Nikola Kirov
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Nikola Kirov Никола Киров | |
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| Born | (1880-06-28)28 June 1880 |
| Died | 2 August 1962(1962-08-02) (aged 82) |
| Occupations | Teacher, publicist, revolutionary |
Nikola Kirov (Никола Киров; 28 June 1880 – 2 August 1962) was a Macedonian Bulgarian teacher, revolutionary and public figure,[1][2][3] a member of IMRO.
Nikola Kirov was born on 28 June 1880 in Kırşova, in the Manastir Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (present-day North Macedonia).[4] He completed basic education in his hometown, but then studied at the Bulgarian Men's High School in Bitola, from where he was expelled in 1898. He moved later to Thessaloniki and in 1902 graduated the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki. In the high school he joined the IMRO.[5] During the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie uprising, Nikola Kirov was in Kruševo and participated in the declaration and defense of the Kruševo Republic, and after the uprising was the head of the Kruševo Revolutionary Committee.[6] He became Bulgarian Exarchate teacher in Embore and later in Debar and in 1911-1912 he was the director of the Bulgarian school in Resen.[7]
After the Second Balkan War he emigrated with his whole family to Bulgaria and graduated from Sofia University.[8] He participated in the activities of the Macedonian Federative Organization and of the Ilinden (Organization). In 1923 he published the novel "Ilinden", in which he attributed to Nikola Karev the creation of the Kruševo Manifesto.[9] It was one of the first literary works that were published in his native Prilep-Bitola dialect,[10] even before there was a standardized Macedonian language.[11] He is the author of the works "Looking to Macedonia", "Krushevo and his struggles for freedom" (1935), "The Krushevo Epic", "Light to Darkness" and others. He also appeared as a playwright and poet. Kirov regularly published materials in the magazine "Ilinden". Kirov's writings, which are among the most known primary sources on the rebellion, mention Bulgarians, Vlachs and sic: Grecomans, who participated in the events in Kruševo.[12]
References
- ↑ Николов, Борис Й. Вътрешна македоно-одринска революционна организация. Войводи и ръководители (1893-1934). Биографично-библиографски справочник, София, 2001, стр. 76 - 77.
- ↑ Although Yugoslav-era historians in the Republic of Macedonia objected to Kirov-Majski's classification of Macedonia's Slavic population as Bulgarian, they quickly embraced all else in his narrative of events and attitudes in 1903 as definitive. For more see:Keith Brown, The Past in Question: Modern Macedonia and the Uncertainties of Nation, Princeton University Press, 2003, ISBN 0691099952, p. 81.
- ↑ The account of the Macedono-Bulgarian author Nikola Kirov-Mayski is very popular in the FYROM and it is one of the primary sources on the rebellion, even though, similar to the two Greek accounts, Kirov-Mayski mentions Bulgarians, Vlachs and Greeks, but no ethnic Macedonians who participated in the Ilinden Rebellion in Krushevo. For more see: Chris Kostov, Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, 1900-1996, Volume 7 of Nationalisms across the globe, Peter Lang, 2010, ISBN 3034301960, p. 71.
- ↑ Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Scarecrow Press, 2009, ISBN 0810862956, p. 116.
- ↑ Кандиларовъ, Георги Ст. Българскитѣ гимназии и основни училища въ Солунъ (по случай на 50-годишнината на солунскитѣ български гимназии). София, Македонски Наученъ Институтъ, печатница П. Глушковъ, 1930. с. 97.
- ↑ Киров, Никола. Спомени и преживелици, Македония, год. VI, бр. 1760, 2 септември 1932, с. 4, бр. 1761, 3 септември 1932, с. 4, бр. 1762, 5 септември 1932, с. 4.
- ↑ Генов, Георги. Беломорска Македония 1908 - 1916, Торонто, 2006, стр.37.
- ↑ Поповски, Търпо. Македонски дневник. Спомени на отец Търпо Поповски, Фама, София, 2006, стр. 151.
- ↑ Myths and boundaries in south-eastern Europe, Author Pål Kolstø, Publisher Hurst & Co., 2005, p. 284.
- ↑ The Bulgarian Ministry of Education officially codified standard Bulgarian language in 1899, while Macedonian was finally codified in 1950 in Communist Yugoslavia, that finalized the progressive split in the common Macedonian–Bulgarian pluricentric area. Macedonian dialects are still considered to be Bulgarian in Bulgaria. For more see: Victor Roudometof. Collective memory, national identity, and ethnic conflict: Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian question (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002), p. 41.
- ↑ Torsten Szobries: Sprachliche Aspekte des nation-building in Mazedonien. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, S. 56.
- ↑ Kostov, Chris (2010). Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, 1900–1996. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-0343-0196-1. p. 71.
- ↑ Николов, Борис. ВМОРО - псевдоними и шифри 1893-1934, Звезди, 1999, стр. 72-73.
External links
- Киров-Майски, Никола (1935). Крушово и борбите му за свобода. София.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Македония и България. (Сказка държана в театър "Одеон")", публикувано във в-к "Воля", бр. 655–661, София, 1915 г.
- Никола Киров-Майски от Крушево, Вардарска Македония - "Илинден - Драма в пет действия; Картини из великото македонско възстание през 1903 год.", София, 1923 година
- Никола Киров-Майски от Крушево, Вардарска Македония - "Светлосенки; разкази и скици", Видин, 1942 година
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