Mayumba is situated on a peninsula between the Atlantic Ocean and the Banio Lagoon. The area is known for its sandy beaches, which serve as nesting sites for leatherback turtles. The primary ethnic groups in the town are the Vili, Lumbu, and Punu.
The town's infrastructure includes an airport, a market, seven primary schools, and a junior high school. Mayumba is located 20 kilometers (12 mi) north of Mayumba National Park, a protected area dedicated to marine species.
Oyster harvesting is a seasonal economic activity during the dry season (June to September) when increased salinity in the lagoon improves water visibility. Oysters are harvested by local divers and sold at the town market. The surrounding environment consists of savannah and coastal wetlands, which support wildlife such as sitatunga antelopes and various bird species.