Naolinco volcanic field
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The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt is best known for calc-alkaline volcanoes such as Pico de Orizaba and Popocatepetl stratovolcanoes as well as calderas and pyroclastic cones; however it also features scattered alkali basalt volcanism. It lies at an angle to the Middle America Trench unlike the more typical volcanic arcs of Central America;[5] some theories consider the belt to be independent from the trench.[6] In its eastern region lies the Cofre de Perote and a group of volcanoes including the Naolinco Volcanic Field.[7]
Sometimes it and some neighbouring monogenetic volcanoes such as those at Cofre de Perote are included into a "Xalapa volcanic field", which would have about 50 volcanic centres.[8][9] Despite their location, they are most likely unrelated to Cofre de Perote itself.[7]
The field
The Naolinco Volcanic Field lies in the Sierra de Chiconquiaco.[7] It includes the volcanic cones of Cerro Acatlan, which is the largest cone in the field,[1] Cerro el Hoyo, two Cerro Gordo cones, Cerro Organo and Pueblo Viejo.[10] The cone Rincon de Chapultepec has a crater 275 metres (902 ft) wide.[11] The individual centres appear to be aligned in a northeast-southwest direction.[12] Lava flows from Naolinco volcanoes have flowed south.[4] Pyroclastic material is also found in the area.[1]