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Purunagarh

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TypeHill Fortification
ControlledbyJeypore Municipality
Opento
thepublic
Yes
ConditionRuins
Purunagarh
Jayapur Durg, Jayapur Garh, Purnagadh
Part of Kingdom of Jeypore (Kalinga)
Jeypore, Odisha, India
Location of the fort, Naktidongar Hill
Site information
TypeHill Fortification
Controlled byJeypore Municipality
Open to
the public
Yes
ConditionRuins
Location
Purunagarh is located in Odisha
Purunagarh
Purunagarh
Location of Purunagarh
Coordinates18°51′55″N 82°34′23″E / 18.86528°N 82.57306°E / 18.86528; 82.57306
Site history
Built17th century
Built byVir Vikram Dev
Demolished1777
Battles/wars1
EventsDestruction of the Fort by the East India Company forces under Captain Richard Matthews
Garrison information
OccupantsJeypore’s old population

Purunagada or Purnagarh (lit.'Old Fort') is the easternmost locality of Jeypore in Odisha, India. It is a place of historical significance as it was once the main fort of the Maharajas of Jeypore. It was constructed by Maharaja Vir Vikram Dev after he shifted the capital of his kingdom from Nandapur to Jeypore. In modern era, the place is known for its numerous ancient temples built by the erstwhile kings.[1]

Vir Vikram Dev replaced his uncle Krishna Raj Dev as the king of Nandapur in 1637. The kingdom of Nandapur was then resisting as a tributary of the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Hyderabad. However, the growing tensions between Nandapur and Hyderabad forced the Qutb Shahi Sultans to take stringent steps in order to maintain control over the territory of Kalinga. They constantly interfered into the politics of Nandapur that vexed the courtiers and the subjects.

Due to these interferences and skirmishes, the king shifted his capital to a new place and named it Jayapura or "City of Victory". The foot of the Naktidongar hill was chosen as an adequate place for constructing the fort. Historically, the construction of the garrison was finished in the mid-17th century. A long and wide moat was dug surrounding the fort which is now modernized into a canal by the government. The king invited many people from different parts to settle down in the fort, like Brahmin, Vaishya and Khandayats. The largest and most significant population was that of the different tribal communities like the popular Parajas.

The fort was then known as Jaypur Garh and it served as a robust bastion for the next eleven descendants of Vir Vikram Dev. However, the British invaded Jeypore in 1777 assisted by the army of Vizianagaram and destroyed the fort in the absence of Vikram Dev I who was preparing for the battle in the fort of Rayagada.

People

People belonging to different caste, creed and religion have been living in Purunagada and most of them have been staying here for generations. Tribal Parajas form an integral part of this part of the town and were earlier known for their hunting skills, clean houses, robust physique, unique traditions and hard work. With exposure to the urban way of life, their dependence on the forests has been declining and has eroded their culture and heritage.

Parajas

Temples

References

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