Maravarman Rajasimha I
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| Maravarman Rajasimha I | |
|---|---|
| Pallava - bhan- jana ( Destroyer of the Pallavas)[1] | |
| Reign | c. 710 - 765 AD[2] |
| Predecessor | Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira |
| Successor | Varagunavarman l |
| Dynasty | Pandya |
| Father | Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira |
Maravarman Rajasimha I (r. c. 710 - 765 AD), also known as Pallavabhanjana,(Tamil:முதலாம் இராசசிம்மன்) was a Pandya king of early medieval south India.[2][3] He was the son and successor of Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira.[4] He remembered for his important successes against the Pallavas and in the Kongu country.[4]
Although mentioned in the Larger Sinnamanur Plates, the Velvikkudi Grant is the major source of information about this Pandya king.[4][5]
Campaign against the pallavas
Siege of Nandigrama
When the Pallava king Parameswara II died in a battle with the Gangas, a crisis arose in the Pallava kingdom over succession. The Pallava officials then chose a young prince, Nandivarman II Pallavamalla, r. c. 731 - 96 AD, as the next monarch.[6] Rajasimha espoused the cause of a son of Parameswara II (named Chitramaya) in this crisis.[4]
The Pandya seems to have taken part in the campaigns which led to the siege of Nandivarman II in Nandigrama (Nandipuram, Kumbakonam) by the Tamil princess.[4] The Velvikkudi Grant ascribes him victories at Neduvayal, Kurumadai, Mannikuricchi (Mannaikkudi[5]), Tirumangai, Puvalur, Periyalur and Kodumbalur.[4] [7]The grant also says that he defeated Nandivarman II in the Battle of Kuzhumbur.[4][8][9] The siege was eventually raised by Pallava general Udayachandra (as mentioned in the Udayendiram Plates of Pallavamalla).[4] He defeated the Pandyas, beheaded prince Chitramaya, and made the Pallava throne secure for Nandivarman II.[10][11]
Even after defeating the Gangas in c. 760 AD, the Pallavas were unable to restrain the growing power of the Pandyas.[12]
Kongu country
Rajasimha I won a battle at Periyalur, then crossed the Kaveri River to subjugate the country of Mala Kongam (borders of Trichy and Thanjavur districts).[13] The Malava king who suffered defeat gave his daughter in marriage to Rajasimha. It seems that the conquests of the Pandya extended up to Pandikkodumudi (Kodumudi).[13]
Expedition to chera country
Rajasimha is reportly to have "renewed the cities of Kudal, Vanchi and Kozhi". It is possible that this is a reference to the conquest of the ancient capitals of the Pandyas, the Cheras and the Cholas.[13]
Battle of Venbai
Velvikkudi Grant describes the Pandya foray in to the Ganga kingdom (a vassal of the Chalukyas).[13][10] It says that the Chalukya king was defeated by the Pandya king in a Battle of Venbai[14] Subsequently, a Ganga princess was offered in marriage to a Pandya prince (a son of the Pandya king).[13][10][14] The Chalukya king who was defeated was probably Kirtivarman II (and thus the southern territory of the Chalukya kingdom was lost to the Pandyas under Kirtivarman II).[13][12][14]
Marangāri was a minister and military leader of the Pandya kingdom during the early medieval period of South India. He is known from the Velvikkudi copper plates and other inscriptions, which describe him as a trusted official and commander under a Pandya ruler. He is noted for his participation in the Battle of Venbai.[15][16][17]
References
- ↑ "Indian Antiquary". 22. Bombay Education Society's Press. 1893: 65.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - 1 2 "4.2.4 கோச்சடையன் ரணதீரனும், அவரது மகனும் (கி.பி. 670–765)" (in Tamil). தமிழ் இணையப் பல்கலைக்கழகம். Retrieved 16 July 2025.
- ↑ Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Madras, Oxford University Press. 165.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) The Pandyan Kingdom. London, Luzac and Company. 56-58.
- 1 2 Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) The Pandyan Kingdom.London, Luzac and Company. 51-52.
- ↑ Noburu Karashima (ed.), A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 87-88.
- ↑ The Tamilian Antiquary: no. 2. A critical review of the story of the Ramayana and an account of South Indian castes. Asian Educational Services. 2004. ISBN 978-81-206-1761-2.
- ↑ Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (1929). The Pandyan kingdom : from the earliest to the sixteenth century. Luzac,London.
- ↑ Govindasamy, M. S. (1965). The Role of Feudatories in Pallava History (PDF). Annamalai University. p. 40.
- 1 2 3 Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Madras, Oxford University Press. 149-50.
- ↑ Devakunjari, D. (1957). Madurai Through The Ages: From The Earliest Times To 1801 A.d.
- 1 2 Noburu Karashima (ed.), A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 88.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) The Pandyan Kingdom.London, Luzac and Company. 57-58.
- 1 2 3 Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta (1958). History of South India.
- ↑ A. S. Ramanatha Ayyar (ed.). South Indian Inscriptions, Volume XIV: The Pandyas (PDF). Archaeological Survey of India. p. 14. Retrieved 4 April 2026.
- ↑ Raman, K. V. பாண்டியர் வரலாறு (History of the Pandyas). Tamil Nadu Textbook and Educational Services Corporation. p. 82.
- ↑ "The Indian Antiquary". 40. Bombay Education Society’s Press. 1911: 143.
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