Numerous fossil taxa have been described in the Mastotermitidae, as well as in the genus Mastotermes. The family seems to have had a worldwide distribution until just a few million years ago, when all but the ancestors of the giant northern termite became extinct for unknown reasons.
Genera included in the Mastotermitidae are:[2]
- †Anisotermes Zhao et al Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
- †Blattotermes Riek (Eocene-Oligocene of France, USA, and Australia)
- †Garmitermes Engel, Grimaldi, & Krishna Baltic amber, Eocene
- †Idanotermes Engel Baltic amber, Eocene
- †Khanitermes Engel, Grimaldi, & Krishna Shar-Tolgoy Formation, Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
- †Magnifitermes Jouault, Engel, & Nel Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
- Mastotermes Froggatt (Cretaceous-Recent of Europe, Central America and Australia)
- †Miotermes Rosen (Miocene of Croatia, Germany, and France)
- †Spargotermes Emerson (Miocene-Pliocene of Brazil)
- †Valditermes Jarzembowski Weald Clay, United Kingdom, Hauterivian
