Phoenix club (sports)

The term phoenix club is used in professional team sports to refer to a new entity that is set up to replace the same club that has failed in business terms but not necessarily in sporting terms, and generally involves the continuation of the sporting activity.^[1]^[2] In some cases, the phoenix club is created by the supporters of the club which has ended, or seems to be on the point of ending. A phoenix club will often have a very similar (although, for legal reasons, not identical) name and logo to the original club, and will also use a similar playing kit. The term is particularly prevalent in the United Kingdom and Italy in relation to association football, although it is also used in other countries.

The term has also been used to refer to a club formed by supporters of a major team when a change of ownership or policy causes them to lose faith in the management of their favoured side. This happened in 2005, when F.C. United of Manchester was formed by some fans of Manchester United F.C., specifically as a protest at the sale of the latter to Malcolm Glazer, and at what they saw as the excessive and unacceptable commercialisation of the club,^[3] although the new club's status as a phoenix is open to dispute on the basis that the original club still exists.

The term is derived from the mythical phoenix, a bird which was said to resurrect itself from its own ashes. In at least one case, the name of a phoenix club has played on the term itself: in the Australia-New Zealand A-League, now known as A-League Men, the defunct New Zealand Knights were replaced by new club Wellington Phoenix FC.

In some cases, phoenix clubs retain the name of the club which they replaced, implying a continuation from the former team. In other cases, name changes occur, perhaps due to proprietorial ownership of the old club's name.

An essential element of a phoenix club is that it is a legally separate entity from the original. A counter example is the American football Cleveland Browns, the football organization of which moved to Baltimore in 1995 to become the Baltimore Ravens. The NFL stipulated that, as a condition of allowing the move, the Ravens would have to relinquish any claim to the history and records of the Browns, one of the twelve "old guard" NFL franchises. As such, the Ravens technically entered the NFL as an expansion team. While the Browns franchise was deemed to have "suspended operations" for three years, in 1999 it was sold to new ownership and was recognized by the league to own all of the pre-1996 Browns' history, even though the extant Ravens had acquired the contracts of that team's players and personnel. The league and club thus recognize the Browns as one single team, albeit with a sporting hiatus, making the Browns not a phoenix club.^[4]

Because there is no single, universally-accepted definition, ascribing the term phoenix club can be disputed depending on the criteria used. Furthermore, there may be changes in what each country's football governing body and legal system defines as a phoenix club rather than resurrected club.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established
FC Swarovski Tirol	FC Tirol Innsbruck	1993
1. FC Vöcklabruck	Vöcklabrucker SC^[9]	2009
SV Austria Salzburg	SV Austria Salzburg^[10]	2005
Hakoah Vienna	SC Maccabi Wien^[11]	2010
FC Wacker Innsbruck	FC Wacker Innsbruck (2002)	2002

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established
K. Stade Leuven	Oud-Heverlee Leuven	1972
KFC Herentals	VC Herentals	2000
K. Lyra	K. Lyra-Lierse Berlaar	2002
K.S.K. Beveren	K.S.K. Beveren^[12]	2010
Beerschot AC	K Beerschot VA^[13]^[14]	2013
R.E. Mouscron	Royal Excel Mouscron^[15]	2010
K.R.C. Harelbeke	K.R.C. Harelbeke	2016
R.W.D. Molenbeek	R.W.D. Molenbeek	2015
R.A.E.C. Mons	R.A.E.C. Mons	2015
Lierse S.K.	Lierse S.K.	2018
K.V. Oostende	K.V. Diksmuide-Oostende	2022

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
AA Cabofriense^a	AD Cabofriense^[16]	1997
Colorado and Pinheiros	Paraná Clube^[17]	1989
Grêmio Novorizontino (1973)	Grêmio Novorizontino (2010)^[18]	2010
Icasa E.C.	A.D.R.C. Icasa^[19]^[20]	2002
EC Lemense	CA Lemense	2005	Lemense FC^d	2022
Linhares EC	Linhares FC^[21]	2001
Operário Várzea-Grandense^b	EC Operário	1996	Operário Ltda.	2003
Taguatinga EC (1964)^c	Taguatinga EC (2018)^[22]	2018
AD Vitória	AAD Vitória das Tabocas	2008

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
PFC Beroe Stara Zagora	Olimpic-Beroe^[26]	1999	PFC Beroe Stara Zagora AD^[27]	2008
F.C. Etar	FC Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo^[28]	2003	OFC Etar Veliko Tarnovo^[29]	2013
FC Chernomorets Burgas	PSFC Chernomorets Burgas	2005	FC Chernomorets 1919 Burgas	2015

Original club	Year established	Phoenix Club	Year established	2nd Phoenix Club	Year established
Supra de Montréal (1988-1992)	1988	FC Supra du Québec	2026
Hamilton Steelers (1958–1967)	1958	Hamilton Steelers (1981–1992)	1981
Montreal Impact (1992–2011)	1992	CF Montréal^[a]	2010
North York Rockets	1987	Toronto Rockets	1993
Ottawa Fury (2005–2013)	2005	Ottawa Fury FC	2014
Toronto Blizzard (1971–1984)^[b]	1971	Toronto Blizzard (1986–1993)	1986
Vancouver Whitecaps (1974–84)	1974	Vancouver Whitecaps (1986–2010)^[c]	1986	Vancouver Whitecaps FC^[30]^{[circular reference]}	2009

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Wuhan Optics Valley F.C.	Wuhan Yangtze River F.C.	2009
Hebei Zhuoao F.C.	Shijiazhuang Gongfu F.C.	2020
Hebei F.C.	Langfang Glory City F.C.	2022
Shaanxi Chang'an Athletic F.C.	Shaanxi Union F.C.	2023
Heilongjiang Ice City F.C.	Heilongjiang Ice City F.C. (2025)	2025

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Asociación Deportiva Limonense	Limón F.C.^[31]	2009
A.D. Generaleña^a	AS Puma Generaleña^[32]	2010

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
HŠK Građanski Zagreb	GNK Dinamo Zagreb	1945
US Fiumana^a	HNK Rijeka	1946
NK Varaždin (1931–2015)^b	NK Varteks^[33]	2011	NK Varaždin (2012)	2012
NK Orijent (1919-2014)	HNK Orijent 1919	2015
NK Zadar	HNK Zadar	2020
NK Inter Zaprešić	NK Inker Zaprešić	2022
HNK Šibenik	GNK Šibenik	2026

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Willand Wanderers F.C.	Willand Rovers F.C.^[34]	1946
Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891)	Accrington Stanley F.C.^[35]	1968
Gateshead A.F.C.	Gateshead F.C.^[36]	1977
Newport County	Newport County A.F.C.^[37]	1989
Aldershot F.C.	Aldershot Town F.C.^[38]	1992
Wimbledon F.C.^a	AFC Wimbledon^[39]^[40]^[41]	2002
Telford United F.C.	AFC Telford United^[42]	2004
Emley	Emley A.F.C.^[43]	2005
Hornchurch F.C.	A.F.C. Hornchurch^[44]	2005
Scarborough F.C.	Scarborough Athletic F.C.^[45]	2007
Farnborough Town F.C.	Farnborough F.C.^[46]	2007
Halifax Town A.F.C.^[47]	F.C. Halifax Town^[48]	2008
Fisher Athletic F.C.	Fisher F.C.^[49]	2009
Chester City F.C.	Chester F.C.^[50]	2010
Ilkeston Town	Ilkeston F.C.	2010
Merthyr Tydfil F.C.	Merthyr Town F.C.^[51]	2010
King's Lynn F.C.	King's Lynn Town F.C.	2010
Rushden & Diamonds F.C.	AFC Rushden & Diamonds^[52]	2011
Windsor & Eton F.C.	Windsor F.C.^[53]	2011
Croydon Athletic F.C.	AFC Croydon Athletic^[54]	2012
Llanelli A.F.C.	Llanelli Town A.F.C.	2013
Hereford United F.C.	Hereford F.C.^[55]	2015
Salisbury City F.C.	Salisbury F.C.	2015
Ilkeston F.C.	Ilkeston Town F.C.	2017
North Ferriby United A.F.C.^[56]	North Ferriby F.C.^[57]	2019
Bury F.C.	Bury A.F.C.^b	2021
Rhyl F.C.	C.P.D. Y Rhyl 1879	2020
Macclesfield Town F.C.	Macclesfield F.C.	2020
Whyteleafe F.C.	AFC Whyteleafe^[58]	2021
Farsley Celtic F.C.	FC Farsley^[59]	2025
Widnes FC	Widnes Town^[60]	2026

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FC Nancy	AS Nancy Lorraine	1967
Gap FC	Gap Foot 05^[63]	2012
Toulouse FC	Toulouse FC	1970
FC Sète	SC Sètois	2023

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
SC Tasmania 1900 Berlin	SV Tasmania Berlin	1973
BSG Chemie Leipzig (1950)	FC Sachsen Leipzig	1990	BSG Chemie Leipzig (1997)^[64]	1997
SpVgg Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin	SV Blau Weiss Berlin^[65]^[66]	1992
1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig (1966)	1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig (2003)	2003
SG Dynamo Schwerin	SG Dynamo Schwerin	2003
1. FC Kattowitz	1. FC Katowice	2007
DVV Coburg	FC Coburg^[67]	2011
FC Sachsen Leipzig	SG Sachsen Leipzig	2011	LVF Sachsen Leipzig	2014
Kultur Sport Verein Hessen Kassel	FC Hessen Kassel	1993	KSV Hessen Kassel	1998

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Salgaocar FC	Clube de Salgaocar	2024
Mohun Bagan	Mohun Bagan Super Giants	2020

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Persijatim East Jakarta	Jakarta Timur	2005
Perseba Super Bangkalan	Perseba Bangkalan^[77]	2012
Persisam Putra Samarinda	Borneo Samarinda^[78]	2014
Persekaba Badung	Persekaba Bali^[79]	2017
Persebo Bondowoso	Persebo Muda	2017
Persikad Depok	Persikad 1999^[80]	2018
Persires Rengat	Persires Indragiri Hulu	2019
PS Bangka	PS Bangka (2019)	2021
Persikubar West Kutai	Persikubar Putra	2021
Persisam Putra Samarinda	Persisam United	2021
Persika Karawang	Persika 1951^[81]	2022
Persipasi Bekasi	Persipasi Kota Bekasi	2022
Persebo Bondowoso	Persebo 1964	2023
Perseta Tulungagung	Perseta 1970	2023
Persiku Kutai	Persikukar Kutai Kartanegara	2023
Persikutim East Kutai	Persikutim United	2025
Persiwa Wamena	Wamena United	2025
Perseru Serui	PS Yapen	2026

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FK Liepājas Metalurgs	FK Liepāja^[93]	2014
FK Ventspils	JFK Ventspils	2021

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FK Žalgiris	VMFD Žalgiris^a^[94]	2009
FBK Kaunas	F.B.K. Kaunas^[95]	2012
lt:FK Atmosfera (1973)	FK Atmosfera (2012)^[96]^{[irrelevant citation]}	2012
FK Vėtra	FK Vėtra Rūdiškės^[97]	2014
FK Dainava Alytus	DFK Dainava^[98]	2016
FK Minija Kretinga	FK Minija (2017)^[99]^{[irrelevant citation]}	2017
FK Ekranas^b^[100]		2020

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
DFC Prag	DFC Prag	2016
Dukla Prague	FK Dukla Prague	2001

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
1. FC Kattowitz	1. FC Katowice	2007
Amica Wronki	Błękitni Wronki	2007
Pogoń Lwów	Pogoń Lwów	2009
Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski	Nasza Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski	2017
Ogniwo Sopot	PDP Ogniwo Sopot	2018
MKP Kotwica Kołobrzeg	MKS Kotwica Kołobrzeg^[110]	2025

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FK Hajduk Kula	OFK Hajduk^[135]^[136]^[137]	2013^[138]
FK Mladost Apatin	OFK Mladost APA	2011
FK Radnički Bajmok	FK Radnički 1905	2013
FK Sloga Petrovac na Mlavi	FK Sloga 33	2016
FK Vrbas	OFK Vrbas	2007

Original club	Phoenix club		Year established	Current name adopted
Original club	Founded as	Current name	Year established	Current name adopted
Akçaabat Sebatspor	Sebat Gençlikspor [tr]		2018
Bucaspor	İzmir İl Özel İdarespor	Bucaspor 1928	2011	2021
Çorumspor	Çorum Belediyespor	Çorum F.K.	1997	2019
Diyarbakırspor	Tarım Doğanspor	Diyarbekirspor	1977	2015
Erzincanspor	Refahiyespor	24 Erzincanspor	1984	2015
Erzurumspor	Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyespor	Erzurumspor F.K.	2005	2022
Gaziantepspor	Sankospor	Gaziantep F.K.	1988	2019
İskenderunspor	Erzinspor	İskenderunspor (1978)	1978	2009
Kardemir Karabükspor	Adatepe Dökecekspor	Karabük İdman Yurdu	2015	2023
Kastamonuspor	Tosya Belediyespor	Kastamonuspor 1966	1942	2014
Malatyaspor	Malatya Belediyespor	Yeni Malatyaspor	1986	2010
Manisaspor	Manisa Belediyespor	Manisa F.K.	1994	2019
Mersin İdman Yurdu	İçelspor	Yeni Mersin İdmanyurdu	1964	2022
Orduspor	Ordu İl Özel İdarespor	52 Orduspor	1973	2019
Orduspor	Ordu Soyaspor	Orduspor 1967 [tr]	1966	2020
Vanspor	Belediye Vanspor	Vanspor F.K.	1982	2019
Yozgatspor	Şefaatli Belediyespor	Yozgatspor 1959 F.K. [tr]	1984	2015
Zonguldakspor [tr]	Demir Madencilik Dilaverspor	Zonguldak Kömürspor	1986	2011

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FK Sloga Jugomagnat	FK Shkupi^[104]	2012
FK Bashkimi (1947–2008)	FK Bashkimi (2011)^[105]	2011
FK Pobeda	FK Pobeda (2010)^[106]	2010

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Ballymena F.C.	Ballymena United F.C.^[107]	1934
Newry City F.C.	Newry City AFC^[108]	2013
Belfast Celtic F.C.	Belfast Celtic F.C. (1978)	1978 (Named Belfast Celtic, 2019)

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
Associação Naval 1º de Maio	Associação Naval 1893^[111]^[112]	2017
Clube Desportivo das Aves	Clube Desportivo das Aves 1930^[113]^[114]	2020
Clube de Futebol Estrela da Amadora^[115]	C.D. Estrela^[116]	2011	Club Football Estrela da Amadora^[117]	2020
Clube de Futebol União	União da Bola F.C.^[118]	2022
Futebol Clube de Felgueiras	Futebol Clube de Felgueiras 1932^[119]	2006
Futebol Clube da Maia	F.C. Maia Lidador^[120]	2009
Futebol Clube do Marco	A.D. Marco 09^[121]	2009
Boavista Futebol Clube	Panteras Negras F.C.^[122]	2025
Sport Comércio e Salgueiros	S.C. Salgueiros 08 / S.C. Salgueiros^[123]	2008
Sporting Clube Olhanense	Sporting Clube Olhanense 1912^[124]	2017

Original club	Phoenix Club	Year established
FC Steaua București	CSA Steaua București
CS Universitatea Craiova	FC U Craiova 1948
FC Politehnica Iași (1945)	FC Politehnica Iași (2010)	2010
FC Politehnica Timișoara	ACS Poli Timișoara	2012
FC Argeș Pitești	F.C. Argeș 1953^[126]	2013
CS Gaz Metan Mediaș	ACS Mediaș	2022

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
FC Spartak Ryazan	FC Ryazan^[127]	1995
Uralan Elista	FC Elista	2005
FC Kuban Krasnodar	FC Kuban Krasnodar	2018
Alania Vladikavkaz	FC Alania Vladikavkaz (2019)	2019

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Clydebank^b	Clydebank F.C.	2003
Gretna F.C.	Gretna F.C. 2008^[128]	2008

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
I. SSK Maribor	NK Branik Maribor^[139]	1949
NK Izola	MNK Izola^[140]	1996
NK Ljubljana	FC Ljubljana^[141]	2005
NK Mura	ND Mura 05	2005	NŠ Mura	2012
NK Olimpija Ljubljana (defunct)	NK Olimpija Ljubljana (2005)^[142]^[143]	2005
NK Primorje	DNŠ Ajdovščina^[144]	2011
NK Nafta Lendava	NK Nafta 1903	2012

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established	3rd Phoenix club	Year established
Real Vigo Sporting	RC Celta de Vigo	1923
Levante FC	Levante UD	1939
Cartagena CF	Cartagena FC	1940	FC Cartagena	1995
CD Málaga	Málaga CF	1948
UD Orensana	CD Ourense	1952	UD Ourense^[145]	2014
RCD Córdoba	Córdoba CF	1954
SD Ceuta	AD Ceuta FC	1956
UD Melilla	Melilla CF	1956	UD Melilla	1976
UD Huesca	SD Huesca	1960
CD Villarrobledo	CP Villarrobledo	1971
Getafe Deportivo	Getafe CF	1983
AD Almería	CP Almería	1983
Burgos CF	Real Burgos CF	1983	Burgos CF	1994
SD Gimnástica Arandina	Arandina CF	1987
Linares CF	CD Linares	1990	Linares Deportivo	2009
AP Almansa	UD Almansa	1992
CD Villanovense	CF Villanovense	1992
CD Antequerano	Antequera CF	1992
CD Fuengirola	UD Fuengirola	1992	UD Fuengirola Los Boliches	2001
CF Lorca Deportiva	Lorca CF	1994	Lorca Deportiva CF	2002	CF Lorca Deportiva	2012
Orihuela Deportiva CF	Orihuela CF	1995
CD Estepona	Unión Estepona CF	1995	CD Estepona FS	2014
SD Ibiza	UD Ibiza-Eivissa	1995	UD Ibiza	2015
Sestao SC	Sestao River Club	1996
CA Marbella	Marbella FC	1997
CD Manchego	Manchego CF	2000	CD Manchego Ciudad Real	2009
CP Mérida	Mérida UD^[146]	2000	Mérida AD^[147]	2013
SD Compostela	SD Compostela	2004
Yeclano CF	Yeclano Deportivo	2004
CD Corralejo	CD Corralejo	2005
CF Ciudad de Murcia	CAP Ciudad de Murcia^[148]	2010^[d]
CF Extremadura	Extremadura UD^[149]	2007	CD Extremadura	2022
Mengíbar CF	CD Atlético Mengíbar	2008
Torredonjimeno CF	UD Ciudad de Torredonjimeno	2009
Huercalense CF	Huércal-Overa CF	2009
CD Logroñés	SD Logroñés	2009
CD Logroñés	UD Logroñés	2009
CD Molinense	CF Molina	2009	Unión Molinense CF	2018
CD San Fernando	San Fernando CD	2009	CD San Fernando 1940	2025
Águilas CF	Águilas FC	2010
Daimiel CF	Daimiel Racing Club	2010
UE Lleida	Lleida Esportiu	2011
Talavera CF	CF Talavera de la Reina	2011
CD La Unión	CF La Unión	2011	La Unión CF	2012
Jumilla CF	FC Jumilla	2011	Jumilla ACF	2020
CD Badajoz	CD Badajoz 1905	2012
Polideportivo Ejido	CP El Ejido 1969	2012
Motril CF	CF Motril	2012
CD San Martín	EI San Martín^[150]	2012
UD Salamanca	Unionistas de Salamanca CF^[151]	2013
UD Salamanca	Salamanca CF UDS^[152]	2013
CF Palencia	Palencia CF	2013
Alicante CF	CFI Alicante	2014
CD Puertollano	Calvo Sotelo Puertollano CF	2015
Caravaca CF	UD Caravaca	2015
Hellín Deportivo	Hellín CF	2016
Huracán Valencia CF	CF Huracán Moncada	2016
CD Baza	CD Ciudad de Baza CP 2017	2017
Ontinyent CF	Ontinyent 1931 CF	2019
CD Díter Zafra	CD Zafra	2021
Dos Hermanas CF	Dos Hermanas CF 1971	2021
CF Reus Deportiu	Reus FC Reddis	2022

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established	3rd Phoenix club	Year established	4th Phoenix club	Year established
Kolhospnyk Cherkasy	Dnipro Cherkasy	1975	FC Cherkasy	2003	FC Dnipro Cherkasy	2018	–	–
Torpedo Lutsk	Torpedo Lutsk	1977	–	–	–	–	–	–
Desna Chernihiv	Desna Chernihiv	1977	–	–	–	–	–	–
Kolos Poltava	Vorskla Poltava	1984	–	–	–	–	–	–
Dnipro Kremenchuk	Kremin Kremenchuk	1988	MFC Kremin Kremenchuk	2003	–	–	–	–
Karpaty Lviv	FC Karpaty Lviv	1989	FC Karpaty Lviv	2020 (debated)	–	–	–	–
USC Skala Stryi	FC Skala Stryi	1992	FC Hazovyk-Skala Stryi	2001	FC Skala Stryi	2011	FC Skala 1911 Stryi	2022
Polihraftekhnika Oleksandriya	PFC Oleksandriya	2004	FC Oleksandriya	2014	–	–	–	–
Lokomotyv Vinnytsia	PFC Nyva Vinnytsia	2006	FC Nyva Vinnytsia	2016	–	–	–	–
Chervona Zirka Zinovyevsk	FC Zirka Kropyvnytskyi	2007	–	–	–	–	–	–
Pogoń Lwów	Pogoń Lwów (2009)	2009	–	–	–	–	–	–
Khodak Cherkasy	FC Slavutych Cherkasy	2010	FC Cherkashchyna	2018	–	–	–	–
Arsenal Kyiv	FC Arsenal Kyiv	2001	FC Arsenal-Kyiv Kyiv	2014	–	–	–	–
Kolhospnyk Rivne	NK Veres Rivne	2015	–	–	–	–	–	–
FC Lviv	FC Lviv	2016	–	–	–	–	–	–
Tavriya Simferopol	SC Tavriya Simferopol	2016	–	–	–	–	–	–
Avanhard Zhytomyr	FC Polissya Zhytomyr	2016	–	–	–	–	–	–
KhPZ Kharkiv	FC Metalist Kharkiv	2020	–	–	–	–	–	–
Kryvyi Rih	FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih	2020	–	–	–	–	–	–
Naftovyk Okhtyrka	FC Naftovyk Okhtyrka	2020	–	–	–	–	–	–
USC Dovbush Chernivtsi	USC Dovbush Chernivtsi	2020	–	–	–	–	–	–

Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established	3rd Phoenix club	Year established
Portland Timbers (1975–1982)	Portland Timbers (1985–1990)	1985	Portland Timbers (2001–2010)	2001	Portland Timbers	2009
New York Giants	New York Giants	1923	New York Giants	1927
New York Hakoah	New York Hakoah	1956	New York Hakoah	2009
Fort Lauderdale Strikers (1977–83)	Fort Lauderdale Strikers (1988–94)	1988^[153]	Fort Lauderdale Strikers (2006–2016)	2006
San Jose Earthquakes (1974–88)^[154]	San Jose Clash/Earthquakes	1994	San Jose Earthquakes	2008^[155]
Seattle Sounders (1974–83)^[156]	Seattle Sounders (1994–2008)	1994	Seattle Sounders FC	2007
New York Cosmos (1970–85)	New York Cosmos (2013–2020)	2010^[157]	New York Cosmos	2025^[158]
Tampa Bay Rowdies (1975–93)	Tampa Bay Rowdies	2010^[159]
Tulsa Roughnecks (1978-1984)	Tulsa Roughnecks FC (2015-2019)	2013
Austin Aztex FC	Austin Aztex	2011^[160]
Philadelphia Fury (1978–1980)	Philadelphia Fury (2011–2019)	2011^[161]
Los Angeles Wolves	L.A. Wolves FC	2014^[162]
FC Tulsa (NPSL)	FC Tulsa	2020
Bethlehem Steel F.C. (1907–30)	Bethlehem Steel FC	2015^[163]
Rochester Lancers (1967–1980)	Rochester Lancers (2015)	2015^[164]
Philadelphia Atoms	Philadelphia Atoms SC	2017^[165]

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Original club	1st Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established	3rd Phoenix club	Year established	4th Phoenix club	Year established
Baltimore Orioles (1882–1899)	Baltimore Orioles (1901-1902)	1901	Baltimore Orioles (1903–1914, 1916–1953)	1903	Baltimore Orioles^[e]	1954
Buffalo Bisons (1879–1885)	Buffalo Bisons (1886–1970)	1886	Buffalo Bisons	1979
Indianapolis Clowns	Indianapolis Clowns (BBCL)	2026
Los Angeles Angels (PCL)	Los Angeles Angels	1961^[166]
Miami Marlins (IL)	Miami Marlins (1962–70, 1982–88)	1962	Florida/Miami Marlins	1993
Milwaukee Brewers (1884–1885)	Milwaukee Brewers (1886–92)	1886	Milwaukee Brewers (1894-1901)^[e]	1894	Milwaukee Brewers (1902–52)	1902	Milwaukee Brewers	1970
New York Metropolitans	New York Mets	1961^[167]
San Diego Padres (1936-68)	San Diego Padres	1969
Washington Senators (1891–99)	Washington Senators/Nationals (1901–60)	1901	Washington Senators (1961–71)	1961	Washington Nationals	2005

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
SKK Borac Banja Luka	OKK Borac Banja Luka	2011
Sloboda Tuzla	OKK Sloboda Tuzla	2011

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Cedevita Zagreb	Cedevita Junior
Kvarner	Kvarner 2010	2010
Šibenka	GKK Šibenka
Zagreb	KK Zagreb

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
SG Braunschweig	Basketball Löwen Braunschweig	2000
DJK Würzburg	Würzburg Baskets

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Felice Scandone	Avellino Basket	2021
Pallalcesto Amatori Udine	APU Udine	2011
Benetton Treviso	Universo Treviso	2012
S.S. Basket Napoli	Napoli Basket	2016
Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino	Basket Torino	2019
Viola Reggio Calabria	Viola Supporters Trust	2019
Virtus Roma	Virtus GVM Roma 1960	2021

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established	2nd Phoenix club	Year established
FMP Železnik	KK FMP	2011
KK Radnički Kragujevac	KK Radnički Kragujevac	2009	KK SPD Radnički	2015

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
KK Olimpija	KK Cedevita Olimpija	2019
KK Koš Koper	KK Koper Primorska

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
CB Vetusta	Oviedo CB	2004
Cáceres CB	Cáceres Ciudad del Baloncesto	2007
CB Ciudad de Huelva	CD Huelva Baloncesto	2008
CB Guadalajara	CEBA Guadalajara	2011
CE Lleida Bàsquet	Força Lleida CE	2012
Baloncesto León	Fundación Baloncesto León	2012
CB Granada	Fundación CB Granada	2012
Gijón Baloncesto	Gijón Basket	2015
CB Valladolid	Real Valladolid Baloncesto	2015
CB Lucentum Alicante	Fundación Lucentum Baloncesto	2015
Menorca Bàsquet	CB Menorca	2016

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established
Thames Valley Tigers	Guildford Heat^[176]	2005
Manchester Giants (1975–2001)	Manchester Giants^[177]	2011

Original club	Phoenix club	Year established	Second Phoenix Club	Year established
Ottawa Rough Riders	Ottawa Renegades	2002	Ottawa Redblacks	2014
Montreal Alouettes (1946-1981)	Montreal Alouettes	1996