QF 4-inch naval gun Mk I – III
Naval gun
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The QF 4-inch gun Mks I, II, III[note 2] were early British QF (quick-firing) naval guns originating in 1895. They all had barrels of 40 calibres length.
| Ordnance QF 4-inch gun Mk I, II, III | |
|---|---|
Australian troops with gun on a transport ship, circa. November 1914 | |
| Type | Naval gun Coast defence gun |
| Place of origin | United Kingdom |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1896 - 1920[note 1] |
| Used by | British Empire |
| Wars | Boxer Rebellion, World War I |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1895 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 2,912 pounds (1,321 kg) barrel & breech |
| Barrel length | 160 inches (4.064 m) bore (40 cal); 165.35 inches (4.200 m) total |
| Shell | Separate-loading QF 25 pounds (11.34 kg) Common pointed or Lyddite |
| Calibre | 4-inch (101.6 mm) |
| Breech | Single-motion screw |
| Muzzle velocity | 2,300 feet per second (700 m/s)[1] |
| Maximum firing range | 9,000 yards (8,200 m)[2] |
Naval service
The gun was intended to be a more powerful alternative to the quick-firing 3-inch QF 12-pounder gun, and a faster-firing replacement for the BL 4-inch gun.
It was mounted on the following ships :
- Pelorus-class third-class protected cruisers of 1896
- Condor-class sloops of 1898
- Cadmus-class sloops of 1900
- Topaze-class third-class cruisers, launched in 1903
- Invincible-class battlecruisers of 1906
Its 25-pound (11 kg) shell proved insufficiently powerful to make it much of an improvement on the 12-pounder. From 1907 onwards it was succeeded in its class on new warships by the BL 4 inch gun Mk VIII, which fired a 31-pound (14 kg) shell.
Coast Defence gun
World War I land service
On 20 September 1914 the British cruiser HMS Pegasus was sunk by SMS Königsberg in Zanzibar harbour. Her 8 QF 4-inch Mk III guns were recovered and used ashore in the East African campaign. Some were used as coast defence guns at Zanzibar and Mombasa. Two guns, and from 11 February 1916, three guns, were used by 10th Heavy Battery manned by the Royal Marines, mounted on improvised field carriages and towed by Packard lorries, supported by six REO lorries carrying ammunition.[5]
Surviving guns
- A gun from HMS Pegasus used in the WWI land campaign stands outside Fort Jesus on Mombasa Island, Kenya, next to one of the 10.5-cm guns from SMS Königsberg.[6]
- A gun from HMAS Protector is on display at the National Military Vehicle Museum in Edinburgh, South Australia.
- A gun was installed in 1918 on the island of Hirta in the St Kilda archipelago, northwest Scotland, after a German submarine attack there, by the German submarine SM U-90.
See also
Notes
- Remaining ships were all scrapped or decommissioned following WWI, by 1921 at latest
- I.e. Mark 1, 2 and 3. Britain used Roman numerals to denote Marks (models) of ordnance until after World War 2. Hence this article describes the first three models of British QF 4-inch guns.
