Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme
Protein family
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In molecular biology, Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (ODC-AZ) is an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor. It binds to, and destabilises, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key enzyme in polyamine synthesis. ODC is then rapidly degraded.[1] It was first characterized in 1981.[2] The expression of ODC-AZ requires programmed, ribosomal frameshifting which is modulated according to the cellular concentration of polyamines. High levels of polyamines induce a +1 ribosomal frameshift in the translation of mRNA for the antizyme leading to the expression of a full-length protein. At least two forms of ODC-AZ exist in mammals [3] and the protein has been found in Drosophila (protein Gutfeeling[4]) as well as in Saccharomyces yeast (encoded by the OAZ1 gene).[5]
Human genes encoding Ornithine decarboxylase antizymes are OAZ1, OAZ2, and OAZ3.
