Mainsforth Colliery
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Mainsforth Colliery was situated between Ferryhill and the small hamlet of Mainsforth in County Durham, England, United Kingdom. It was adjacent to the former Ferryhill railway station in the Ferryhill Station area of the town.
Mainsforth Colliery operated from 1872 to 1968, mining coal in the UK, deep underground.[1]
The name ‘Mainsforth’ is thought to mean the ford of someone called Maino (a Germanic name) and the ford probably crossed the boggy land called ‘The Carrs’ to the west.[2]
Operating life
In 1872 Mainsforth Colliery opened. In 1873 two shafts, the East and the West, were sunk 270 ft to the Five Quarter seam. It was worked until 1876 before being laid in. These workings were abandoned by 1877 and the shafts used as a rubbish dump. 23 years later, in 1900 the Carlton Iron Company re-excavated the abandoned shafts and de-watered the workings. The Colliery reopened in 1904 and the company deepened the shafts to the Harvey seam and to prove the Busty and Brockwell seams.
Ownership
The Mainsforth Coal Company operated the mine initially. The Carlton iron Company took over in the 1890s. Ownership passed to Dorman and Long of Middlesbrough in the 1920s. In 1947 the National Coal Board took over, following nationalisation of the mines.
Closure
When the Dean & Chapter Colliery closed on 15 January 1966, it stopped pumping and the water ran to Chilton, Leasingthorne and Mainsforth, reaching Mainsforth in September 1967. This caused Mainsforth Colliery's closure in December 1968. The last shift at Mainsforth Colliery was on December 6, 1968.[3]
Economic importance
The Dean and Chapter Colliery and Mainsforth Colliery were the main employers in the area.[4]
Coal from the mine kept Ferryhill railway station very busy. The railway station closed in the Beeching cuts. The demolition contractors for the colliery in the 1970s also demolished the residual station building structures. The area has been in economic decline since the mine and the railway station closed.[5]
The mine and local culture
Mineworkers contributed towards supporting the town band, cricket team, bowls team and many more activities that were associated with the colliery at that time. Without their support so many organisations and activities would never have existed. The legacy lives on with the following:
Welfare institute
Mainsforth Colliery Welfare Institute, Ferryhill Station, County Durham is a venue for arts music and theatre. It is currently home to the Mainsforth Community Centre.[6]
Art
Norman Cornish redeployed to Mainsforth Colliery in 1962 from the Dean and Chapter Colliery before its closure. It was in this period that Norman[7] painted the celebrated ‘Durham Miners' Gala Mural’.[8]
Music
Ferryhill Town Band
The miners of the Mainsforth Colliery formed the Ferryhill Town Band in 1909. (This was initially named the Mainsforth Colliery Brass Band). In the early years the miners contributed 1/2d per week to support the band.[9]
Sport
Cricket
Miners from the nearby Mainsforth colliery founded the Mainsforth Cricket Club in the early 1900s.
Bowls
Mainsforth Bowling Club was first established in the early 1900s to play lawn bowls, with the majority of players also working at the pit.