Montceau-les-Mines
Commune in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Montceau-les-Mines (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃so le min] ⓘ) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
Montceau-les-Mines | |
|---|---|
Town hall | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Montceau-les-Mines | |
  Montceau-les-Mines  Montceau-les-Mines | |
| Coordinates: 46°40′04″N 4°22′11″E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Department | Saône-et-Loire |
| Arrondissement | Autun |
| Canton | Montceau-les-Mines |
| Intercommunality | CU Creusot Montceau |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Marie-Claude Jarrot[1] |
Area 1 | 16.62 km2 (6.42 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 17,064 |
| • Density | 1,027/km2 (2,659/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 71306 /71300 |
| Elevation | 274–326 m (899–1,070 ft) (avg. 287 m or 942 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
It is the second-largest commune of the metropolitan Communauté urbaine Creusot Montceau, which lies southwest of the city of Dijon.
History
Montceau-les-Mines is a former mining city. Coal was discovered in the area in the 16th Century. A hamlet called "Le Montceau" developed from this discovery.
"Le Montceau" began to grow after the building of the Canal du Centre, built between 1783 and 1791. A business entity, "Compagnie des mines", started to extract coals in 1833.
The commune was officially established June 24, 1856. as Montceau-les-Mines, a community of 1300 inhabitants, drawn from a territory formed from the villages of Blanzy, Saint-Vallier, Saint-Berain-sous-Sanvignes, and Sanvignes-les-Mines.
A graveyard and a church were built by the principal coal company, a sign of paternalism of mining industry.
Intense social movements took place at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century.
Coal made the city prosperous until 1918. During the War, the production reached 2,786,000 tons. There were about 30,000 inhabitants. After the war, the production started to decrease and stopped in 1992. Economic hardship followed the closing of the mines. By 2017, the population had fallen to about 18,000, unemployment was 21% and many shops of the city had closed.[3]
Population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 27,421 | — |
| 1975 | 28,177 | +0.39% |
| 1982 | 26,925 | −0.65% |
| 1990 | 22,999 | −1.95% |
| 1999 | 20,634 | −1.20% |
| 2007 | 19,548 | −0.67% |
| 2012 | 18,956 | −0.61% |
| 2017 | 18,398 | −0.60% |
| 2023 | 17,064 | −1.25% |
| Source: INSEE[4] | ||
Geography, geology and paleontology
Anebos phrixos, an enigmatic insect larva
Alanops magnificus, a small freshwater xiphosuran
Arthropleura sp., a juvenile of giant millipede
The Bourbince flows northward through the commune and crosses the town.
Exceptional preservation of Late Carboniferous fossil biota characterizes a Lagerstätte at Montceau-les-Mines.[5][6][7][8] It has often been interpreted as a freshwater environment,[6] sometimes even in high altitude.[9] Some suggests marine influence of the site,[10][11][12][13] but nearest marine environment is estimated to be several hundred kilometers away.[14] In 2024, two juvenile Arthropleura specimens from the Kasimovian (~305 Ma) sediments of Montceau-les-Mines were used to study the animal's head in detail.[15]
