Monguno

Visible particulate matter emitted by vehicles is a significant threat to public health, particularly in the deepest parts of the lung, where it can exacerbate asthma attacks, bronchitis, and other lung diseases.^[5][6][7][8]

In early January 2015, residents fled Monguno and the village of Doron-Baga for the internally displaced persons camps in Maiduguri, following the capture of nearby Bama by Boko Haram.^[9] Monguno was captured by Boko Haram forces on 26 January 2015.^[10] Amnesty International expressed concern that local residents' requests for more troops for protection from Boko Haram had been ignored by the Army.^[11] On 17 February 2015, the military retook Monguno in a coordinated air and ground assault.^[12] Boko Haram and ISWAP carried out bombings in June and September 2015 and a massacre in June 2020.