Nu (letter)
Thirteenth letter in the Greek alphabet
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nu (/ËnjuË/ â; uppercase Î, lowercase ν; Greek: vι ni, [ni]) is the thirteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiced alveolar nasal [n]. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 50. It is derived from the Phoenician letter nun (ð¤). Its Latin equivalent is N, though the lowercase () resembles the Roman lowercase v.
The name of the letter is νῦ (nû, [nÅ·Ë]) in Ancient Greek, while in Modern Greek it is νι (ni, [ni]).
Letters that arose from nu include N in the Latin script and En (Ð) in Cyrillic.
Symbology
The lower-case letter ν is used as a symbol in many academic fields. Uppercase nu is not used, because it appears identical to Latin N.
- Mathematics:
- Degrees of freedom in statistics.
- The greatest fixed point of a function, as commonly used in the μ-calculus.
- Free names of a process, as used in the Ï-calculus.
- One of the Greeks in mathematical finance, known as "vega".
- The reciprocal of 1 plus the interest rate in finance.
- The p-adic valuation or p-adic order of a number.
- Physics:
- Kinematic viscosity in fluid mechanics.[1]
- The frequency[2] of a wave in physics and other fields; sometimes also spatial frequency; wavenumber
- The specific volume in thermodynamics.
- Poisson's ratio, the ratio of strains perpendicular with and parallel with an applied force.
- Any of three kinds of neutrino in particle physics.
- The number of neutrons released per fission of an atom in nuclear physics.
- Molecular vibrational mode, νx where x is the number of the vibration (a label).
- The true anomaly, an angular parameter that defines the position of a body moving along an orbit (see orbital elements).
- Biology:
- A DNA polymerase found in higher eukaryotes and implicated in translesion synthesis.
- Chemistry:
- Psychology:
- The maximum conditioning possible for an unconditioned stimulus in the Rescorla-Wagner model.
Unicode
Encodings of Greek Nu and Coptic Ni.[3]
- U+039D Î GREEK CAPITAL LETTER NU (Ν)
- U+03BD ν GREEK SMALL LETTER NU (ν) (
\nuin TeX) - U+2C9A â² COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER NI
- U+2C9B â² COPTIC SMALL LETTER NI
- U+1D6B4 ð´ MATHEMATICAL BOLD CAPITAL NU[a]
- U+1D6CE ð MATHEMATICAL BOLD SMALL NU
- U+1D6EE ð® MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL NU
- U+1D708 ð MATHEMATICAL ITALIC SMALL NU
- U+1D728 ð¨ MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL NU
- U+1D742 ð MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC SMALL NU
- U+1D762 ð¢ MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD CAPITAL NU
- U+1D77C ð¼ MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD SMALL NU
- U+1D79C ð MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL NU
- U+1D7B6 ð¶ MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC SMALL NU
- The mathematical symbols should only be use for math. Stylized Greek text should be encoded using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style.
