Ranney collector
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A Ranney Collector is a type of radial well used to extract water from an aquifer with direct connection to a surface water source like a river or lake. The amount of water available from the collector is typically related more to the surface water source than to the piezometric surface of the aquifer.[1]
A caisson is constructed of reinforced concrete and installed into sand or gravel below the surface level of an adjacent river or lake.[1] Screened conduits (also referred to as laterals or lateral well screens) are extended horizontally from ports in the caisson about 60 meters (200 feet) into surrounding water-bearing alluvium.[2] The radial arrangement of screens forms a large infiltration gallery with a single central withdrawal point.[1] A single collector may produce as much as 25 million gallons per day.[2] Bank filtration of water through aquifer soils may reduce water treatment requirements.[2][3]