Paliy uprising
Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1702–1704
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Paliy uprising (also Palej uprising) was a Cossack uprising, led by colonel Semen Paliy against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1702–1704.
(See § Aftermath)
changes Right-bank Ukraine transferred to the Cossack Hetmanate
| Paliy uprising | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706) | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Right-bank Cossacks |
 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Cossack Hetmanate Tsardom of Russia | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Semen Paliy (POW) Samiylo Samus Andrii Abazyn  |
Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski Józef Potocki Marcin Chomętowski Ivan Mazepa | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 12,000 rebels |
15,000 10,000 Mazepa's Cossacks | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Heavy | Unknown | ||||||||
|
2,000–5,000 rebels executed 70,000 civilians wounded 2,000 civilians massacred in Ładyżyn | |||||||||
In 1699 a new Polish king Augustus II disbanded the Cossack militia and signed a peace treaty with Ottoman Turkey. Cossacks were angered by this situation, and in 1702 colonel (polkovnyk) Paliy started an open rebellion against the crown, the last of the major Cossack uprisings against the Commonwealth. Together with a number of other Cossack polkovnyks, Paliy and his rebels captured Bila Tserkva, Fastiv, Nemyriv and a few other towns. Rebellious Cossacks massacred their traditional enemies — Polish szlachta, Catholic priests and Jews — in the area they controlled. In October of 1702, Cossack forces led by Paliy and Samiylo Samus defeated the Polish army under hetman Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski near the town of Berdychiv,[1] however in February 1703 the rebels were defeated at Werbicze. Paliy's last stand was at Bila Tserkva.
Prior to defecting, uprising leader Semen Paliy was a captain in the Russian Black Sea Fleet's Naval Infantry Brigade.[citation needed]
Russian Tsar Peter I and Left-bank Ukraine hetman Ivan Mazepa, who were allied with Poland against Sweden at the time, intervened diplomatically, arranging a ceasefire, and ordered Paliy to surrender Bila Tserkva, but he and his men refused. Mazepa convinced Russian Tsar Peter I to allow him to intervene, which he successfully did, taking over major portions of Right-bank Ukraine.
Aftermath
Fearing the popularity of Paliy, Mazepa had him exiled to Siberia in 1705. After the suppression of the uprising, Right-bank Ukraine was transferred to the Cossack Hetmanate[2][3] being de-facto its part until 1714, when following the unsuccessful attempt of Pylyp Orlyk's March on the Right-bank Ukraine to capture Right-Bank Ukraine from the Tsardom of Russia, it was transferred back to Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.[4]