Oleoresin
Defensive secretion of conifer trees
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Oleoresin (/ˌoʊlioʊˈrɛzən/) is a terpene-rich defensive secretion of conifer trees, composed of a volatile turpentine fraction, and a semi-solid resin and essential or fatty oil.[1] The oleoresin of conifers are known as crude turpentine or gum turpentine, which consists of oil of turpentine and rosin.[2]
Oleoresin yields are affected by extrinsic factors, such as soil fertility, temperature, relative humidity and precipitation, by intrinsic factors, such as genetics, age, size, health, and competition.[3]
In kraft pulping, conifer woodchips are cooked with chemicals to extract cellulose fiber, oleoresin is also extracted as a tall oil byproduct.[4] Industrial oleoresin derivatives are versatile:
- Rosin & derivatives
- Adhesives, sizing, tackifiers, plasticizers, printing inks.
- Turpentine
- Solvents in coatings, paints.
- Fatty acids
- Soap, detergents, lubricants, drilling fluids.
When the oleoresin of the balsam fir tree (Abies balsamea) is dissolved in xylene and used for making permanent microscope slides, it is called Canada balsam.[5]
Oleoresin capsicum
An extract from chili (Capsicum) peppers. Capsaicinoid fractions are obtained by evaporating relevant solvents.[6] Capsaicinoids cause dermatitis as well as nasal, ocular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal effects in humans.[7]
Processing of oleoresin capsicum is conducted on a large scale, especially in China (400,000 tons per year in the 1990s).[8]
Paprika oleoresin
A paprika extract, also known as capsanthin or capsorubin, obtained from the dried fruits of (capsicum annuum) paprika peppers, primarily used as a coloring agent in foods and, to a lesser extent animal feeds.[9] Also known to be used in the manufacture of cosmetic soaps, a well-known pipe dope, Rectorseal #5, is stated to have an "oleoresinous base".
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