Mercedes-Benz M196 engine
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| Mercedes-Benz M196 | |
|---|---|
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| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Daimler-Benz |
| Production | 1954-1955 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Straight-eight |
| Displacement | |
| Cylinder bore | |
| Piston stroke | |
| Valvetrain | Desmodromic valvetrain, DOHC, two valves per cylinder[3][4] |
| Compression ratio | |
| Combustion | |
| Operating principle | Four-stroke Otto |
| Fuel system | Direct fuel injection |
| Fuel type |
|
| Oil system | Dry sump |
| Output | |
| Power output | |
| Torque output | |
The Mercedes-Benz M196 engine is a naturally-aspirated, straight-8, racing engine, designed, developed, and produced by Daimler-Benz; and used in both sports car racing and Formula One racing, between 1954 and 1955.[8][9][10][11][12] Daimler-Benz made two versions of the engine, the M 196 R, displacing 2.5 litres, and the M 196 S, displacing 3.0 litres.
Mercedes pulled out of all motorsports after the 1955 Le Mans disaster. This was their last Formula One engine, and Mercedes did not return to motorsport as an engine manufacturer until 1994, when they supplied engines to the Sauber Formula One team.[13]
The new 1954 Formula One rules allowed a choice of naturally aspirated engines – up to 2.5 litres or 0.75 litres supercharged. The expected target range for competitive engines was 250 to 300 bhp (190 to 220 kW).
By its introduction at the 1954 French GP the 2,496 cc (152.3 cu in) (76.0×68.8 mm) desmodromic valves straight 8 M 196 R delivered 256 PS (188 kW). The M 196 was the only F1 engine with direct fuel injection, giving it a considerable advantage over the other carburetted engines.[14][15][16]
For the 1955 season, Daimler-Benz improved its M 196 R engine by reducing the intake manifold length,[17] increasing the engine power slightly to 265 PS (195 kW).[5]
The latest iteration of the 2.5-litre unit eventually had a compression in the range of ε=12.0…12.5, produced up to 290 PS (213 kW) at 8500/min, and delivered a maximum torque of 25.8 kp⋅m (253 N⋅m) at 6450/min, equivalent to a BMEP of 13 kp/cm2 (1.27 MPa).[7]