Maurice Duval

Maurice was born on June 5, 1869, at Bayonne as the son of General Léon Duval who commanded the 77th Infantry Regiment and Louise Marie Elisabeth Mathilde (née de Leigonye). He attended the Saint-Joseph of Reims with a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences. After that, Duval enrolled in the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr on October 25, 1888, after passing the entrance exams, ranking 183 out of 450.^[1] He was promoted to Corporal on August 20, 1889, and to Sergeant on October 1, 1889, before graduating as part of the Class of 1889.^[2]

Upon graduating from the academy, he gained his commission of Second Lieutenant within the 27th Infantry Regiment October 1, 1890, but was transferred to the 122nd Infantry Regiment sixteen days later which was stationed at Montpellier. Duval was promoted to First Lieutenant on October 1, 1892, and began taking lessons at the Valbonne Shooting Club from 1892 to 1893 and ranked 42 out of 57 by the end of his class and was assigned to the 36th Infantry Regiment on August 1, 1894. Around this time, Duval married Marie Joséphine Lucienne Yvonne Teisserenc on October 1, 1894, and they would proceed to have two boys and two girls. On April 25, 1899, he was assigned to the 142nd Infantry Regiment and was given a letter of satisfaction on July 7, 1899, by the French Minister of War, Camille Krantz for his studies conducted in 1898. By August 16, 1901, he was within the 15th Infantry Regiment and staff of the 6th Army Corps on November 1, 1902.^[2]

He was promoted to Captain of the 68th Infantry Regiment on January 31, 1902, and seconded to the staff of the 83rd Brigade on December 24, 1904, before being appointed Orderly Officer to the Commanding General on January 25, 1905. He was then made the General Governor of Lille on May 25, 1906, before given another Letter of Satisfaction by Eugène Étienne for his conferences in Lille during the winter of 1906 and 1907.^[2]

On April 24, 1907, Duval enrolled in a two-year internship within the Imperial Japanese Army and stayed in Japan from June 9, 1907, to July 12, 1909.^[1] By the time he completed his training, he received a congratulatory letter by Georges Picquart for his completion of the training.^[2]

During his return to France, Duval was assigned to the 101st Infantry Regiment on October 11, 1909, before being transferred to the 103rd Infantry Regiment at Alençon on June 10, 1911. On July 12, 1911, Duval received the Knight of the Legion of Honour and an officer of the Order of the Dragon of Annam for his service in Japan on November 25, 1911. He also received the Knight of the Order of Agricultural Merit on February 6, 1912, the Officer of the Order of Cambodia on March 24, 1912, and was transferred to the 9th Infantry Battalion on January 9, 1913, as well as appointed a staff officer of Eugène Étienne on January 17, 1913, before being a member of the private staff on July 3, 1914.^[2]

Upon the French entry into World War I, Duval was made Battalion Commander while he was a Lieutenant Colonel but was seriously wounded during the First Battle of Champagne. For his service in the battle, Duval received the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 on September 20, 1915. His citation read:

Constantly in reconnaissance on the front in the most advanced trenches, rendered particularly brilliant services as deputy chief of staff of an army by a real understanding of situations, tireless activity, communicative enthusiasm and a remarkable spirit of initiative.^[2][1]

He also received the Knight of the Legion of Honour on November 11, 1915, as well as given command of the 314th Infantry Brigade. He was then made the Chief of Staff of the 6th Army, the 1st Army and the Army Group Centre which was commanded by Marshal Émile Fayolle. During 1917, Duval was promoted to Colonel but after the dismissal of the head of the Grand Quartier Général, Robert Nivelle, Duval began to shift careers. After Philippe Pétain succeeded him, he noticed Duval's previous experience and appointed him as commanding operator on August 3, 1917.^[1] was then promoted to Général de brigade on April 19, 1918.^[2]