Parotocinclus
Genus of fishes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Parotocinclus is a genus of fish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. This genus is distributed through almost all hydrographic systems in South America from the Guyana Shield drainages and Amazon Shield tributaries to the coastal drainages of eastern and southeastern Brazil, including the rio São Francisco basin.[1] Most species have the caudal peduncle oval in cross section.[2]
| Parotocinclus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Parotocinclus jumbo | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Tribe: | Otothyrini |
| Genus: | Parotocinclus C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889 |
| Type species | |
| Otocinclus maculicauda Steindachner, 1877 | |
Ecology
It has been found that Characidium fish species may interact with P. maculicauda. The small Characidium will follow grazing P. maculicauda, which release particulate matter dislodged from the catfish's foraging.[3]
Taxonomy
A parsimony analysis of morphological characters suggests that Parotocinclus is not a monophyletic genus, with P. jumbo and P. collinsae falling outside the group.[4]
Based on analysis of both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, the P. collinsae cladistic group based in been transferred to Rhinotocinclus.[citation needed] P. jumbo may eventually be transferred also.[citation needed] P. bidentatus and P. muriaensis form a monophyletic pair of sister taxa that is more closely related to a subset of species of Parotocinclus (which includes P. maculicauda) than to any other genus of the tribe Otothyrini.[4]
Species
There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus:
- Parotocinclus adamanteus Pereira, Santos, de Pinna & Reis, 2019 [5]
- Parotocinclus arandai Sarmento-Soares, Lehmann A. & Martins-Pinheiro, 2009
- Parotocinclus bahiensis (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918)
- Parotocinclus bidentatus Gauger & Buckup, 2005
- Parotocinclus cabessadecuia Ramos, Lima & Ramos, 2017 [6]
- Parotocinclus cearensis Garavello, 1977
- Parotocinclus cesarpintoi P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
- Parotocinclus cristatus Garavello, 1977
- Parotocinclus doceanus (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918)
- Parotocinclus fluminense Roxo, Melo, Silva & Oliveira 2017
- Parotocinclus haroldoi Garavello, 1988
- Parotocinclus jacksoni Ramos, Lustosa-Costa, Barros-Neto & Barbosa, 2021[7]
- Parotocinclus jacumirim D. E. da Silva Jr., T. P. A. Ramos & A. M. Zanata, 2020[8]
- Parotocinclus jequi Lehmann A., Koech Braun, E. H. L. Pereira & R. E. dos Reis, 2013[9]
- Parotocinclus jimi Garavello, 1977
- Parotocinclus jumbo Britski & Garavello, 2002
- Parotocinclus maculicauda (Steindachner, 1877)
- Parotocinclus minutus Garavello, 1977
- Parotocinclus muriaensis Gauger & Buckup, 2005
- Parotocinclus nandae Lehmann A., Camelier & Zanata, 2020[10]
- Parotocinclus planicauda Garavello & Britski, 2003
- Parotocinclus prata A. C. Ribeiro, A. L. A. Melo & E. H. L. Pereira, 2002
- Parotocinclus pukuixe Silva-Junior & Zanata, 2022[11]
- Parotocinclus robustus Lehmann A. & R. E. dos Reis, 2012[12]
- Parotocinclus seridoensis T. P. A. Ramos, Barros-Neto, Britski & S. M. Q. Lima, 2013[13]
- Parotocinclus spilosoma (Fowler, 1941)
- Parotocinclus spilurus (Fowler, 1941)[14]