Novaya, Krasnoyarsk Krai
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Novaya
Новая | |
|---|---|
Village | |
  Novaya Location in Krasnoyarsk Krai  Novaya Location in Russia  Novaya Location in the Arctic | |
| Coordinates: 71°44′51″N 101°13′28″E / 71.74750°N 101.22444°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Krai | Krasnoyarsk |
| District | Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District |
| Rural settlement | Khatanga |
| Rural settlement district | Novinsky |
| Area | |
• Total | 0.257 km2 (0.099 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
• Total | 266 |
| • Density | 1,040/km2 (2,680/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (KRAT) |
| Postal code | 647485 |
Novaya (Russian: Новая) is one of the northernmost villages in Russia and the world, located in Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, along the Kheta river. The village can be reached either by boat or by helicopter, and has its own radio station.[3][4]
Novaya was first officially settled as a hunting and fishing village by the Nganasan people in 1937.[5] In 1938, a collective farm named after Alexei Stakhanov was established in Novaya that hired twenty Dolgan families from the broader Taymyr Peninsula. Upon construction of a boarding school in Novaya in 1953, the economy began to develop faster. Further migration of Nganasans to Novaya occurred gradually from 1960 until 1990. The Novaya boarding school was used by children from nearby villages, such as Kartyrk. Most of these children travelled to Novaya by flight, and some reportedly rode reindeers to the boarding school.[6] In the 1990s, Nganasans from elsewhere in the Taymyr peninsula were negatively impacted by the fall of the Soviet Union and the corresponding dissolution of collectivized reindeer farms they economically relied on. As a result, a significant number were forced to relocate to Novaya and other settlements along the Kheta river known for their fishing economies.[3][7] In 1996, a group of Finnish filmmakers filmed a documentary in Novaya.[4] Novaya gained its own officially recognized rural settlement district in 2006.[8]
Demographics
| Year | Population | Additional information |
|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 313[9] | 2002 Russian census[9] |
| 2004 | 365[10] | None |
| 2008 | 314[11] | 308 people belonged to indigenous minorities of the North.[11] |
| 2010 | 313[12][13] | 2010 Russian census[12][13] |
| 2012 | 288[14] | None |
| 2014 | 294[15] | None |
| 2017 | 292[16] | None |
| 2018 | 292[17] | 286 people belonged to indigenous minorities of the North.[17] |
| 2019 | 334[18] | 266 people of Dolgan descent.[19] |
| 2020 | 266[18] | 82% of the population were Dolgans, and 18% were Nganasans.[18] |
Environment
Ecology
Trees in Novaya contain Taimyr amber, which has special characteristics only found in the Taymyr peninsula, but no ants – implying historical presence of Taymyr ants.[20]
Climate
The climate is close to arctic, with long winters, polar nights, severe frosts and short summers:
- The average annual temperature is -13 °C (-30 °C winter, 12 °C summer)
- Snow cover lies eight to nine months per year.
- Precipitation is 110-350 mm per year.
- Open-ground agriculture is impossible in the winter.
- The polar night lasts from November 10 to February 1, and the polar day last from May 13 to August 6.