Oprichny Dvor (organization)
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Oprichny Dvor Опричный двор | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Mikhail Glukhov |
| Founded | 13 August 1993 |
| Dissolved | 23 June 1994 |
| Succeeded by | National Socialist Russian Workers' Party |
| Headquarters | Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia |
| Ideology | Russian ultranationalism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Colours | Black Red |
The Oprichny Dvor (Russian: Опричный двор; literally Apart Yard) or Oprichniks (Russian: Опричники; Oprichniki) was a Russian ultranationalist social and political organization that operated in the city of Kazan in 1993–1994.
According to the Kazan press, the "oprichniks" first openly declared themselves on August 13, 1993, when "the leaders of the Russian communists arrived in Kazan on a motor ship for agitation purposes: Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Terekhov, chairman of the "Union of Officers" and Sazhi Umalatova, chairman of the "Permanent Presidium Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR".[1]
"The unusualness of the visiting celebrities", - noted the journalist V.V. Kurnosov, - "was given by the security, young guys in black shirts with red bands on their left hand".[2]
In 1999, a photo of the meeting with the caption: “There are no fascists in Tatarstan, but there were oprichniks ...”, the Kazan newspaper “Vremya i Dengi” posted on its pages.[3]
Ideology, leaders
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The main inspirer of the creation and leader of the Oprichny Dvor was a local leader of the national-radical wing, the former pastor of the Baptist Church Mikhail Yuryevich Glukhov (born in 1960).[4]
The organization itself was viewed by him as an elite political unit, whose members - the "oprichniks" - were supposed to form the ideological core of the future "National Socialist Russian Workers' Party".
As an emblem, members of the Oprichny Dvor used the image of the distinctive attribute of the oprichnina army of the Russian Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible - "a dog's head and a broom", which was placed on a red armband. A dog's head with an open mouth symbolized the readiness to gnaw out internal treason in the person of Boris Yeltsin's regime and its supporters - corrupt officials, criminals and "pseudo-democrats", and the broomstick symbolized the intention to sweep foreign invaders out of Russia.
The «Oprichniks» advocated the establishment of a "new order" in the country based on national-state dictatorship and military-police discipline, for strict state control over the economy, spoke out in support of the army, law enforcement agencies and state security agencies, and also declared special sympathy for the workers.[5]
Organization composition
The organization consisted mainly of young people.
«Basically, - emphasized M. Yu. Glukhov in an interview given by him in August 1993 to V.V.Kurnosov, - we work with workers, students, the military, the police, the army, the KGB, partly with the director corps, entrepreneurs».