Methanoperedens nitroreducens
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| Methanoperedens nitroreducens | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Methanobacteriati |
| Phylum: | Methanobacteriota |
| Class: | "Methanomicrobia" |
| Order: | Methanosarcinales |
| Family: | Methanoperedenaceae |
| Genus: | Methanoperedens |
| Species: | M. nitroreducens |
| Binomial name | |
| Methanoperedens nitroreducens Haroon et al. 2013 | |
Methanoperedens nitroreducens (from Latin: methano, meaning "methane", peredens, meaning "consuming", nitro, meaning "nitrate", and reducens, meaning "leading back") is a candidate species of methanotrophic archaea that oxidizes methane by coupling to nitrate reduction.[1]
Metabolism
Ideal conditions for M. nitroreducens growth consist of temperatures around 72–95 °F (22–35 °C) and neutral to slightly basic pH of 7-8.[2] M. nitroreducens has been cultured in a bioreactor, but a pure culture has not yet been cultivated.[2]
M. nitroreducens is one of only two organisms that are currently known to be able to couple methane oxidation with nitrate or nitrite reduction, the other being Methylomirabilis oxyfera. M. nitroreducens utilizes the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM),[2] a process which serves as an important sink of environmental methane, lowering the gas' overall impact on climate change.[3] This process was originally discovered to be paired with sulfate reduction, but is now known to also be paired with nitrate and metal ion (Mn4+ or Fe3+) reduction. M. nitroreducens uses reverse methanogenesis with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor.[2][3]
M. nitroreducens is the first anaerobic methanotrophic archaea found to have genes for the full reverse methanogenesis pathway.[2] The full pathway of acetyl-CoA has also been found in M. nitroreducens.[3] It has been suggested that AOM is facilitated by Borgs, unusual large extrachromosomal DNA elements found in Methanoperedens.[4]