List of demonyms for U.S. states and territories

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This is a list of demonyms used to designate the citizens of specific states, federal district, and territories of the United States. Official English-language demonyms are established by the United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO);[1] however, many other terms are in common use. Though most states use suffixes in their demonyms, Hawaii is an anomaly, as the USGPO demonym is "Hawaii resident." This is to distinguish people of various ethnic groups who live in Hawaii from the native Hawaiians.

Map of state demonyms of the United States colored by suffix
Map of state demonyms of the United States colored by suffix

List

More information Jurisdiction, Recommended by USGPO ...
Jurisdiction Recommended by USGPO[1] Alternatives
Official Unofficial Archaic Non-English
AlabamaAlabamian Alabaman[2]
AlaskaAlaskan
American Samoa American Samoan Samoan: Amerika Samoa
ArizonaArizonan Arizonian[3] Spanish: arizonense
ArkansasArkansan Arkansasan, Arkansawyer,[4] Arkie[5]
CaliforniaCalifornian Prune Picker,[6][7][8][9][10][11] Californios Spanish: Californio, californiano, californiana
ColoradoColoradan Coloradoan[12][13] Spanish: coloradino, coloradina; coloradeño, coloradeña
ConnecticutConnecticuter Nutmegger[14]
DelawareDelawarean Blue Hen's Chicken,[15] Muskrat[15]
District of ColumbiaWashingtonian
FloridaFloridian Alligator,[16] Fly-Up-the-Creek[16] Spanish: floridiano, floridiana
Georgia (U.S. state) GeorgiaGeorgian Buzzard, Cracker, Goober-grabber[17]
Guam Guamanian Chamorro: Tåotåo Guåhån
HawaiiHawaii resident Islander,[18] Kamaʻāina. The Associated Press Stylebook restricts use of "Hawaiian" to people of Native Hawaiian descent.[19] Hawaiian: Kamaʻāina
IdahoIdahoan
IllinoisIllinoisan Illinoisian, Illinoian, Flatlander,[20] Sucker, Sand-hiller, Egyptian[21]
IndianaHoosier Indianan (former GPO demonym replaced by Hoosier in 2016)[1] Indianian[22]
IowaIowan Hawkeye[23]
KansasKansan Grasshopper, Jayhawker, Sunflower[24]
KentuckyKentuckian Corncracker,[25] Kentuckyan
LouisianaLouisianian Louisianan French: Louisianais Spanish: luisiano, luisiana
MaineMainer Down Easter or Downeaster,[26] Mainiac,[27] Yankee (rare)
MarylandMarylander
MassachusettsMassachusettsan Bay Stater (official term used by state government) and Citizen of the Commonwealth (identifier used in state law)[28]Massachusettsian,[29] Massachusite,[30][31] Masshole (derogatory[32] as an exonym; however, it can be affectionate when applied as an endonym[33])
MichiganMichigander[34] MichiganderMichiganian, Wolverine,[35][36] Michiganite, Yooper/Troll (for residents of the Upper Peninsula and Lower Peninsula, respectively),[37] Michigoose (used specifically for female residents, as a play on "Michi-gander")[37]
MinnesotaMinnesotan Minne
MississippiMississippian
MissouriMissourian Missouran French: Missourien Spanish: misuriano
MontanaMontanan Spanish: montanés, montanesa
NebraskaNebraskan Cornhuskers[38] Bugeaters[39]
NevadaNevadan Spanish: Nevadeño, nevadeña, nevadense
New HampshireNew Hampshirite New Hampshireman or New Hampshirewoman, Granite Stater, Granite Boys[40]
New JerseyNew Jerseyan New Jerseyite
New MexicoNew Mexican Spanish: neomexicano, neomexicana; neomejicano, neomejicana[41]
New York (state) New YorkNew Yorker Knickerbocker[42][43] Spanish: neoyorquino, neoyorquina
North CarolinaNorth Carolinian Tar Heel, Tar Boiler[44] Spanish: norcarolino, norcarolina
North DakotaNorth Dakotan Spanish: nordakotense
Northern Mariana Islands Mariana Islander Chamorro: Tåotåo Mariånas
OhioOhioan Buckeye[45] Ohian[46]
OklahomaOklahoman Okie,[47] Sooner[48]
OregonOregonian
PennsylvaniaPennsylvanian Penn, Quaker, Pennamite[49] Pennsylvania Dutch: Pennsylvanier[50]
Puerto RicoPuerto Rican Boricua[51] Spanish: puertorriqueño, puertorriqueña
Rhode IslandRhode Islander Swamp Yankee[52]
South CarolinaSouth Carolinian Sandlapper[53] Spanish: sudcarolino, sudcarolina
South DakotaSouth Dakotan Spanish: sudakotense
TennesseeTennessean Volunteer, Butternut[54] Big Bender Spanish: tennesiano, tennesiana
TexasTexan Texian (Anglo-Texan, historical),[55] Tejano (Hispano-Texan) Texican Spanish: texano, texana; tejano, tejana
UtahUtahn Utahn[56]Utahian (extremely rare),[citation needed] Utahan (a common exonym not typically used by Utahns)[57] Spanish: utaheño, utaheña; yutaheño, yutaheña[58]
VermontVermonter Woodchuck[59]
United States Virgin Islands Virgin IslandsVirgin Islander
VirginiaVirginian
Washington (state) WashingtonWashingtonian
West VirginiaWest Virginian Mountaineer
WisconsinWisconsinite Badger,[60] Cheesehead,[61][62] Sconnie,[63] Wisconsonian, Wisconsese
WyomingWyomingite Wyomese,[64] Wyomingian Spanish: wyominguita[65]
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See also

References

External links

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