanon and the Beqaa Valley, expanding on the discovery of the Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture, named by Henri Fleisch.[7][8] Volume 3 was published in 1997.[9] She was an adviser to the Stone Age Institute.[10] In 2004 the festschrift, From the River to the Sea: The Palaeolithic and the Neolithic on the Euphrates and in the Northern Levant, was published in her honour.[11][12]
Archaeological sites investigated by Copeland
Lebanon
- Akkar plain foothills
- Antelias Cave
- Haret ech Cheikh
- Jebel Aabeby
- Jeita Grotto § Archaeology (Jeita II – Dahr el-Mghara)
- Mayrouba
- Ourrouar
- Plain of Zgharta
- Sin el Fil § Prehistory and Roman period
- Ras Beirut § Archaeology (Ras Beirut XI or Minet ed Dhalia)
- Sands of Beirut
- Tell Kirri
- Tibnin § Prehistory
- Wadi Yaroun
- Aadloun § Materials recovered (Aadloun IV)
- Ard Saouda
- Tell Dibbine
- Aammiq § Archaeology
- Al-Bireh, Rashaya § Archaeology
- Ard Tlaili ★
- Bustan Birke ★
- Duris
- Flaoui ★
- Haouch Tall Safiyeh
- Hashbai ★
- Joub Jannine § Archaeological sites (Joub Jannine II)
- Labweh § Archaeological sites (Tell Labweh, Tell Labweh South or Labweh I)
- Majdal Anjar § Archaeology
- Maqne
- Neba'a Faour ★
- Qaraoun
- Rayaq § Archaeology
- Ras Baalbek (Rock Shelter) ★
- Tahun ben Aissa ★
- Tell Aalaq
- Tell Ablah
- Tell Addus
- Tell Ahle
- Tell Ain Cerif
- Tell Ain Ghessali
- Tell Ain Nfaikh ★
- Tell Ain Sofar
- Tell Ayoub
- Tell Bar Elias
- Tell Beshara
- Tell Bir Dakoue
- Tell Deir
- Tell Delhamieh
- Tell Derzenoun
- Tell El Ghassil
- Tell El Hadeth
- Tell Hazzine
- Tell Hoch Rafqa
- Tell Jezireh
- Tell Jisr ★
- Tell Kabb Elias
- Tell Karmita
- Tell Majdaloun
- Tell Masoud
- Tell Meouchi
- Tell Murtafa
- Tell Nahariyah
- Tell Neba'a Chaate
- Tell Neba'a Litani
- Tell Rasm El Hadeth
- Tell Rayak
- Tell Saoudhi
- Tell Serhan
- Tell Shaikh Hassan al Rai
- Tell Shamsine
- Tell Zeitoun
Syria
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- ★ Indicates sites discovered or first recorded by Copeland, sometimes with collaborators.
Family
Copeland married Miles on 25 September 1942 at St Mary's Church, Great Portland Street, London. The couple had four children, all of whom went on to have notable careers:
- Their eldest son Miles Copeland III (born 2 May 1944) is an executive in the entertainment industry.
- Ian Copeland (1949–2006) was a music promoter and booking agent.
- Lorraine "Lennie" Copeland is a writer and film producer.
- Stewart Copeland (born 16 July 1952) is a musician best known as the drummer for the band The Police.
Her husband Miles died on 14 January 1991.[13] Lorraine Copeland died at Château de Marouatte (Marouatte Castle), Dordogne, France, on 27 April 2013.[14] Lorraine Copeland is buried next to her husband, Miles Axe Copeland, Jr.,[15] in the churchyard of St Peter and St Paul's Church (Church of England), Aston Rowant, Oxfordshire.[15]
Selected publications
- See also § Copeland's publications used as references (primary)
- Copeland, Lorraine; Waechter, John d'Arcy (1915–1978) (1967). "The Stone Industries of Abri Bergy, Lebanon". Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology. 7. University of London, Institute of Archaeology: 15–36 – via Internet Archive. ISSN 0076-0722 (publication); OCLC 2212200 (all editions).
Paléorient (journal)
- Paléorient (journal). CNRS Editions. LCCN 88-649200; ISSN 0153-9345; ISBN 978-2-2710-8175-9, 2-2710-8175-0; OCLC 2552402 (all editions).
- Copeland, Lorraine (1978). "The Middle Palaeolithic of Adlun and Ras el Kelb (Lebanon) : First Results From a Study of the Flint Industries". Vol. 4, Nº 4. pp. 33–57 – via Persée.
doi:10.3406/paleo.1978.4212; OCLC 732480174, 4649025815. - Copeland, Lorraine (1983). "Levallois/Non-Levallois Determinations in the Early Levant Mousterian : Problems and Questions for 1983". Vol. 9, Nº 2. pp. 15–27 – via Persée. Frantiq 214227 and 548193; JSTOR 41489570; OCLC 770926691, 770926691, 732480741.
- Besançon, Jacques; Copeland, Lorraine; Sanlaville, Paul (1933–2021) (1988). "Réflexions sur les prospections géo-préhistoriques au Proche-Orient" ["Reflections on Geo-Prehistoric Surveys in the Near East"] (in French). Vol. 14, Nº 2. pp. 31–39 – via Persée.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) doi:10.3406/paleo.1988.4452; Frantiq 300266; OCLC 9973486157, 732481510.
British Archaeological Reports (BAR)
- BAR International Series. British Archaeological Reports. Oxford. ISSN 0143-3067; OCLC 5883233 (all editions).
- Copeland, Lorraine (1975). "The Middle and Upper Paleolithic of Lebanon and Syria in the Light of Recent Research". In Wendorf, [Denver] Fred (1924–2015); Marks, Anthony Edward ("Tony") (1938–2025) (eds.). Problems in Prehistory: North Africa and the Levant. Dallas: SMU Press. pp. 317–350 – via Google Books (snippet view only).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: editors list (link) LCCN 74-14722; ISBN 978-0-8707-4146-3, 0-8707-4146-2; OCLC 1009407 (all editions). - Copeland, Lorraine; Hours, Francis (1921–1987), eds. (1989). The Hammer on the Rock – Studies in the Early Palaeolithic of Azraq, Jordan (2 Vols.). Archaeological Series No. 5 – BAR International Series 540, 540(i), and 540(e). Lyon, France: Maison de l'Orient Méditerranéen (C.N.R.S. – Lumière University Lyon 2).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: editors list (link) LCCN 90-136991; doi:10.30861/9780860546863 (online ed.); ISBN 978-1-4073-8719-2 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-1-4073-8720-8 (Vol. 2), ISBN 978-0-8605-4686-3, 0-8605-4686-1 (2-volume set, paperback), ISBN 978-1-4073-4835-3 (Pdf eBook); OCLC 21224302 (all editions).
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See Azraq, Jordan
- Copeland, Lorraine. "The Artifacts from a Sounding of D. Kirkbride at Lion Spring, Azraq in 1956". pp. 171–212. See Diana Kirkbride (1915–1997).
- Copeland, Lorraine. "The Harding Collection of Acheulean Artifacts from Lion Spring, Azraq: A Quantitative and Descriptive Analysis". pp. 213–258. See Gerald Lankester Harding (1901–1979).
- Copeland, Lorraine. "Analysis of the Paleolithic Artifacts from a Sounding by A. Garrard at C-Spring, Azraq, 1985 Season". pp. 325–390. See Andrew Garrard.
- Copeland, Lorraine. "Surface Finds at Northern and South-Eastern Sites". pp. 451–468.
- Copeland, Lorraine; Hours, Francis (1921–1987). "The Lower and Middle Paleolithic of the Desert Wadis in the Azraq Basin: Survey Results, 1982–1986". pp. 65–152.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) See Wadi.
- Roe, Derek Arthur (1937–2014), ed. (1983). Adlun in the Stone Age – The Excavations of D.A.E. Garrod in the Lebanon, 1958–1963. BAR International Series 159.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: editors list (link) doi:10.30861/9780860542032; ISBN 978-1-4073-9095-6 (Vol. 1), ISBN 978-1-4073-9096-3 (Vol. 2), ISBN 978-0-8605-4203-2, 0-8605-4203-3 (2-volume set; paperback); ISBN 978-1-4073-3064-8 (eBook); OCLC 12510805 (all editions). See Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod (1892–1968).
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- Sanlaville, Paul (1933–2021); Besançon, Jacques; Copeland, Lorraine; Muhesen, Sultan, eds. (1993). Le Paléolithique de la vallée moyenne de l'Oronte (Syrie) : peuplement et environnement [The Paleolithic of the Middle Orontes Valley (Syria): Human Occupation and Environment ]. BAR International Series 587 (in French). Lyon, France: Maison de l'Orient Méditerranéen.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: editors list (link) doi:10.30861/9780860547471 (online); ISBN 978-0-8605-4747-1, 0-8605-4747-7 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-4073-4887-2, 1-4073-4887-6 (eBook); OCLC 30516267 (all editions). - Copeland, Lorraine; Moloney, Norah (1945–2018), eds. (1998). The Mousterian Site of Ras el-Kelb, Lebanon. BAR International Series 706. Oxford: J. & E. Hedges Ltd.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: editors list (link) LCCN 98-162186; doi:10.30861/9780860549390; ISBN 978-0-8605-4939-0, 0-8605-4939-9 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-4073-5021-9, 1-4073-5021-8 (eBook); OCLC 39657785 (all editions). See Mousterian and Ras el Kelb.