Mark Kotter

Kotter was born in Canada and raised in Austria, Germany, and Australia. He studied medicine in Graz and earned a PhD in stem cell biology from the University of Cambridge. He completed postgraduate medical training in Berlin and Vienna and later worked at the Max Planck Institute.^[1]

Kotter has made contributions to the importance of macrophages for brain regeneration,^[2] His work on cell programming includes the development of opti-ox (optimized inducible overexpression).^[3]

In 2016, Kotter founded it as Elpis Biomed, the company's name later changed to bit.bio to give a clearer indication of its function in cell coding: "bit" refers to the smallest building block in coding, while "bio" refers to the live cells that are being reprogrammed.^[4]

In 2018, Kotter co-founded the cultured meat company Meatable with Daan Luining.^[5] In 2019, Kotter co-founded the charity Myelopathy.org to provide information on Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.^[6]