Parsa District
District in Madhesh Province, Nepal
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Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
Parsa District
पर्सा जिल्ला | |
|---|---|
The Shankaracharya Gate in Birganj on the Indo-Nepal border | |
| Etymology: derived from Parsagadhi fort | |
 Location of Parsa District (dark yellow) in Madhesh Province | |
| Country |  Nepal |
| Region | Bhojpur |
| Province | Madhesh |
| Established | During Rana regime |
| Admin HQ. | Birgunj |
| Government | |
| • Type | Coordination committee |
| • Body | DCC, Parsa |
| • Head | Ajay sah sonar |
| • Deputy-Head | puran patel |
| • Parliamentary constituencies | 4 (List) |
| • Provincial constituencies | 8 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | |
• Total | 649,397 |
| • Density | 480.0/km2 (1,243/sq mi) |
| • Households | 95,516 |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic groups | Muslim, Kurmi, Tharu, Yadav |
| • Female ♀ | 48% |
| • Male ♂/100 female | 108.21 |
| Human Development Index | |
| • Income per capita (US dollars) | $1657 |
| • Poverty rate | 36.37 |
| • Literacy | 69.1% |
| • Life Expectancy | 70.25 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:45 (NPT) |
| Postal Codes | 44301... 44315 |
| Telephone Code | 051 |
| Main Language(s) | Bhojpuri (78.1%), Nepali (6.4%), Maithili (5.1%), Tharu (3.8%), Urdu (2.2%), others (4.4%) |
| Website | dccparsa |
Etymology
According to locals, the name of the district is derived from the Parsagadhi fort, where the Nepali Gorkhali Soldiers defeated British Soldiers.[3]
Geography and Climate
| Climate Zone[4] | Elevation Range | % of Area |
|---|---|---|
| Lower Tropical | below 300 meters (1,000 ft) | 74.7% |
| Upper Tropical | 300 to 1,000 meters 1,000 to 3,300 ft. |
25.3n% |
Demographics
| Historical population | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Census year | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
| Pop. | 284,338 | 372,524 | 497,219 | 601,017 | 649,397 |
| ±% p.a. | — | +2.74% | +2.93% | +1.91% | +0.78% |
 | |||||
| Source: Citypopulation[5] | |||||
At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Parsa District had a population of 654,471. 9.45% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 69.12% and a sex ratio of 935 females per 1000 males. 395,104 (60.37%) lived in municipalities.[6]
Ethnicity/caste: Madheshi are the largest group, making up over 65% of the population. Muslims are the largest single community, making up over 17% of the population. Tharus are nearly 7% of the population. There are small minorities of Khas and Hill Janjati.[7]
At the time of the 2021 census, 84.71% of the population spoke Bhojpuri, 4.80% Nepali, 3.75% Tharu, 2.08% Urdu, 1.16% Tamang and 1.13% Maithili as their first language.[8]
Religion: 81% were Hindu, 18% Muslim, 1% Buddhist.[9]
Literacy: 55.7% could read and write, 2.9% could only read and 41.3% could neither read nor write.[10]
Notable people
- Ajay Chaurasiya - Nepali Congress leader, former minister and former Member of House of Representatives/Constituent Assembly
- Bina Jaiswal - Bina Jaiswal is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Rastriya Prajatantra Party. She is a member of Parliament currently serving as the member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal.
- Mohammad Lalbabu Raut Gaddhi - First Chief Minister of Madhesh Province
- Pradeep Yadav - leader of PSP-N and member of House of Representatives
Administration
VDC/s and Municipalities (blue) in Parsa District The district consists of one metropolitan city, three urban municipalities and ten rural municipalities. These are as follows:
- Birgunj Metropolitan City
- Bahudarmai Municipality
- Parsagadhi Municipality
- Pokhariya Municipality
- Bindabasini Rural Municipality
- Dhobini Rural Municipality
- Chhipaharmai Rural Municipality
- Jagarnathpur Rural Municipality
- Jirabhawani Rural Municipality
- Kalikamai Rural Municipality
- Pakaha Mainpur Rural Municipality
- Paterwa Sugauli Rural Municipality
- Sakhuwa Prasauni Rural Municipality
- Thori Rural Municipality
Former Village Development Committees (VDCs) and municipalities
