Dornase alfa
Pharmaceutical drug
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dornase alfa, sold under the brand name Pulmozyme, is used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.[3] It is a recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I (rhDNase), an enzyme which selectively cleaves DNA.[3] Dornase alfa hydrolyzes the DNA present in sputum/mucus and reduces viscosity in the lungs, promoting improved clearance of secretions.[3] It is produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells.[3]
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| Trade names | Pulmozyme |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a694002 |
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| Routes of administration | Inhalation |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.685 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C1321H1999N339O396S9 |
| Molar mass | 29254.04 g·mol−1 |
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Medical uses
Dornase alfa is indicated for the management of people with cystic fibrosis to improve pulmonary function.[3]
A 2021 Cochrane systematic review found that dornase alfa probably improves lung function (FEV1) compared with placebo/no dornase alfa at multiple time points (including one and six months), while evidence for quality-of-life outcomes was limited. Rash and voice change were reported more frequently than with control, and serious adverse effects were not reported in the included trials.[4]
Society and culture
Legal status
Dornase alfa is an orphan drug.[5]
Research
Dornase alfa has been shown to improve lung function in non-cystic fibrosis pre-term infants atelectasis.[6][7]
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Dornase alfa is a recombinant human DNase I that selectively cleaves DNA, by hydrolyzing extracellular DNA in sputum/mucus it reduces mucus viscosity and improves clearance of secretions.[8][4]
Production
The FDA label states that dornase alfa is produced by genetically engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells containing DNA encoding the native human DNase I protein.[8]
