Dubose was born to Augustus Howard and Ann Lindsay on November 28, 1862, in Russell County, Alabama.[1] She was one of fifteen siblings and family lived in Columbus, Georgia. She was educated by a music teacher from the age of 14 to 16.[1]
Dubose worked as organist at the First Presbyterian Church of Columbus until her marriage and also composed instrumental music.[1] She married at an early age and gave birth to a son, Walter Howard Dubose.[2]
After her sister convinced the NAWSA to hold the 1895 annual convention in Atlanta, Georgia,[6]Susan B. Anthony visited the Howard sisters en route to the convention.[7] Dubose was a delegate to the convention and gave an address titled "Georgia Curiosities."[6] She called for women's enfranchisement in the context of her traditional feminine role as a mother, arguing that: "I am a woman and a mother. I have a son to rear whose pure moral character I am powerless properly to mould and discipline without the ballot."[8]