Motion Picture Licensing Corporation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | |
Company type | Private |
|---|---|
| Industry | Legal[1] |
| Founded | 1986 |
| Headquarters | Los Angeles, California |
Key people | Rory Shedden (Chief Executive Officer) |
| Products | Umbrella License[2] |
| Website | www |
Motion Picture Licensing Corporation ("MPLC") is a global, independent, non-theatrical copyright licensing company authorized by more than 4,000 motion picture and television copyright holders, such as studios and producers, to issue a public performance license, called the “Umbrella License” which allows the public performance of copyrighted motion pictures, television programs and other audiovisual works that were originally intended for personal use only. The federal Copyright Act provides copyright owners the exclusive right to control the performance of their works. The Umbrella License allows organizations, corporations, associations, and other groups and institutions to show legally obtained motion pictures, television programs, and other audiovisual content that are originally intended for personal, private, home use only, in locations outside of the home. MPLC rights holders include Hollywood studios as well as children's, faith-based, independent, television, special interest, and international producers.
Founded in 1986, MPLC is a privately owned and operated company with offices in over 40 countries. MPLC's United States office is located in Los Angeles, California. MPLC’s parent company, Motion Picture Licensing Company (International) Limited is located in the United Kingdom.
MPLC provides audiovisual public performance licenses to numerous non-theatrical businesses, organizations, and other institutions. The following non-exhaustive list of studios varies based on industry and country.
- A&E Television Network
- BBC Worldwide
- Big Idea Entertainment
- Bleecker Street
- Brainstorm Media
- C3 Entertainment
- Cinedigm
- Discovery, Inc.
- Dreamscape
- Entertainment One
- Fintage House
- Hurricane Films
- Lionsgate Films
- MGM
- Momentum Pictures
- MVM Entertainment
- NBCUniversal
- Paramount Pictures
- Revelation Films
- RLJE Films
- Scholastic Corporation
- Screen Media Films
- Sony Pictures
- Spark Media
- STX Entertainment
- Turner Broadcasting System
- 20th Century Studios
- UIP
- ViacomCBS
- Walt Disney Pictures
- Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.
- Xenon Pictures
Public Performance Licensing in the USA
Section 101 of the United States Copyright Act provides copyright protection for “original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.”[3] As defined under Section 102, “works of authorship” includes motion pictures (otherwise referred to as “movies” or “films” in the United States) and other audiovisual works.[4] “Audiovisual works” are further defined as works that consist of a series of related images “which are intrinsically intended to be shown by the use of machines or devices.”[5] Under Section 106, only the copyright owner holds the exclusive right, among several other exclusive rights “to perform the copyrighted work publicly.”[6] For any copyrightable subject matter, to “perform” means “to recite, render, play, dance or act it”, which can be either directly or by means of any device or process, including “any kind of equipment for reproducing or amplifying sounds or visual images, any sort of transmitting apparatus, any type of electronic retrieval system, and any other techniques and systems not yet in use or even invented.”[7] Section 106 also grants the owner of copyright the exclusive right to authorize any of the other rights under that section.[8] As part of the definition of “transfer of copyright ownership” under Section 101, the copyright owner (or rights holder) may transfer its exclusive rights in the form of an exclusive license.[9]
Motion pictures and other audiovisual works may be shown without a separate license in the home to “a normal circle of a family and its social acquaintances” because such showings are not considered “public.”[10] Without a license or other authorization from a rights holder, a person does not have any of the rights in a copyright exclusively reserved to the rights holder including that right to perform in public.[11]
Non-Theatrical Markets
In the United States and globally, MPLC provides a blanket public performance license. Blanket public performance licenses permit licensees to publicly perform, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable copyright laws, licensed motion pictures, television and other audiovisual works that are originally intended for private use and accessed from any legal source, where there is no advertising regarding the exhibition in any media directed to the general public, and for which no fee or admission is charged. MPLC provides its blanket license, the Umbrella License (license name differs by country), to the following non-exhaustive list of industries:[12]
- Child Care/Nurseries
- Clubs and Leisure Centers
- Commercial and Retail Establishments
- Communal Living Facilities
- Corporations
- Education
- Government and Similar Buildings
- Health Care Buildings & Services
- Religious Institutions
- Restaurants, Clubs, and Pubs
- Short Term Lodging
- Transportation
MPLC also provides title-by-title or digital public performance licenses outside of the United States. Title-by-title licenses permit licensees to publicly perform, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable copyright laws, specifically identified motion pictures, television and other audiovisual works that are originally intended for private use and accessed from any legal source, for exhibitions which may advertise to the general public and/or where admission is charged. Digital licensing means the business of copying, distributing, and providing public performance rights of digital materials supplied from rights holders to an approved electronic platform which serves as a source for public performance exhibitions.