Patron saints of ethnic groups

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Europe

Andalusians: St. John of Ávila,^[1] Virgin of Hope of Macarena.
Austrians: St. Leopold the Good,^[2] Saint Joseph.
Basques: St. Ignatius of Loyola.^[3]
Bosnians: St. Elijah.^[4]
Bretons: St. Ivo of Kermartin.
Bulgarians: St. John of Rila.
Canarians: Our Lady of Candelaria,^[5] St. Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur.^[6]
Catalans: St. George.^[7]
Cornish: St. Piran, St Petroc.
Croats: St. Joseph.^[8]
Czechs: St. Wenceslas.^[9]
Danes: St. Canute.
Dutch: St. Willibrord.^[10]
English: St. George;^[11] Our Lady of Walsingham; Edward the Confessor; Edward the Martyr; Michael the Archangel.
Finns: St. Henry bishop of Finland.
French: St. Joan of Arc;^[11] St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours.
Flemings: Saint Walpurga.
Gaels: St Columba, St. Brigid of Kildare
Galicians: St. James the Great.
Germans: Archangel Michael.^[12]
Greeks: St. Nicholas.^[13]
Greek Cypriots: Barnabas, and Lazarus of Bethany.
Hungarians: St. Stephen of Hungary.^[14]
Irish: St. Patrick,^[11] St Bridget.
Italians: St. Francis of Assisi and St. Catherine of Siena.^[15]
Lithuanians: St. Casimir.
Macedonians: St. Clement of Ohrid.^[16]
Maltese: St. Paul.^[17]
Manx: St. Maughold.
Monégasques: St. Devota.
Norwegians: St. Olaf.
Poles: St. Stanislaus Kostka.^[11] St. Andrew Bobola.^[11]
Portuguese: St. Anthony of Padua,^[18] Our Lady of Fatima.
Romanians: St. Andrew.
Romani people: Saint Sarah,^[19] Blessed Ceferino Giménez Malla.^[20]
Russians: St. Andrew,^[21] St. Nicholas.^[22]
Sardinian: St. Antiochus of Sulcis, Our Lady of Bonaria
Scots: St. Andrew.^[11] St. Margaret, St. Columba
Serbs: St. Sava,^[23] Stefan Nemanja.^[22]
Sicilians: Agatha of Sicily, Saint Rosalia.
Spaniards: St. James the Great.^[24]
Spanish Gypsies: Virgin of Hope of Macarena,^[25] Blessed Ceferino Giménez Malla.
Swedes: St. Bridget.
Ukrainians: Vladimir the Great.^[26]
Walloons: Saint Michael the Archangel.^[27]
Welsh: St. David.^[11]

Africa

Amharas and Tigrayans: St. George.
Berbers: St. Cyprian.^[28]^[29]
Copts: St. Mark.^[30]
Dafurian: St. Josephine Bakhita
Kongo people: St. Anthony of Padua.^[31]
Maghrebis: St. Cyprian.^[32]
Malagasy people: Vincent de Paul.
Sudanese and South Sudanese: St. Josephine Bakhita^[33]^[34]

Asia

Arabs: St. Sergius and Bacchus.^[35]
Armenians: St. Gregory the Illuminator.^[36]
Assyrians: St. Ephrem the Syrian,^[37] St. Zayya, Saint Mari,^[38] Addai of Edessa,^[38] Ephrem the Syrian.^[37]
Bicolanos: Our Lady of Peñafrancia.
Chinese Christians: Saint Joseph.^[39]
Chinese Filipinos: St. Lorenzo Ruiz.
Druze people: Jethro,^[40] Elijah^[41] or St. George (identified as Al-Khidr).^[42]
Georgians: St. George.^[43]
Goan Catholics: Francis Xavier.^[44]
Japanese Christians: Francis Xavier.^[45]
Jewish Christians: James the Just.^[46]
Korean Christians: Saint Joseph.^[47]
Maronites: St. Maron.^[48]
Kapampangans: Virgen de los Remedios de Pampanga.
Lebanese Christians: Saint George.^[49]
Lebanese people: St. Charbel Makhlouf, Rafqa Pietra Choboq Ar-Rayès, Nimatullah Kassab.^[50]
Palestinian Christians: Saint George.^[51]
Pangasinense: Our Lady of Manaoag.^[52]
Persian people: Addai of Edessa, Saint Mari.^[38]
Singaporean Christians: Francis Xavier.
Syrian Christians: Saint George.^[53]
Syrian Christians of Kerala: Saint Thomas the Apostle.^[54]
Turks: John the Apostle.^[55]^[56]
Vietnamese Christians: Saint Joseph.^[57]

America

African Americans: Saint Benedict the Moor.^[58]
Afro-Caribbeans: Peter Claver.^[59]
Argentines: Our Lady of Luján.^[60]
Bolivians: Virgen de Copacabana.^[61]
Brazilians: Our Lady of Aparecida.^[62]
Chileans: Our Lady of Mount Carmel.
Colombians: Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, Peter Claver.^[63]
Costa Ricans: Virgen de los Ángeles.^[64]
Cubans: Our Lady of Charity.^[65]^[66]^[61]
Dominicans: Virgin of Altagracia,^[67] Saint Dominic.
Ecuadorians: Mariana de Jesús de Paredes.^[61]
Euro-Americans: the Immaculate Conception, (unofficial:) Our Lady of America.
French Canadians: St. John the Baptist.^[68]
Guatemalans: Our Lady of the Rosary.^[61]
Haitians: Our Lady of Perpetual Help.^[69]
Hispanic people and the Hispanic world: Our Lady of the Pillar.^[70]
Hondurans: Our Lady of Suyapa.^[61]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas: St. Juan Diego.
Mexicans: Our Lady of Guadalupe.^[71]^[72]
Nicaraguans: Immaculate Conception.^[61]
Panamanians: Virgen de la Antigua.^[61]
Paraguayans: Our Lady of Caacupé.^[61]
Peruvians: Lord of Miracles,^[61] Rose of Lima.
Puerto Ricans: St. John the Baptist,^[73] Our Lady of Providence.
Salvadorans: Our Lady of Peace.^[61]
Uruguayans: Virgin of the Thirty-Three.^[61]
Venezuelans: Our Lady of Coromoto,^[74] José Gregorio Hernández.

Oceania

Australians: Mary MacKillop, Our Lady Help of Christians^[75]
Hawaiians: Father Damien, Malia O Ka Malu (Our Lady of Peace)
New Zealanders: Our Lady Help of Christians
Rapa Nui: Santa María de Rapa Nui (Our Lady of Rapa Nui)

References

[1]
Wilke, J. C. (2003). "John of Avila, St.". In Catholic University of America (ed.). New Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7 (Hol–Jub) (2d ed.). Washington, D.C.: Gale. pp. 446–449. ISBN 0-7876-4004-2.
[2]
G. Jestice, Phyllis (2004). Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 509. ISBN 9781576073551. St. Leopold has been a symbol of Austria's Catholic identity. Leopold is a patron saint of Austria, and Austrians still celebrate his feast day on November 15 with great pomp.
[3]
Gloria Pílar Totoricagüena (1 June 2004). Boise Basques: Dreamers And Doers. Center for Basque Studies, University of Nevada, Reno. ISBN 978-1-877802-37-9.
[4]
"Sveti Ilija - zaštitnik Bosne i Hercegovine" (in Croatian). vecernji.ba. 21 July 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
[5]
Patrona del archipiélago Canario Sitio web de las Siervas de los Corazones Traspasados de Jesús y María.
[6]
"Vilaflor solicita que el Hermano Pedro sea copatrón de Canarias". Diario de Avisos (in Spanish). 23 April 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
[7]
Hargreaves, John (2000). Freedom for Catalonia?: Catalan Nationalism, Spanish Identity and the Barcelona Olympic Games. Cambridge University Press. p. 90. ISBN 9780521586153.
[8]
"Hrvatski sabor - Povijest". www.sabor.hr. Archived from the original on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
[9]
Spilling, Michael (2018). Czech Republic: Cultures of the World (Third ed.). Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. p. 25. ISBN 9781502636379.
[10]
Reid, Andrew (2005). Luxembourg: the Clog-Shaped Duchy: A Chronological History of Luxembourg from the Celts to the Present Day. Cavendish Square Publishing. p. 8. ISBN 9781467009836.
[11]
A Roof Over Our Heads and Food On the Table. PublishAmerica. 26 November 2010. pp. 18–. ISBN 978-1-4560-7374-9. Each ethnic group contained its patron saint. Saint Patrick overlooked his Irish fl ock; Saint Joan of Arc watched over her fellow French; Saint Anthony of Padua looked after his Italians; Saint Stanislaus Kostka was in charge of his fellow Poles;
[12]
Nobuo, Tajima (2017). Mutual Perceptions and Images in Japanese-German Relations, 1860-2010. BRILL. p. 34. ISBN 9789004345423. archangel Michael, the patron saint of the German people
[13]
"Greece". St. Nicholas Center. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
[14]
Diós, István. "Szent István király [King Saint Stephen]". A szentek élete [Lives of Saints]. Szent István Társulat. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
[15]
Gregory Dipippo. "Ss Francis of Assisi and Catherine of Siena, Patron Saints of Italy".
[16]
Melton, J. Gordon (2011). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations, 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 216. ISBN 9781598842050.
[17]
Hughes-Freeland, Felicia (2003). Recasting Ritual: Performance, Media, Identity. Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 9781134739875. This centrality of St Paul in the historical account of the Maltese people means that he is not only the local patron of St Paul's parish, but also the national patron saint.
[18]
Cooper O’Boyle, Donna-Marie (2017). Our Lady's Message: To Three Shepherd Children and the World. Sophia Institute Press. p. 49. ISBN 9781622824564. It was the feast of St. Anthony, the beloved patron saint of the Portuguese people
[19]
Bart McDowell, Gypsies: Wanderers of the World, pp. 38–57.
[20]
"Patron Saint of the Rom and Sinti", Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People
[21]
Lanzi, Gioia (2004). Saints and Their Symbols: Recognizing Saints in Art and in Popular Images. Liturgical Press. p. 62. ISBN 9780814629703.
[22]
Stefan, V. Alexander (2017). Albert Einstein: The Son-in-law of the Serbs (the Yugoslavs). Stefan University Press. p. 148. ISBN 9781622824564. Two Orthodox-Christian Slavic nations have their own nation-patron-saints: St. Stefan is the patron saint of the Serbs and St. Nicholas, the patron saint of the Russians.
[23]
Butler's Saint for the Day. Bloomsbury Publishing. 15 May 2007. pp. 21–. ISBN 978-1-4411-4862-9.
[24]
A. Crow, John (2005). Spain, Third Edition: The Root and the Flower: An Interpretation of Spain and the Spanish People. University of California Press. p. 84. ISBN 9780520244962.
[25]
"ABC SEVILLA (Sevilla) - 30/05/1964, p. 59 - ABC.es Hemeroteca". hemeroteca.sevilla.abc.es. 22 August 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
[26]
Thomson, Ashley (1999). The Handbook of Canadian Boarding Schools. Dundurn. p. 249. ISBN 9781770700901.
[27]
De Vries, André (2003). Brussels: A Cultural and Literary History. Signal Books. p. 66. ISBN 9781902669472.
[28]
Lanzi, Fernando (2004). Saints and Their Symbols: Recognizing Saints in Art and in Popular Images. Liturgical Press. p. 80. ISBN 9780814629703. Cyprian von Karthago. This bishop of Carthage was one of the most important saints of Christian Africa in the third century; he is patron of North Africa and the Berbers.
[29]
Dupont, Anthony (2020). The Bible in Christian North Africa: Part I: Commencement to the Confessiones of Augustine (ca. 180 to 400 CE). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 194. ISBN 9781614516491.
[30]
Lewis, Agnes Smith (2008). Through Cyprus. University of Michigan Press. p. 65. ISBN 9780884022848. St. Mark is the patron saint of the Copts.
[31]
I. Case, Frederick (2013). The Encyclopedia of Caribbean Religions: Volume 1: A - L; Volume 2: M - Z. University of Illinois Press. p. 660. ISBN 9780252094330. He is syncretized with Saint Anthony of Padua, who is considered the protector of the Kongo people.
[32]
Dupont, Anthony; Yates, Jonathan (2020). The Bible in Christian North Africa: Part I: Commencement to the Confessiones of Augustine (ca. 180 to 400 CE). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 80. ISBN 9781614519263.
[33]
"Saint Josephine Bakhita – Tenth Annual International Day of Prayer and Awareness Against Human Trafficking". Solidarity with South Sudan. 8 February 2024.
[34]
"Why St. Josephine Bakhita is the patron saint of South Sudan". Aleteia. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
[35]
Shahîd, Irfan (1995). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 2002. ISBN 9780884022848.
[36]
Jacob G. Ghazarian (2000). The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393. Psychology Press. pp. 23–. ISBN 978-0-7007-1418-6.
[37]
"Syriacs: Aramaic roots and Christian blooms". Retrieved 10 March 2020.
[38]
"Saint Who? Saints Addai and Mari". Magnificat. 20 (12). Magnificat USA: 76. January 2019.
[39]
Mungello, D. E. (2001). The Spirit and the Flesh in Shandong, 1650–1785. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 135. ISBN 9781461645672.
[40]
Israeli, Raphael (2009). Peace is in the Eye of the Beholder. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 244. ISBN 9783110852479. Nabi Shu'eib, biblical Jethro, is the patron saint of the Druze.
[41]
Fukasawa, Katsumi (2017). Religious Interactions in Europe and the Mediterranean World: Coexistence and Dialogue from the 12th to the 20th Centuries. Taylor & Francis. p. 310. ISBN 9781351722179.
[42]
Scruton, Roger (2000). Perictione in Colophon: Reflections on the Aesthetic Way of Life. University of Michigan Press. p. VII. ISBN 9781890318598.
[43]
David Scott Fox (1 January 1983). Saint George: the saint with three faces. Kensal Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-946041-13-8.
[44]
Suhas Awchat, Deepa (2009). The Goa Portuguesa Cookbook. Popular Prakashan. p. 7. ISBN 9788179914823.
[45]
B. Minahan, James (2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 68. ISBN 9780313344978.
[46]
Carrington, Phillip (1957). The Early Christian Church: Volume 2, The Second Christian Century, 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 12. ISBN 9780521045827. James the Just, the patron saint of the Jewish Christians {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
[47]
B. Minahan, James (2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 86. ISBN 9780313344978.
[48]
Zwicker Kerr, Ann (1996). Come with Me from Lebanon: An American Family Odyssey. Syracuse University Press. p. 138. ISBN 9780815604341.
[49]
History Project, Christian (2003). By this Sign: A.D. 250 to 350 : from the Decian Persecution to the Constantine Era. Christian History Project. p. 44. ISBN 9780968987322. St. George is also the patron saint of Lebanese and Palestinian Christians.
[50]
Panagakos, Anastasia (2015). Religious Diversity Today: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World [3 volumes]: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World. ABC-CLIO. p. 100. ISBN 9781440833328.
[51]
Melton, J. Gordon (2021). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations. ABC-CLIO. p. 334. ISBN 9781598842050. He is also the patron saint of the Palestinian Christian community.
[52]
James Minahan (2012). Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 244–. ISBN 978-1-59884-659-1.
[53]
S. Hassan, Wail (2014). Immigrant Narratives: Orientalism and Cultural Translation in Arab American and Arab British Literature. Oxford University Press. p. 83. ISBN 9780199354979. There are several examples of this: "Besides being the patron saint of England and of the Christians of Syria.
[54]
"Patron Saints of Countries". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
[55]
P. Foley, Michael (2020). Drinking with Your Patron Saints: The Sinner's Guide to Honoring Namesakes and Protectors. Simon and Schuster. p. 150. ISBN 9781684510474. John is a patron saint of Asia Minor and Turkey and Turks because of his missionary work there.
[56]
M. Limberis, Vasiliki (2011). Architects of Piety: The Cappadocian Fathers and the Cult of the Martyrs. Oxford University Press. p. 164. ISBN 9780190208684.
[57]
B. Minahan, James (2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 204. ISBN 9780313344978.
[58]
Foley O.F.M., Leonard. "St. Benedict the African", Saint of the Day, (revised by Pat McCloskey O.F.M.), Franciscan Media
[59]
Schneider, Laurel; Keller, Catherine (2010). Polydoxy: Theology of Multiplicity and Relation. Routledge. p. 200. ISBN 9781136899546. Claver was very sympathetic toward the enslaved Africans and is still heralded as a patron saint among many Afro-Caribbean Catholic communities.
[60]
McCarthy, Rose; Link, Theodore (2003). Argentina: A Primary Source Cultural Guide. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 54. ISBN 9780823939978.
[61]
Cantrell Lacy, Elaine; E. Odem, Mary (2009). Latino Immigrants and the Transformation of the U.S. South. University of Georgia Press. p. 122. ISBN 9780820329680.
[62]
A. Galván, Javier (2020). Modern Brazil: Understanding Modern Nations. ABC-CLIO. p. 144. ISBN 9781440860324.
[63]
Magdalena Vences Vidal, La Virgen de Chiquinquirá, Colombia, 2008, Museo de la Basílica de Guadalupe, coll=Estudios en torno de arte vol. 2, pp.36f.
[64]
A. Rankin, Monica (2012). The History of Costa Rica :Greenwood histories of the modern nations. ABC-CLIO. p. 26. ISBN 9780313379444.
[65]
"Cuba Celebrates Our Lady Of Charity, Island's Patron Saint", NBC News, September 8, 2014
[66]
Montgomery, David. "Why the iconic Virgin of Charity means so much to Cubans and Pope Francis", The Washington Post, September 22, 2015
[67]
Froner, Nancy (1989). One Out of Three: Immigrant New York in the Twenty-First Century. Columbia University Press. p. 229. ISBN 9780231535137. the Virgin of Altagracia, the patron saint of the Dominican people.
[68]
J. Brault, Gerard (1989). The French-Canadian Heritage in New England. UPNE. p. 29. ISBN 9780874513592. Declared the patron saint of the French Canadians by Pope Pius X in 1908, John the Baptist had been honored during the French regime with religious ceremonies and also with bonfires associated with the summer solstice.
[69]
Stepick, Alex (2013). Crossing the Water and Keeping the Faith: Haitian Religion in Miami. New York University Press. p. 92. ISBN 9780814777084.
[70]
Curtis, William (2004). Fodor's Spain. University of Michigan Press. p. 232. ISBN 9781400012701. the Virgen del Pilar, the patron saint not only of peninsular Spain but of the entire Hispanic world.
[71]
J. Sindima, Harvey (2008). The French-Canadian Heritage in New England. Peter Lang. p. 207. ISBN 9780820426853. Our Lady of Guadalupe is the Patron Saint of Mexico and Mexican American.
[72]
Thomas Tucker, Phillip (2014). Emily D. West and the "Yellow Rose of Texas" Myth. McFarland. p. 178. ISBN 9780786474493. Our Lady of Guadalupe was the Indian Virgin Mary, the revered patron saint of the Mexican people.
[73]
Banting, Erinn (2003). Puerto Rico - The People and the Culture. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 16. ISBN 9780778793342.
[74]
J. Morse, Kimberly (2020). The Americas: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 957. ISBN 9781440852398.
[75]
Staff Writers (2013-01-24). "St Mary of the Cross MacKillop Named Second Patron of Australia". The Catholic Weekly. Retrieved 2023-03-19.

Patron saints of ethnic groups

Europe

Africa

Asia

America

Oceania

References

See also

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