Spaeth started her career at Hughes Aircraft Company, where she became interested in laser physics.[3] She became frustrated by the fact that lasers emit monochromatic laser light, which meant they could not be tuned for specific functions. Peter Sorokin at IBM demonstrated that organic dyes could make appropriate absorbers for Q-switching ruby lasers, and went on to investigate its fluorescence. At the time, Spaeth had been reading papers about the dyes used for the development of photographs.[4] She studied the molecular energy transfer processes involved with photographic development. The excited state geometries of these photographic dyes were similar to their ground states, which indicated strong absorption and the potential for population inversion. Spaeth recognised that molecules possessed a high number of rotational states, which would increase their gain bandwidth and could allow for wavelength tuning.[4] She put the dye molecules in a laser cavity and pumped them with a ruby laser, eventually obtaining an emission wavelength that depended on the cell length and mirror spacing.[4] By 1966, Spaeth had invented the tunable dye laser.[5][6][7]
Spaeth was involved with the development of tunable dye lasers, and their exploitation in atomic vapor laser isotope separation.[8] In 1974, she joined the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, where she explored the use of tunable dye lasers for uranium enrichment. Her work was adopted by the United States Enrichment Corporation (which became Centrus Energy).[1] She was made Chief Technology Officer at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).[when?] Spaeth was Lead Systems Engineer during the construction of NIF, which made use of innovations in precision, accuracy and optical components. Spaeth ensured the commissioning, installation and acceptance of the high energy laser systems.[1] Her innovations led to the creation of the NIF laser ignition driver.[9]
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