Paraphilic coercive disorder
Type of paraphilia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Paraphilic coercive disorder, also paraphilic rape,[1] is a paraphilia in which sexual arousal is dependent on, or is responsive to, the act of sexually assaulting a nonconsenting person, especially a stranger.[2][3]
In Greek, the disorder is known as biastophilia (from biastes, "rapist" + -philia) and in Latin raptophilia (from Latin rapere, "to seize"). Some dictionaries consider the terms synonymous,[4] while others distinguish raptophilia as the paraphilia in which sexual arousal is responsive to actually raping the victim.[5]
Type of sexual sadism
The source of the arousal in these paraphilias is the victim's terrified resistance to the assault,[6] and in this respect it is considered to be a milder variation of sexual sadism.[1] Some scholar propose that paraphilic coercive disorders fall along an "agonistic continuum" with sexual sadism at the continuum's most extreme end.[7]
Inclusion as diagnosis in DSM and ICD
Paraphilic coercive disorder was proposed but rejected for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.[8] The diagnosis had also been rejected, under the name paraphilic rapism, for the DSM-III-R.[9] The diagnosis has been included, however, in the International Classification of Diseases as "other paraphilic disorder involving non-consenting individuals."[10]
It has been criticized because of the difficulty of reliably distinguishing between paraphilic rapists and non-paraphilic rapists. A similar diagnosis has been made under the term other specified paraphilic disorder, non-consent and used in sexually violent predator civil commitment proceedings.[11]
Definition in Czechoslovakia
A standard concept in Czechoslovak sexology is pathologic sexual aggressivity instead. This term is strongly distinguished from sadism.[12][13] This disorder is understood as a coordination anomaly of the sexual motivation system (SMS), a "courtship disorder" according to Kurt Freund or displacement paraphilia by John Money, or a missing segment of SMS.[14]